高中英语-语法-非谓语动词不定式的用法课件.pptx

1、 非谓语非谓语动词不定式动词不定式 动词不定式是一种非限定性动动词不定式是一种非限定性动词词,由由toto动词原形构成动词原形构成,但在有些但在有些情况下情况下toto可以省略。动词不定式在可以省略。动词不定式在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。语和状语。1.It is impossible to finish so much homework in a day.2.To see is to believe.3.His wish is to be a doctor.4.I want to do it myself.判断下列不定式在句中作何成分判断下列不定式在

2、句中作何成分 5.We found it difficult to work with him.6.He always has a lot of meetings to attend.7.He is looking for a room to live in.8.I study hard to serve the people well.9.In order not to be late she took a bus.判断下列不定式在句中作何成分判断下列不定式在句中作何成分 常见带形式主语常见带形式主语it的句型：的句型：1.It is easy(difficult,important,pos

3、sible,necessary,good,kind,wise,foolish)to do sth.2.It is a pleasure(pity,crime,an honor)to do sth.3.It takes(sb.)some time to do sth.1.It is difficult to understand him.2.It is a pleasure to help you.3.Its a great honor to be invited to Marys birthday party.4.It takes me an hour to clean the room.不定

4、式作表语时一般紧跟在系动词不定式作表语时一般紧跟在系动词be,seem,remain,appear,get等后面，用来等后面，用来说明主语的内容。说明主语的内容。常见的主语有：常见的主语有：ones dream,business,wish,idea,plan,job,work,task,duty,what one wants to do1.My wish is to be a doctor.2.My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties of the matter.1.常见的不定式作宾语的及物动词有：常见的不定式作宾语的及物动词有：wan

5、t,hope,wish,agree,promise,decide,determine,fail,manage,offer,prepare,pretend,choose,expect,refuse1.I like to keep everything tidy.2.When I heard the words,I didnt know whether to laugh or to cry.3.I want to speak to Tom.2.feel,find,judge,make,think,believe,consider+it+adj./n.+to do sth.1.He thought

6、it a great pity not to have invited her.2.She made it a rule to get up at five.1.The teacher told us not to be so noisy in the class.2.I expect you to give me some help in the experiment.3.Father will not allow us to play on the street.4.We believe him to be guilty.一些动词后作宾补的不定式不带一些动词后作宾补的不定式不带to.一感一

7、感：feel+sb+do sth.二听二听:hear,listen to三看三看:see,watch,look at,observe,notice四使役四使役:let,make,haveSuddenly we felt the atmosphere grow tense.What made him do that again and again?I need a pen to write with.In the dark room,he even had no bed to sleep on.I need someone to type the letters for me.The build

8、ing to be built is a lab.所修饰的名词前有所修饰的名词前有the first/last/next,the only,the best,the most等序数词或最高级等等序数词或最高级等修饰语时修饰语时,用不定式作定语用不定式作定语.不定式修饰不定式修饰something,anything,nothing.The next train to arrive is from Washington.I want something to read.Its your turn to speak now.Its time to go to school.1.He is lucky

9、 to get here on time.2.Be careful not to catch a cold.3.They started early so as to catch the first bus.4.I hurried to get there only to find him out.5.They parted never to see each other.6.He studied hard only to fail.为了避免重复，作宾语的不定式第二次为了避免重复，作宾语的不定式第二次出现时往往省略，只保留不定式符号。出现时往往省略，只保留不定式符号。1.在在want,wish

10、,hope,like,hate,plan,try,love 等词后等词后.You can try it again if you want to.-Have you listened to the music?-No,but I plan to.The enemy can do nothing but_.The enemy had nothing to choose but _.I have nothing to do except _ the article for him.I have nothing to choose except _the article for him.surren

11、derto surrender当介词当介词but,except前面有实义动词前面有实义动词do时时,不不定式在介词之后可以省去定式在介词之后可以省去to。copyto copyPractice1.The teacher asked us _so much noise.A.dont make B.not makeC.not making D.not to make2.The man we followed suddenly stoppedand looked as if _whether he was going inthe right direction.A.seeingB.having se

12、enC.to have seen D.to see3.Having a trip abroad is certainly goodfor the old couple,but it remains_whether they will enjoy it.A.to see B.to be seenC.seeing D.seen 4.With a lot of difficult problems_,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.being settled 5.

13、Sandy could do nothing but _to his teacher that he was wrong.A.admit B.admitted C.admitting D.to admit6._late in the morning,Bob turned off the alarm.A.To sleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.Having slept7.You should have thanked her before you left.-I meant_,but when I was leaving I couldnt find her anywhere

14、.A.to do B.to C.doing D.doing so8.Ive worked with children before,so I know what _in my new job.A.expected B.to expect C.to be expecting D.expects9.Robert is said _abroad,but I dont know what country he studied in.A.to have studied B.to studyC.to studying D.to have been studying10.The purpose of new

15、 technologies is to make life easier,_it more difficult.A.not make B.not to makeC.not making D.do not make11.There are five pairs_,but Im at a loss which to buy.A.to be chosen B.to choose fromC.to choose D.for choosing12.Last summer I took a course on _.A.how to make dresses B.how dresses be madeC.h

16、ow to be made dresses D.how dresses to be made13.Mrs.Smith warned her daughter _after drinking.A.never to drive B.to never driveC.never driving D.never drive14.We agreed _here but so far she hasnt turned up yet.A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have met15.Rather than _on a crowded but,he always

17、prefers _a bicycle.A.ride;ride B.riding;rideC.ride;to ride D.to ride;riding18.When asked why he went there,hesaid he was sent there _ for a spaceflight.A.training B.being trained C.to have trained D.to be trained19._the safety of gas,the government has checked the citys gas supply system thoroughly.A.To ensure B.EnsuringC.Having ensured D.To have ensured