高考英语翻译课件.ppt

1、.1高考翻译Translation.2从高考例子中透析常设考点 20032003年高考：那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘出它的美丽。（itit）Its very hardIts very hard for those who havent been to the small village to describe its beauty.2003 2003年高考：勤洗手是避免疾病传染的有效方法之一。（infectinfect）Washing hands oftenWashing hands often/frequently/regularly is one of the effective w

2、ays to avoid being infected by disease(s).20042004年高考：这个游戏规则太复杂，三言两语理解不清。（toototooto）The rules of the game are too complicated totoo complicated to explain/be explained in a few words.2005 2005年高考：你最好乘出租车去电影节的开幕式，不然就要吃到了。(or)(or)Youd better go to the opening ceremony of the Film Festival by taxi,oro

3、r you will be late.2001 2001年高考：我们的祖国从来没有像今天这样强大过。（NeverNever）Never Never before has Our country been so powerful as it is today.2000 2000年高考：我们利用这次长假去香港旅游 （take advantage of take advantage of）Lets take advantage oftake advantage of the long vacation and make a trip to Hong Kong.2002 2002年高考：如果方便的话，

4、请帮我从邮局取回包裹。(convenient)(convenient)If(it is)convenientIf(it is)convenient,please fetch me the parcel from the post office/please go to the post office and fetch me the parcel.2000 2000年高考：众所周知，成功来自勤奋，不努力则一事无成。（withoutwithout）As we all know,As we all know,success comes/results from hard work;without

5、efforts nothing can without efforts nothing can be done/achieved.be done/achieved.3 形式主语或形式宾语it 动名词作主语 句型结构 连词 倒装句型 动词或动词短语 中英文化差异各类从句成语英译.4 那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘出它的美丽。（it）It is very hardIt is very hard for those who havent been to the small village to describe its beauty.我发现很难与那些一贯固执己见的人合作。（it）I find i

6、tit hard/it is hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.51、Its+adj.+of/for sb.to do sth.Eg.Its so careless of you to make so many spelling mistakes in the English exam2、It so happened that Eg.It so happened that I didnt have any money on me.3、Its reported/believed/estimate

7、d that Its estimated that about 30 passengers were killed in the bus accident.4、在强调句it is+that 中 Eg.Its because of his perseverance that led to his late success.5、在含有某些形容词的句子中，如important，necessary，impossible,natural,common,strange等。6、Its likely that Eg.Its likely that John wont come though he has pr

8、omised do.6Practice:/More examples约翰来拜访我时我碰巧不在家。（so happenso happen）It so happened that I wasnt at home when John come to visit me.据报道，飞机失事是由引擎故障引起的。（reportreport）It is reported that the failure in the engines led to the air crash.他清楚地表明在任何情况下他是不会屈服的。（give ingive in）He has made it clear that he wont

9、 give in under any circumstances.你要记住十点前你必须回家。（keepkeep）Keep it in mind that you have to be back home before ten.据估计，将有5050多万国内外客人来参观20102010年上海世博会。（ItIt）It is estimated that more than 500,000 visitor from home and abroad will join the 2010 Shanghai Expo 我们已定好了规矩，开会吃到的要罚款。（itit）We have made it a rul

10、e that those who are late for the meeting will be fined.我很讨厌人们满嘴食物时大声说话。（hatehate）I hate it when a people speak loudly with their mouths full of food.汤姆很有可能乘错车了，否则他应该到了。（ItIt）Its likely that Tom has taken the wrong bus,or he would be here by now.我可以肯定是他偷走了我的钱包。（itthatitthat）I m sure that it is he wh

11、o has stolen my wallet.众所周知，中国是个发展中国家。（ItIt）Its known to all that China is a developing country.7历届高考1.我们打篮球的时间到了。（It，time（08上海）2.你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会吗？(It，possible)（08上海）3.据报道这种野生植物含有丰富的维生素。(It)（07上海）4.躺在草地上听音乐真是惬意。(It)（06 上海）5.我发现很难与那些一贯固执己见的人合作。（it）（05上海）6.那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘出它的美丽。(It)（03上海）.87.保护环境是每个公民的

12、职责。(It)（02上海）8.我没有想到汤姆会被选为学生会主席。（occur）（02 上海）9.如果方便的话，请帮我从邮局取回包裹。(it，convenient)（02上海）10.就我所知，在那座小城市里购物很方便。(as far as，it)11.众所周知，吸烟会导致多种疾病。(it，cause)12.人们发现越来越难跟上现代科学的发展。(it，keep up with).91。It is time for us to play basketball.2。Is it possible for you to attend my birthday party this evening?3。It

13、is reported/said that this wild plant is rich in/contains/has a lot of vitamins.4。It is pleasant lying on the grass and enjoying the music.5。I find it(is)hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.6。It is very hard for those who havent been to the small village to describe i

