高中英语《完形填空解题技巧》课件.ppt

1、命题特点：命题特点：1.短文长度短文长度300词左右词左右，记叙文、说明文和议论文记叙文、说明文和议论文为主。为主。记叙文故事情节多有曲折，结果出乎意料，是幽默所记叙文故事情节多有曲折，结果出乎意料，是幽默所在；议论文结构严谨层次分明，有很多对仗现象。在；议论文结构严谨层次分明，有很多对仗现象。2.首句无空格首句无空格，提供语境。，提供语境。5-10词设一空，人名、词设一空，人名、地名、地名、日期、数字不在之列。日期、数字不在之列。3.选项多为选项多为一词一词，偶会为，偶会为词组词组。四选项为同一类词或属。四选项为同一类词或属同一范畴，或近义或形异义，或与前后配成词组。故同一范畴，或近义或形异

2、义，或与前后配成词组。故干扰性、迷性大。有时单独看一句话语法都是正确的，干扰性、迷性大。有时单独看一句话语法都是正确的，但根据上下文只有一个正确答案。但根据上下文只有一个正确答案。4.考查单词以实词考查单词以实词(v,n,adj,adv,pron.)为主，虚为主，虚词词(conj.,prep.)为辅。实词一般占为辅。实词一般占80%-90%。5.以考查学生对以考查学生对文章的整体理解（篇章逻辑题）文章的整体理解（篇章逻辑题）和和词汇的意义（词汇题）词汇的意义（词汇题）把握为主。有些要把握为主。有些要结合结合常识常识才能正确选项；有些甚至要求在通篇理解才能正确选项；有些甚至要求在通篇理解的基础上

3、，正确把握的基础上，正确把握上下文的逻辑关系上下文的逻辑关系，才能，才能正确判断和选择。正确判断和选择。6.有些空格答案由上文决定（有些空格答案由上文决定（前置性设空前置性设空），有些），有些由后文决定（由后文决定（后置性设空后置性设空），有些要综合上下），有些要综合上下文才能得到答案（文才能得到答案（语篇性设空语篇性设空），），以后置性设以后置性设空为主空为主。英语完形填空解题步骤英语完形填空解题步骤1.速览全文，把握大意。速览全文，把握大意。2.细读首句，摸清文路。细读首句，摸清文路。3.瞻前顾后，准确选择。瞻前顾后，准确选择。4.复核全文，调整答案。复核全文，调整答案。做完形填空必须读懂

4、文章，前后逻辑一致；完形填空做完形填空必须读懂文章，前后逻辑一致；完形填空每个小题的正确答案都是有充分根据的，可以在文章每个小题的正确答案都是有充分根据的，可以在文章汇总找到具体的突破口也就是汇总找到具体的突破口也就是信息点信息点。解题时应联系。解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。2mins10mins2mins1minsn答题方法：答题方法：n1）择优法：）择优法：根据文章及结构边读边填，如根据文章及结构边读边填，如果能够立刻判定最佳答案的，

5、不必再去逐果能够立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐个考证其余答案。个考证其余答案。n2）排除法：）排除法：如答案一时难以确定，可按空如答案一时难以确定，可按空格位置，从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文格位置，从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面，对选语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面，对选项逐项分析试填。排除干扰项，从而确定项逐项分析试填。排除干扰项，从而确定正确答案。正确答案。Here are some Basic skills of clozeSkill 1:Choosing by context(上下文、语境上下文、语境)eg.Many old people dont have

6、good _.A.hearing B.health C.eyesight 1)They cant watch TV,but they can listen to music or news over the radio.C2)They cant listen to music or news over the radio,but they can read with glasses.3)They cant walk outside,but they can watch TV or listen to music or news over the radio at home.ABeg2.Wait

7、 till you are more _.A.relaxed B.satisfied C.certain1)Its better to be sure than sorry.C2)Ill improve it once more.B3)Or else youll be more nervous on the stage.Aeg3.Traveling _,today becomes yesterday;traveling west it is tomorrow.A.south B.east C.north D.westeg4.Some parts of the water are very sh

8、allow.But in some places it is very,very _.A.deep B.high C.cold D.dangerous eg1.When we talked,I discovered（发现）（发现）some differences in school life between the US and China.For example,each class lasts fifty minutes in the US.It is a little _ than that in China.We usually have forty-five minutes in e

9、ach class.A.shorter B.longer C.earlier D.laterSkill 2：logic（逻辑推理）（逻辑推理）eg2.My mother often asked me，“What is the most important part of the body?”I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said“My _，Mommy”She said，“NoMany people are deaf（聋的）（聋的）A.ears B.eyes C.body D.headeg1.At this mom

10、ent,the air hostess 1 .She looked pale,but was quite 2 .1.A.showed B.presented C.exposed D.appeared2.A.well B.still C.calm D.quietVt.Vt.Vt.Vi Skill 3:Choosing by meanings of words and expressions(词汇和短语用法词汇和短语用法)eg2.In the morning,the king went to visit the pond.To his surprise,the pond was only fill

