高考英语完型填空课件.ppt

1、为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多多?1.1.没有严格遵循答题步骤没有严格遵循答题步骤:多数同学考试时担心时间紧多数同学考试时担心时间紧,在没有弄清在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题.事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到15-1815-18分分钟钟.切记切记:一定要用一定要用2-32-3分钟时间进行缺词阅读分钟时间进行缺词阅读,弄清弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空.2.2.不注意积累答题技巧不注意积累答题技巧:a.a.忽略文章中

2、上下文之间的照应关系忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;b.b.遇到长句不注意分析句子结构遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择.完形填空的解题步骤 考纲解读考纲解读 完形填空是一种综合测试，涉及的知识面很广，是用来测试考生的阅读理解能力和综合应用语言的能力。具体表现在以下几个方面：(1)词语辨析能力(2)语法结构分析能力(3)语篇理解能力(4)逻辑推理能力(5)文化背景透析能力(6)作者意图剖析能力(7)生活常识综合运用能力词汇题词汇题高考完形高考完形 填空考什么？填空考什么？篇章结构篇章结构 句际关系句际关系完型填空考查内容完型

3、填空考查内容语篇信息语篇信息词汇手段词汇手段语法手段语法手段逻辑手段逻辑手段 复复 现现 同同 现现 替替 代代 省省 略略 顺序关系顺序关系 并列关系并列关系 分指关系分指关系 转折关转折关系系 解释关系解释关系 因果关系因果关系语篇结构（语境理解）语篇结构（语境理解）语法项目语法项目Problem solving strategies上下文语境（上下文语境（context)常识背景常识背景（common sense）习惯搭配习惯搭配（phrases&idioms）词义辨析词义辨析（comparison）语法分析语法分析（grammar analysis)逻辑分析逻辑分析(logical a

4、nalysis)排除法排除法（exclusive method）灵活的解题技巧灵活的解题技巧专题一专题一 记叙文型完形填空记叙文型完形填空专题一专题一 专题导读专题导读 1了解文章的结构形式 通常为了叙述方便，作者会按时间先后顺序或空间顺序等方式来安排情节和内容。其优点是条理清楚，层次分明。读者也较容易理解和接受。但是有时为了突出某个情节或为了增加阅读趣味，或为了其他目的，作者可能会采用插叙，甚至倒叙的写作手法。弄清了文章篇章信息的分布情况，有助于抓住文章的主线，理清文章的脉络。专题一专题一 专题导读专题导读 2知晓文章所记叙的几大要素知晓文章所记叙的几大要素为了使读者清楚地了解一件事的起因、

5、经过和结局，作者就有为了使读者清楚地了解一件事的起因、经过和结局，作者就有必要在记叙文中将事件、人物、时间、地点、原因和结果等要必要在记叙文中将事件、人物、时间、地点、原因和结果等要素讲清楚。这六个要素是记叙文的基本组成部分，一般不能缺素讲清楚。这六个要素是记叙文的基本组成部分，一般不能缺少。弄清了这六个要素，基本上就理解了整篇文章。少。弄清了这六个要素，基本上就理解了整篇文章。专题一专题一 专题导读专题导读 3弄清文章是以第几人称的视角展开记叙的弄清文章是以第几人称的视角展开记叙的 通常英语记叙文展开记叙的视角有两个：通常英语记叙文展开记叙的视角有两个：第一人称和第三人称。用第一人称就是从第

6、一人称和第三人称。用第一人称就是从“参与者参与者”的角的角度进行记叙，读者可从字里行间感受到作者亲切的态度和深厚度进行记叙，读者可从字里行间感受到作者亲切的态度和深厚的感情。用第三人称就是以的感情。用第三人称就是以“观察者观察者”的身份展开叙述，作者的身份展开叙述，作者的语气客观，与读者保持着一定的距离，读者的注意力更多集的语气客观，与读者保持着一定的距离，读者的注意力更多集中在故事本身。了解了作者的写作角度有助于我们走进作者的中在故事本身。了解了作者的写作角度有助于我们走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的意义。思维，深入理解文章的意义。（08江西）江西）The three youths leane

7、d over the metal rails along the sea-wall and watched a few fishermen pull in their nets.About thirty metres away,a boat pulled alongside the slippery steps leading 36 to the sea.“Hey,look!”exclaimed Rahim.“Those two men are 37 heavy rocks.I thought we no longer do muscle labour in this technologica

8、l 38 .”“you dont 39 a crane(起重起重机机)to unload less than a dozen rocks,do you?”smiled Joshua.“But those men dont 40 to have muscles at all,”said Michael,rather surprised.Joshua smiled.“They are 41 laborers who know how to spread the weight of the rocks they 42 .See how the man positions the rock just

9、at the slope of his 43 .36.A.through B.across C.down D.up37.A.loading B.unloading C.covering D.uncovering 38.A.way B.revolution C.process D.era39.A.ask B.expect C.attempt D.hope40.A.happen B.fail C.have D.seem41.A.ambitious B.experienced C.potential D.energetic 42.A.take B.fetch C.carry D.bring43.A.