14、ts beauty.107。I find it hard/it is hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.8。It never occurred/didnt occur to me that Tom would/should be elected/made chairman of the Students Union.9。If(it is)convenient,please fetch me the parcel from the post office/please go to the pos

15、t office and fetch me the parcel.10。As far as I know,it is convenient to do shopping in that small city.11。It is known to all that smoking can cause many diseases.12。People find it harder and harder to keep up with the development of modern science.11动名词作主语 1.勤洗手是避免疾病传染的有效方法之一。(infect)Washing hands

16、often/frequently/regularly is one of the effective ways to avoid being infected by diseases.2.充分利用时间并不意味着从早到晚不停地看书。(make full use of time)Making full use of time doesnt mean keeping on reading books from morning till night.3.长时间看电视有损视力。(do harm)watching too much TV does harm to ones eyes./Watching T

17、V for a long time does harm to ones eyes.12Practice:/More examples1 1、丢失那条名贵的项链使玛丽很不开心。（makemake）Losing the expensive necklace made Mary very sad.2 2、广泛阅读是扩大词汇量的最有效途径之一。(enlarge)(enlarge)Reading widely/extensively is one of the most effective ways to enlarge our vocabulary.3 3、定期复习课文可以使我们更好地掌握已学的知识。

18、（enableenable）Reviewing/going over the texts regularly enables us to know better what we have learned.4 4、晚饭后看一会儿电视已成了我长期养成的一个习惯。（habithabit）Watching TV for a while after supper has been my long established habit.5 5、吃太多的甜食容易使人发胖。（likelylikely）Eating too much sweet is likely to make one fat.6 6、饭后散一

19、会儿步有益健康。（do good todo good to）Taking a walk for a while after meals does good to us.7 7、大量砍伐树木已经对生态平衡带来了严重影响。（upsetupset）Cutting down trees in large amount has greatly upset the balance of nature.8 8、照看婴儿是一项很累的活（tasktask）Taking care of babies is a tiring task.9 9、听愉快的音乐有助于从疲劳中恢复过来。（helphelp）Listenin

20、g to pleasant music helps to keep us refreshed.1010、大量服用这种药会产生副作用。（effecteffect）Taking this medicine too much will cause side effect.13历届高考1。和园丁们一起工作让我们学到许多关于花卉的知识。(enable)（07上海）2。多吃蔬菜和水果有益健康。(good)（05上海）3。勤洗手是避免疾病传染的有效方法之一。(infect)（03 上海）4。早睡早起有益于健康。(do good to)（01上海）5。集邮几乎占据了他所有的业余时间。(occupy)（2000

21、，上海）6。充分利用时间并不意为着从早到晚不停地看书。(keep)（99上海）.141。Working with the gardeners enables/enabled us to learn a lot of/gain/get/obtain a lot of knowledge about flowers.2。Eating/Having more vegetables and fruits/fruit does good for ones health3。Washing hands often/frequently/regularly is one of the effective wa

22、ys to avoid being infected by disease(s).4。Going to bed early and getting up early does good to your health.5。Collecting stamps occupies almost all his spare time.6。Making full use of time doesnt mean keeping(on)reading books from morning till night.(To make use of doesnt mean to).15句型结构 1.很多人身体有疾病时

23、才认识到保持健康的重要性。(notuntil)Many people are not aware of the importance of being healthy until they are ill.2.这部有关第一次世界大战的历史小说引人入胜，我简直爱不释手。(sothat)The historical novel about World War I is so attractive that I cant bear to put it down.16Practice:/More examples1 1、这个练习太难，没几个人能做对。（sothatsothat）The exercise

24、 was so difficult that few people were able to work it out successfully.2 2、他下决心不再依赖父母，要靠自己用双手谋生。（notbutnotbut）He made up his mind not to depend on his parents any more,but to make a living on his own.3 3、玛丽把开门的钥匙丢了，只好在屋外等她妈妈。（do nothing butdo nothing but）Mary could do nothing but wait for her mothe

25、r outside the house,as she had lost her key to the door.4 4、她身体太弱，没法从事这样艰苦的工作。（toototooto）She is too weak to take up the demanding job.5 5、与阅读一样，听力在语言学习过程中也起着重要作用。（asasasas）Listening is s important as reading in the course of language learning.6 6、人们普遍认为，用脑越多，智力越活跃。（the morethe morethe morethe more）

26、Its generally believed that the more our brains are used,the more active our intelligence will be.7 7、正是在这个小城里，他度过了幸福的童年。（It is thatIt is that）It is in this small town that he spent his happy childhood.8 8、这位作家生活在1818世纪6060年代，但他的作品到9090年代才流行。（notuntilnotuntil）The writer lived in the 1760s,but his wo