11、ed with water!What happened?Yes!Everyone had the same idea _that man.A.with B.to C.as D.ofthe same。Skill4:Choosing by grammar(语法分析语法分析)eg1.and the officers then began to eat their meal,saying that the mushrooms had a very strange _ quite pleasant taste.A.beside B.but C.and D.or。eg1.I turned the key

12、in the lock and _the door open.A.knocked B.forced C.pushed D.tried eg2.All over the world people swim for fun.Swimming is enjoyed by people of _ages,from the very young to the very old.There are many places for people to swim in swimming pools.A.all B.none C.some D.bothSkill 5:Choosing by common sen

13、se(常识常识)eg3.(Immediately)the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to thehospital.A.animal B.biggest C.plant D.nearestThe skills of finishing Cloze?Skill1:Choosing by 上下文、语境上下文、语境Skill2:Choosing by 逻辑推理逻辑推理Skill3:Choosing by 词汇和短语用法词汇和短语用法Skill4:Choosing by 语法分析语法分析Skill5:Choosing by 常识常识完形填空四利

14、用：完形填空四利用：n1.利用复现或同类的词汇答题。利用复现或同类的词汇答题。n2.利用前后文的对仗关系。利用前后文的对仗关系。n3.利用上下文的逻辑关系。利用上下文的逻辑关系。n4.生活常识。生活常识。完形填空三忌：完形填空三忌：n忌不看首句，直奔空格处作答。忌不看首句，直奔空格处作答。n忌当做语法填空来做。忌当做语法填空来做。完形填空很多选项完形填空很多选项必须根据上下文才能选出，不是孤立的看必须根据上下文才能选出，不是孤立的看本句话。本句话。n忌先入为主，一气呵成。忌先入为主，一气呵成。做题时先填把握做题时先填把握的空格，对不是很有把握的先放一放，在的空格，对不是很有把握的先放一放，在后

15、文的到答案或在做完全文后回头看才会后文的到答案或在做完全文后回头看才会获得答案。获得答案。The more we practice,the easier it will be!Cloze is interesting,though difficult.17Itwasabusymorning，about8:30,whenanelderlygentlemaninhis80scametothehospital.Iheardhimsayingtothenursethathewasinahurryforanappointment(约会)at9:30.Thenursehadhimtakea36inthew

16、aitingarea,37himitwouldbeatleast40minutes38someonewouldbeabletoseehim.Isawhim39hiswatchanddecided，sinceIwas40busymypatientdidnt41attheappointedhour,Iwouldexaminehiswound.Whiletakingcareofhiswound,Iaskedhimifhehadanotherdoctorsappointment.Thegentlemansaidnoandtoldmethathe42togotothenursinghometoeatbr

17、eakfastwithhis43.Hetoldmethatshehadbeen44forawhileandthatshehadaspecialdisease.Iaskedifshewouldbe45ifhewasabitlate.Herepliedthatshe46knewwhohewas，andthatshehadnotbeenableto47himforfiveyearsnow.Iwas48,andaskedhim，“Andyou49goeverymorning，eventhoughshedoesntknowwhoyouare?”Hesmiledandsaid,“Shedoesntknow

18、me,butIknowwhosheis.”Ihadtoholdback50asheleft.NowI51thatinmarriages，trueloveis52ofallthatis.Thehappiestpeopledont53havethebestofeverything；theyjust54thebestofeverythingtheyhave.55isntabouthowtolivethroughthestorm，buthowtodanceintherain.try your best18Checkyouranswers:36-40CDBCD41-45AABDB46-50CACDB51

19、-55ACABD你的理解水平为：你的理解水平为：对对18个以上，恭喜！表扬一下自己！个以上，恭喜！表扬一下自己！1317，恩，还不错！恩，还不错！12个以下：要加油了个以下：要加油了19长难句解析长难句解析Thenursehadhimtakea36inthewaitingarea，37himitwouldbeatleast40minutes38someonewouldbeabletoseehim.36、AbreathB.testCseatDbreak37、ApersuadingBpromisingCunderstandingDtelling38、AifBbeforeCsinceDafter（上

20、下文语境上下文语境）（常识词义辨析）（常识词义辨析）固定搭配固定搭配:It will bebefore“之后，才之后，才”20技巧总结：Sumuptheapproachestosolvingtheproblems方法运用小题一、上下文语境二、常识逻辑推理三、固定搭配（句型、短语）四、词义辨析41、5336、39、40、42、43、44、46、47、48、49、50、52、5537、45、50、5138、Itwouldbebefore54、makethebestof211.针对训练：针对练习代替题海战术，每天练针对训练：针对练习代替题海战术，每天练习不同体裁、题材的文章，提高解题技能。习不同体裁、题材的文章，提高解题技能。2、提高解题速度：限时练习（、提高解题速度：限时练习（15分钟以内）分钟以内）代替无限制的时间浪费。代替无限制的时间浪费。3、提高准确率：高效练习代替每天盲目练习、提高准确率：高效练习代替每天盲目练习N道题。道题。Tips: