Unit 1 Science and scientists Language points （ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、Language Pointsunit1选择性必修二 I would like to I would like to subscribe tosubscribe to a Dictionary of American Slang.a Dictionary of American Slang.I was unwilling to I was unwilling to subscribe tosubscribe to the contract,but it seemed the contract,but it seemed that I had no choice.that I had no ch

2、oice.How How many shares did you many shares did you subscribe forsubscribe for in the new company?in the new company?【用法详解】l(1)subscribe to 订阅(报纸、杂志等)；签字认可，同意；向捐赠lsubscribe for 预定；认购l(2)subscription n订金；订阅；签署lsubscriber n订户；捐献者1.subscribe vi.1.subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)指出下列各句中subscribe to的含义

3、。1.I cant subscribe to your plan because it is not reasonable._2.They refused to subscribe to the agreement._3.We subscribe to an animal protection society._4.Which journals does the library subscribe to?_l单句语法填空5.She used to subscribe _ an environmental action group.l【答案】(1)同意(2)签名(3)捐赠(4)订阅(5)to2.

4、suspect vt.&.vi.2.suspect vt.&.vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n n犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 He resigned after He resigned after being suspected ofbeing suspected of theft.theft.The above complaints are,I suspect,just the tip of The above complaints are,I suspect,just the tip of the iceberg.the iceberg.【用法详解】lsuspect vt.怀疑；认为；n.犯罪嫌疑人

5、；可疑对象lsuspect sb.to ben./adj.怀疑某人lsuspect sb.of doing sth.怀疑某人做了某事lbe suspicious of/about.对怀疑【特别提醒】accuse sb.of sth.指控某人某事warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事cheat sb.of sth.欺骗某人某事inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某事convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事【针对练习】1)What happened to him?1)What happene

6、d to him?He _ at the party last night,and the police were looking He _ at the party last night,and the police were looking into the matter.into the matter.他被怀疑在昨天的聚会上偷了戒指，警察正在调查这个事件。2)I began to _ me.2)I began to _ me.我开始怀疑他邀请我的动机。3)I suspect that he is the pickpocket.(3)I suspect that he is the pic

7、kpocket.(用suspect sb.to be.suspect sb.to be.改为简单句)I suspect_.I suspect_.【答案】(1)was suspected of stealing the ring(1)was suspected of stealing the ringsuspect his motivation in invitingsuspect his motivation in invitinghim to be the pickpockethim to be the pickpocket3.blame n.3.blame n.过失；责备 vt vt.把归

8、咎于;指责1.1.Everyone Everyone put/laid the blame forput/laid the blame for that on that on me.me.2.2.The car driver The car driver took the blame fortook the blame for the the accident.accident.3.3.The headmaster wanted to find out who The headmaster wanted to find out who was to was to blame forblame

9、for the fire.the fire.归纳总结：归纳总结：put/lay the blame on put/lay the blame on 怪在身上blame sb./sth.for.blame sb./sth.for.因为责备某人/某物blame sth.on sb./sth.blame sth.on sb./sth.把某事 归咎于 某人/某物be to blame(for sth.)(be to blame(for sth.)(对某事)负有责任take/bear the blametake/bear the blame承担责任单句语法填空1-1(2019北京,阅读理解C改编,)Wh

10、o is to blame(blame)for the problem of robocalls?考查非谓语动词。句意:谁应该对自动语音电话问题负责?be to blame意为“应负责任;应受责备”,为固定搭配,其中不定式的主动形式表被动含义。1-2(2018江苏,阅读理解D,)Some social app companies were to blame (blame)because they didnt adequately check their users registration.考查非谓语动词。句意:一些社交应用程序公司应该受到责备,因为他们没有充分检查他们的用户的注册情况。be

11、to blame意为“应负责任;应受责备”,为固定搭配。1-3(2017课标全国,七选五,)Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morn-Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morn-ing,and put the blame ing,and put the blame onon the alarm clock.the alarm clock.考查介词。句意:很多人发现早上起床很难,并把责任推到闹钟上。put the blame on.为固定搭配,意为“把责任推到上”。1-4(2016课