27、rks didnt become popular until the 90s.9 9、他是鉴定书法的高手，自己也写得一手好字。（not onlybut alsonot onlybut also）He is not only an expert on calligraphy evaluation but also is skilled in calligraphy.1010、过了若干年那个事件的真相才被揭示出来。（ItbeforeItbefore）It is a couple of years before the truth behind the event was released.17历届

28、高考1。遇到困难的时侯，我们需要的不是彼此的埋怨，而是相互帮助。(not but)（07上海）2。你最好乘出租车去电影节的开幕式，不 然就要迟到了。(or)(05 上海）3。这个游戏的规则太复杂，三言两语解释不清。(too to)（04上海）4。直到被送入手术室时，他才明白遵守交通规则的重要性。(not until).18 5.这部有关第一次世界大战的历史小说引人入胜，我简直爱不释手。(so that)(03上海)6.如果队员之间不加强配合，我校篮球队就不可能在决赛中战胜对手。(unless)(02上海)7.你一旦养成了坏习惯，改掉它是很难的。(once)(2000上海)8.尽管有很多困难，我

29、们仍将努力执行我们的计划。(in spite of)(2000上海).19历届高考 1.When(we are)in difficulty/When we meet with/have difficulties,what we need is not the blame each other but to help each other.（notbut)2.Youd better go to the opening ceremony of the Film Festival by taxi,or you will be late.(or)3.The rules of the game are

30、too complicated to explain/be explained in a few words.4.He didnt realize the importance of observing/following/keeping/carrying/out the traffic regulations/rules until he was sent into the operating room.20The historical novel about/describing World War I/the First World War is so attractive that I

31、 cant hear(to do)/stand parting with it/putting it down(back,aside)/leaving it aside.Our school basketball team will not beat the opponents in the final match/final(s)unless the team members strengthen their cooperation/cooperate well each other.Once you form/get into a bad habit,its very difficult

32、to get rid of/get out of it.21连词 1.我们将作进一步的讨论，然后再作出最终结论。(before)We will have a further discussion before we draw a final conclusion)2.如果队员之间不加强配合，我校篮球队不可能在决赛中战胜对手。(unless)Our school basketball team will not beat the opponents in the final match unless the team.members strengthen their cooperation we

33、ll with each other.22Practice:/More examples1 1、你不说我根本不知道这件事。（untiluntil）I didnt know it at all until you told me about it.2 2、过了许多年他才知道谁在他困难的时候帮助了他。（beforebefore）It was many years before he knew who had helped him when he was in trouble.3 3、动动脑筋，否则你就会上他的当。（oror）Use your head,or youll be cheated by

34、him4 4、纽约是国际大都市，那里你会遇见形形色色的人。（whilewhile）New York is an international city,where you are likely to meet different people5 5、你一旦养成了坏习惯，改掉它是很难的。（onceonce）Once you get into a bad habit,its very difficult to get rid of it.6 6、我读了这本书才对香港的历史有了更多的了解。（not untilnot until）didnt know much about the history of

35、Hong Kong until I read this book.237 7、不说出事实真相我是不会让你走的。（unlessunless）I wont let you go unless you tell me the truth.8 8、要是你去那个城市走走，你会发现那儿的情况比想象的更糟。（andand）Go around the city and you will know the situation there is worse than expected9 9、只要你努力，即使不成功也不会责怪你的。(as long(as long as)as)You are not to blame

36、 even if you fail as long as you have tried your best.1010、我们正在欣赏扣人心弦的足球赛，突然天下起了大雨。（whenwhen）We were enjoying the exciting football match when it(suddenly)rained heavily.24倒装句型 1.我们的祖国从来没有象今天这样强大。（Never）Never before has our country been so powerful as it is today.2他亲自到了中国后才意识到他对中国的了解是何等肤浅。(Only)Only

37、 when he came to china himself did he realize how poor his knowledge of the country was.25Practice:/More examples读报之前我对这起事件一无所知。（Not untilNot until）Not until I read the newspaper did I know anything about the event.我刚出门就想起把钥匙忘在卧室了。（No soonerNo sooner）No sooner had I left home than I realized that I

38、had left my keys in the bedroom.尽管对南极进行了不少科学考察，我们对它还知之甚少。（LittleLittle）Little have we known about the Antarctic in spite of scientific research work there.到了那里你才会知道那儿的景色真是妙不可言。（OnlyOnly）Only when you go there will you know how fantastic the scenery there is.他一生中从未离开过他出生成长的家乡。（NeverNever）Never in his

39、 life did he leave his hometown,where he was born and brought up.26 这件事我一无所知，我也不关心此事。（nornor）I know nothing about it,nor do I care about it.不懂规则你几乎无法欣赏这种比赛。（HardlyHardly）Hardly can you appreciate the match without knowing the rules about it.你很少会见到他发脾气。（SeldomSeldom）Seldom do you see him lose his tem