10、shoulder B.back C.chest D.arms原词重现原词重现语境语境理解理解词义词义用法用法排除法排除法语境语境-词义词义词义辨析词义辨析常识常识 Some of the rocks weight is set 44 his head,some on the right hand and some on the left hand.His body isnt bent.His legs are well 45 .”“Youre right,Josh.He may have a small build.46 he certainly well knows his job.Dear

11、 me!And to think we have been studying 47 !”Rahim thought about all that was happening.Suddenly,he said,“Technology wont 48 the human being completely,it appears.”“I dont think it will.”49 Joshua.“You can harvest a crop of potatoes or wheat with one of those large,multi-purpose tractors,but you 50 u

12、se that equipment to harvest lea leaves and tomatoes,will you?”44.A.on B.against C.toward D.under 45.A.supported B.grasped C.placed D.strengthened 46.A.but B.however C.so D.therefore 47.A.chemistry B.physics C.biology D.psychology 48.A.control B.affect C.remove D.replace49.A.agreed B.proposed C.refu

13、sed D.denied50.A.cant B.mustnt C.wont D.neednt常识常识 词义词义词义辨析词义辨析转折关系转折关系语境理解语境理解词义词义语境语境语境语境原词重现原词重现 “You can get a computer to 51 multiple-choice assessments,but you cannot get the computer to produce of assess essays,can you?”asked Michael.“Well,the washing machine leaves my shirt collar quite as 5

14、2 as ever-thats domestic technology for you!”said Rahim.“One day,perhaps,there wont be anybody 53 who can carry a large rock the way those men do.Its not going to be a very 54 world,Im afraid.”Sighed Michael.“Youre too much of a pessimist(悲观主义者悲观主义者)，Mike.”Said Joshua.“55 will always be other things

15、 that will make the world exciting.”51.A.point out B.take out C.hand out D.print out 52.A.dirty B.clean C.old D.new 53.A.caught B.arranged C.left D.convinced 54.A.exciting B.mysterious C.technological D.modern 55.A.That B.This C.They D.There常识常识常识常识-语境语境词义词义-句型句型原原词词重重现现固定句型固定句型 (08江苏江苏)Evelyn Glenn

16、ie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland.In an interview,she recalled how she became a percussion soloist(打击乐器打击乐器独奏演员独奏演员)in spite of her disability.“Early on I decided not to allow the 36 of others to stop me from becoming a musician.I grew up on a farm in northeast Scotland and began

17、37 piano lessons when I was eight.The older I got,the more my passion(酷爱酷爱)for music grew.But I also began to gradually lose my 38 .Doctors concluded that the nerve damage was the 39 and by age twelve,I was completely deaf.But my love for music never 40 me.”“My 41 was to become a percussion soloist,

18、even though there were none at that time.To perform,I 42 to hear music differently from others.36.A.conditions B.opinions C.actions D.recommendations37.A.enjoying B.choosing C.taking D.giving38.A.sight B.hearing C.touch D.taste39.A.evidence B.result C.excuse D.cause40.A.left B.excited C.accompanied

19、D.disappointed41.A.purposeB.decision C.promise D.goal42.A.turned B.learned C.used D.ought I play in my stocking feet and can 43 the pitch of a note(音音调高低调高低)by the vibrations(振动振动)I feel through my body and through my 44 .My entire sound world exists by making use of almost every 45 that I have.”“I

20、was 46 to be assessed as a musician,not as a deaf musician,and I applied to the famous Royal Academy of Music in London.No other deaf student had 47 this before and some teachers 48 my admission.Based on my performance,43.A.tell B.see C.Hear D.smell44.A.carefulness B.movement C.imagination D.experie

21、nce45.A.sense B.effort C.feelingD.idea46.A.dissatisfied B.astonished C.determinedD.discouraged47.A.done B.acceptedC.advised D.admitted48.A.supportedB.followed C.requiredD.opposed I was 49 admitted and went on to 50 with the academys highest honours.”“After that,I established myself as the first full

22、-time solo percussionist.I 51 and arranged a lot of musical compositions since 52 had been written specially for solo percussionists.”“I have been a soloist for over ten years.53 the doctor thought I was totally deaf,it didnt 54 that my passion couldnt be realized.I would encourage people not to all

23、ow themselves to be 55 by others.Follow your passion;follow your heart.They will lead you to the place you want to go.”49.A.usually B.finally C.possibly D.hopefully50.A.study B.research C.graduate D.progress51.A.wrote B.translated C.copied D.read52.A.enough B.some C.many D.few53.A.However B.Although C.When D.Since54.A.mean B.seem C.conclude D.say55.A.directed B.guided C.taught D.limitedAnswers:36.B 37.C 38.B 39.D 40.A 41.D 42.B 43.A 44.C 45.A 46.C 47.A 48.D 49.B 50.C 51.A 52.D 53.B 54.A 55.D