12、标全国,完形填空改编,)I often had crazy dreams in which I was I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame to blame forfor Millers accident.Millers accident.考查介词。句意:我经常做疯狂的梦,梦到我要为Miller的事故负责。be to blame for sth.意为“对某事负有责任”,为固定搭配。1-5(While we cant change the body type we are born with,we cant blame our geW

13、hile we cant change the body type we are born with,we cant blame our genes nes forfor making us fat.making us fat.考查介词。句意:尽管我们无法改变与生俱来的体型,但我们也不能因为基因使我们肥胖就责备它们。blame sb./sth.for.意为“因为责备某人/某物”,为固定搭配。4.link n.4.link n.联系;纽带 vt.vt.把连接起来;相关联;挽住 The newly-built subway will The newly-built subway will link

14、link the airport the airport to to the city centre.the city centre.Yellow is generallyYellow is generally linked with linked with confidence,self-respect and friendlines confidence,self-respect and friendliness.s.In my opinion,there is a close In my opinion,there is a close link betweenlink between

15、teachers teachers andand students.students.归纳拓展1.1.link.to/with.link.to/with.把与连接/联系起来2.2.be linked to/with.be linked to/with.与有联系/关系 a link between.and.a link between.and.与之间的关系/联系 a rail/road/telephone link a rail/road/telephone link 铁路/公路/电话线单句语法填空2-1(20192-1(2019天津天津,阅读理解阅读理解C,C,)Most food webs,

16、for instance,consist of many weak)Most food webs,for instance,consist of many weak linkslinks(link)rather than a few strong ones.(link)rather than a few strong ones.考查名词的数。句意:例如,大多数食物网都是由许多微弱的联系而不是由一些牢固的联系组成的。分析句子结构可知,many weak 作介词of的宾语,且设空处有many修饰,故填links。2-2(20192-2(2019天津天津,阅读理解阅读理解C C改编改编,)When

17、a predator()When a predator(掠食动物掠食动物)always eats huge)always eats huge numbers of a single prey(numbers of a single prey(猎物猎物),the two species ),the two species are linkedare linked(link)strongly.(link)strongly.考查动词的时态和语态。句意:当一种掠食动物总是吃 的一种猎物时,这两个物种是紧密相连的。分析句子结构可知,设空处应填谓语动词,由语境可知用一般现在时,link与主句主语the t

18、wo species之间是被动关系,故填are linked。vt.&vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低5.decrease n5.decrease n减少；降低；减少量l There has been some decrease in imports.There has been some decrease in imports.l This species of bird is decreasing in number every year.This species of bird is decreasing in number every year.l They decreased

19、 the size of the group from 25 to 15They decreased the size of the group from 25 to 15【用法详解】1.1.a decrease in.a decrease in.的减少on the decreaseon the decrease在减少2.2.decrease(from.)to.(decrease(from.)to.(从)减少到(表示减少后的量)decrease by.decrease by.减少了(表示减少的量)decrease in.decrease in.在方面减少l【针对练习】l单句语法填空1.The

20、number of the students in each class is _ the decrease.2.The decrease_ sales was almost 20 percent.3.The production of wheat has decreased _20%because of the dry weather.4.The latest warm period has caused the number of glaciers to decrease _ 150 in 1850 to 26 today.【答案】(1)on(2)in(3)by(4)from6.trans

21、form vt.6.transform vt.使改观;使改变形态 vi.vi.改变;转变情景导学Water can transform a desert into an oasis.The way in which we work has undergone a complete transformation in the past decade.归纳拓展transform.into.把转变为 transformation n.改观;变化;转变transformer n.变压器单句语法填空单句语法填空3-1(20183-1(2018课标全国课标全国,阅读理解阅读理解B B改编改编,)The t

22、eam wants The team wants to transform to transform(transform)the familys long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tas(transform)the familys long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.ty recipes.考查非谓语动词。句意考查非谓语动词。句意:这个团队想用便宜但仍然美味的食谱改变家庭漫长的周这个团队想用便宜但仍然美味的食

23、谱改变家庭漫长的周末的庆祝活动。末的庆祝活动。want to do sth.want to do sth.意为意为“想要做某事想要做某事”。故填。故填to transformto transform。3-2(20183-2(2018北京北京,阅读理解阅读理解D,D,)But however long it takes,the technology has the)But however long it takes,the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities,for be