40、per.他一穿上外衣就匆忙朝银行方向走去。（Hardly hadHardly had）Hardly had he put on his overcoat when he went in the direction of the bank in a hurry.无论如何你都不允许把这个秘密透露给任何人。（In no In no circumstancecircumstance）In no circumstances are you allowed to tell anyone the secret.27历届高考 倒装1。这小孩太调皮，使得他那忙于工作的父母常常心烦意乱。(So)（06上海）2。我

41、们的祖国从来没有像今天这样强大。(Never)（01上海）.281。So naughty is the child that he often upsets his parents who are busy with their work.2。Never before has our country been so powerful as it is today.29动词或动词短语 1.这张照片使我想起了我们在夏令营里度过的日子。(remind)The photo reminds me of the days we spent in the summer camp.2.说老实话，我真后悔没能帮

42、助他摆脱困境。(regret)To tell the truth,I really regret not being able to help him out of the trouble.30 纵观历届高考翻译题型，每题的考核点始终保持在2至3个之间。在所有考核点中，短语的地位最为重要。基本上在每次考试中，考短语的考核点都占总考核点的一半左右。而在对短语的考核中，动词短语的地位是不言而喻的。高考的短语，十有八九考的是动词短语。.311 1、应该鼓励学生将课堂上所学的知识用于实践中去。（apply）Students should be encouraged to apply what they

43、 have learned in class to practice.2 2、不遵守交通规则的人将受到严惩。（failfail）Those who fail to observe traffic regulations will be severely punished.3 3、过海关时，所有的行李都得接受检查。（checkcheck）When one is passing the customs,all his luggage is to be checked.4 4、超市向顾客提供成千上万价美物廉的的商品。（provideprovide）Supermarkts provide their

44、customers with thousands of products in low price and fine quality.5 5、你打算毕业后从事与你父母一样的职业吗？（intendintend）Are you intended to follow your parents carrer?.326 6、你提到的那本书已经脱销了。（referrefer）The book you referred to is out of stock now.7 7、许多顾客向饭店经理投诉该店糟糕的服务。（complaincomplain）Many diners complained to the r

45、estaurant manager about the poor service there.8 8、随着经济的发展，现在许多家庭都买得起小轿车。（affordafford）With the development of economy,nowadays many families can afford(to buy)cars.9 9、已经采取了新措施来防止这种疾病蔓延。（preventprevent）New measures have been taken to prevent this kind of disease(from)spreading.1010、这起事故究竟是如何发生的至今仍然

46、是个迷。It still remains a mystery how on earth the accident occurred.336 6、你提到的那本书已经脱销了。（referrefer）The book you referred to is out of stock now.7 7、许多顾客向饭店经理投诉该店糟糕的服务。（complaincomplain）Many diners complained to the restaurant manager about the poor service there.8 8、随着经济的发展，现在许多家庭都买得起小轿车。（affordafford

47、）With the development of economy,nowadays many families can afford(to buy)cars.9 9、已经采取了新措施来防止这种疾病蔓延。（preventprevent）New measures have been taken to prevent this kind of disease(from)spreading.1010、这起事故究竟是如何发生的至今仍然是个迷。It still remains a mystery how on earth the accident occurred.34中英文化差异 1.如果方便的话，请帮

48、我从邮局取回包裹。（convenient）If it is convenient(to you),please fetch me the parcel from the post office.2.这本字典在所有的书店都买得到。(available).35注意中英文句型表达的区别，避免产生中国式英语用中文来思维和表达的方式和用英文来思维和表达有着很大的差异，因此做中译英时，不能按照中国人的习惯表达方式或一字一句按照中文语句的顺序来翻译，否则就会产生不伦不类的中国式英语。所以我们要按照英语的习惯，准确地将中文的意思用英文表达出来。中文连词与英语连词中文的连词可以成双成对地使用，但是在英语中，只能

49、用其中的一个。例1 这个地区的经济发展很快，可是某些市民的素质还不尽如人意。(quality)（2001年上海高考）全句译为：Although the economy in this area is developing rapidly,the qualities of some citizens are still not satisfactory.在中文中“虽然”和“但是”可以成对出现，但在英文句子中，although和but只能取其一，但although可以与yet连用。例2 因为打火机会引起火灾，所以应被放置在儿童够不着的地方。(out of ones reach)全句译为：Becau

50、se the lighters can cause fires,they should be kept out of childrens reach.中文句子里的连词“因为所以”能成对出现，但是英语中却只能用一个，即because和so不能连用。.362.中文的“有”与there be句型英文里的“有”不是都能翻译成have的,如果是“客观的存在”要用there be句型.例3 房子里有两间小房间，较小的那间做厨房用。(serve)全句译为:There are two small rooms in the house,the smaller of which serves as a kitch