24、tter or for worsepotential to change our transportation systems and our cities,for better or for worse,depending on how the,depending on how the transformation transformation(transform)is regulated.(transform)is regulated.考查词性转换。句意考查词性转换。句意:但无论需要多长时间但无论需要多长时间,这项技术都有可能改变我们的交通体这项技术都有可能改变我们的交通体系和城市系和城市

25、,是变得更好还是更坏是变得更好还是更坏,取决于这种转变的管理方式。分析句子结构可知取决于这种转变的管理方式。分析句子结构可知,设空处在从句中作主语设空处在从句中作主语,故用名词故用名词transformationtransformation。7.defend vt.7.defend vt.保卫;防守;辩解情景导学All the police are trained to defend themselves from/against knife attacks.All the police are trained to defend themselves from/against knife a

26、ttacks.We should respect the soldiers who died in defense of our country.We should respect the soldiers who died in defense of our country.l 归纳拓展defend.against/from.defend.against/from.保护免受;针对为辩护/辩解 defence/defense n.defence/defense n.保卫;辩护a.a.in defense/defence of .in defense/defence of .保卫;为辩护a.a.

27、defensive adj.defensive adj.防御的;自卫的;戒备的单句语法填空5-1(2016四川,七选五,)They help the body defend itself They help the body defend itself against/fromagainst/from some kinds of infections.some kinds of infections.考查固定搭配。句意:它们帮助保护身体免受某些种类的感染。defend.against/from.意为“保护免受”。故填against或from。5-2(5-2()What was especial

28、ly important for Tims successful )What was especially important for Tims successful defensedefense(de-(de-fend)in the football game?fend)in the football game?考查名词。句意:什么对于Tim在足球比赛中的成功防守尤其重要?根据形容词successful可知此处应用名词。defense是名词,意为“防御”。故填defense。5-3(5-3()Body language can give away a lot about your mood,

29、so standing with)Body language can give away a lot about your mood,so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensivedefensive (defend).(defend).考查形容词。句意:肢体语言会泄露出你的很多情绪,所以抱臂而立可以传递出一个你正在戒备的信号。根据being可知此处应用形容词,

30、故填defensive。8.gifted adj.8.gifted adj.有天赋的;有天才的;天资聪慧的情景导学情景导学Mary is a girl who has a gift for painting and music.Mary is a girl who has a gift for painting and music.Even if you are gifted,you should also work hard to improve yourself.Even if you are gifted,you should also work hard to improve your

31、self.归纳拓展gift n.天赋;才能;礼物 have a gift for.有天赋a person with many gifts多才多艺的人单句语法填空9-1(2019课标全国,阅读理解B,)The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule,sends out emails,and collects money for end-of-season gifts(gift).考查名词的数。9-2(2018课标全国,阅读理解A,)Wander among a variety of shops sellingWander among a vari

32、ety of shops selling gifts gifts(gift)while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.(gift)while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.考查名词的数。句意:漫步在各种各样的卖礼品的商店之中,同时享受着现场音乐表演和精彩的街头娱乐活动。分析句子结构可知,设空处作selling的宾语,且由句意可知,此处应用名词复数gifts。9-3(2016课标全国,阅读理解D,)Frank Hurley,a c

33、onfident and Frank Hurley,a confident and giftedgifted (gift)Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic,was hired to make the im-(gift)Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic,was hired to make the im-ages,most of which have never before been published.ages,most of which have never before

34、been published.考查词性转换。句意:Frank Hurley是一位自信且有天赋的澳大利亚摄影师,他了解南极,被雇来拍摄这些照片,大部分这些照片之前从未发表过。分析句子结构可知,confident和设空处作定语修饰photographer,故填gifted。9.thanks to9.thanks to幸亏；由于状状语语表表语语定定语语说明说明thanks to“多亏”，指好的方面owing to可与due to互换due to一般不放在句首because of着重某个结果的原因l Thanks to his efforts,it is more successful than we

35、 have expected.Thanks to his efforts,it is more successful than we have expected.l They decided to lend him the money owing to/due to/because of his good They decided to lend him the money owing to/due to/because of his good reputation.reputation.l【针对练习】l单句语法填空1.1.Thanks _ the timely rain,the crops

36、were saved.Thanks _ the timely rain,the crops were saved.l辨析填词：thanks to/due to/because of/owing tothanks to/due to/because of/owing to2.2.He was out of work _ a physical injury.He was out of work _ a physical injury.3.3.Most of the problems were _ human error.Most of the problems were _ human error

37、.4.4._your help,I got the position advertised in the _your help,I got the position advertised in the newspaper.newspaper.5.5.The town was cut off from the rest of the world_ The town was cut off from the rest of the world_ heavy snow.heavy snow.【答案】(1)to(2)due to/owing to/because of 3.due to/owing t

38、o四Thanks to/Owing to/Because of 5.due to/owing to/because of10.break out(10.break out(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始;爆发On the way to the station,my car broke down.The water was covered with ice,which could sometimes break up without any warning.The soldiers quickly broke through the enemys defence works.l归纳拓展bre

39、ak away(from.)(从)离开/脱离break down (机器等)出故障;(身体等)垮掉;打破;分解a.break into 强行闯入;突然开始(笑、唱等)a.break through 冲破;突破;克服;战胜a.break up 破碎;打散;拆分;解散单句语法填空4-1(2018北京,阅读理解C,)Federica Bertocchini,co-author of the study,says Federica Bertocchini,co-author of the study,says the worms ability to break the worms ability t

40、o break downdown their everyday foodbeeswaxalso al-their everyday foodbeeswaxalso al-lows them to break down plastic.lows them to break down plastic.句意:这项研究的合著者Federica Bertocchini说,这种幼虫分解它们每日(所吃)的食物蜂蜡的能力也使它们能分解塑料。break down意为“分解”。故填down。4-2(2017浙江,完形填空,)Her friends came to help her when the war bro

41、ke Her friends came to help her when the war broke out out.句意:战争爆发时,她的朋友来帮助她。break out意为“爆发”。故填 out。11.assistant n.11.assistant n.助手;助理情景导学We will assist you in finding somewhere to live.Whats wrong with you?Can I be of assistance?With the assistance of his brother,the scientist finished the researc

42、h successfully.teaching assistant助教 assistant manager助理经理 assistance n.帮助;协助;援助 medical/technical assistance医疗援助/技术支持 with the assistance of.在的帮助下 assist sb.in doing sth./assist sb.to do sth./assist sb.in/with sth.帮助某人做某事6-2(2019浙江,阅读理解B,)Young couples needed financial assistance (assist).考查词性转换。句意:

43、年轻夫妇需要财务援助。分析句子可知,financial是形容词,作定语,所以设空处应填名词assistance。6-3(2016课标全国,阅读理解D,)A nurse who understands the healing(治愈)value of silence can use this understanding to assist(assist)in the care of pa-tients from their own and from other cultures.考查非谓语动词。句意:理解沉默的治疗价值的护士可以利用这种理解来帮助照顾来自他们自己和其他文化(背景)的病人。use.t

44、o do sth.意为“使用做某事”,故填to assist。12.in charge of 12.in charge of 主管;掌管情景导学Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the programme?I like to go to the stores where delivery is free of charge.How much did the garage charge for repairing the car?一charge n.负责,掌管;收费;指控;充电量 in charge of.负责/掌管 in the

45、 charge of.由负责/掌管 take charge of.接管 free of charge 免费地 二charge v.收费;指控;充电 charge(sb./sth.)for sth.因(向)收费 charge sb.with(doing)sth.控告某人(做)某事单句语法填空7-1(2019课标全国,阅读理解C改编,)At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny,and usually two or three cents was charged(charge).考查动词的时态和语态。句意:起初,单份的价格很少是一分钱,通常要收两三分钱。分析句子结构可知,设空处作谓语,由语境可知用一般过去时,且two or three cents与charge之间为被动关系,故填 was charged。7-2(2017江苏,26,)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to$20,half of which it used to charge(charge).考查非谓语动词。句意:我们选择这家旅馆是因为这里一晚的价格降到了20美元,是它以前收费的一半。used to do.意为“过去常常做”。