宾语从句详解课件.ppt

1、可编辑ppt1GrammarNoun clauses as the object and predicative 名词性从句名词性从句 宾语宾语 表语表语Unit3可编辑ppt2英语句子的种类英语句子的种类简单句简单句 (simple sentence)并列句并列句(compound sentence)复合句复合句(complex sentence)英语句子概论英语句子概论可编辑ppt3简单句的五种简单句的五种基本基本句型句型The weather is very cold.主语主语+谓语（连系动词）谓语（连系动词）+表语表语He laughed.主语主语+谓语（谓语（vi.）I like C

2、hinese food.主语主语+谓语谓语(vt.)+宾语宾语She taught them physics.主语主语+谓语谓语(vt.)+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语We must keep the room warm.主语主语+谓语谓语(vt.)+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语 可编辑ppt41.Youd better start early,or you will be late.2.Jim studied hard all the time,and he passed the exam scuccessfully.3.I know where he lives,but I don

3、t know the exact address.4.I have never heard of the book,so I know nothing about it.并列句并列句:简单句简单句+andorbutso+简单句简单句可编辑ppt5复合句复合句:主句主句+从句从句 名词名词性从句性从句 定语从句定语从句 状语从句状语从句1.The boy who is standing over there is Tom.2.Because it is raining,we have to stay at home.定语从句定语从句 状语从句状语从句3.I know(that)he is fro

4、m America.（宾语从句）（宾语从句）名词名词性从句性从句-可编辑ppt6Wangcai is a dog that/which can guard house.Ill never forget the day when the earthquake happened.定语从句定语从句可编辑ppt71.She wondered if the buses would still be running.2.The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句 在功能上相当于名词在

5、功能上相当于名词,在复合句中能担任在复合句中能担任主主语、宾语、表语、同位语语、宾语、表语、同位语等等名词性从句：名词性从句：可编辑ppt8Object Clauses 宾语从句宾语从句可编辑ppt9什么是什么是宾语宾语？I know him.Do you have the time?Why dont you pay attention to me?I enjoy working with you.宾语宾语位于谓语动词或者介词后位于谓语动词或者介词后可编辑ppt10 I know him.2.I know who he is.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾 语

6、语 从从 句句连接词连接词从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）句子做宾语就是宾语从句句子做宾语就是宾语从句，跟在及物动词或介词后，跟在及物动词或介词后句子结构：句子结构：主句主句 +连接词（引导词）连接词（引导词）+宾语从句宾语从句可编辑ppt11 宾语从句三要素宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语 序序时时 态态句子类型句子类型 that陈述句陈述句一般疑问句一般疑问句If/whether（是否）（是否）特殊疑问词特殊疑问词特殊疑问句特殊疑问句可编辑ppt12一、连接词（引导词）一、连接词（引导词）1.当宾语从句是当宾语从句是陈述句陈述句时（包括肯

7、定句和时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词否定句），连词由由that引导引导，因为，因为that在从在从句中句中不作任何成分不作任何成分，也，也没有任何具体意思没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略常省略vLin Tao feels(that)his own team is even better.vShe says(that)she wont take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.可编辑ppt13宾语从句中的连接词宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下在以下三种情况下不能省略：不能省略：（1）当）当that 从

8、句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个第二个that不能省不能省；（2）当）当that作作介词宾语介词宾语时，时，that不可省掉。不可省掉。（3）用）用it做形式宾语做形式宾语的宾语从句的宾语从句Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.可编辑ppt142.当宾语当宾

9、语从句是一般疑问句从句是一般疑问句时，由连词时，由连词whether或或if引导，引导，“是否是否”，不能省略，不能省略vLily wanted to know if/whether her grandma liked the handbag.vLets see if/whether we can find out some information about that city.可编辑ppt15a.当有当有or not时就用时就用whether,不用不用if.I dont know whether or not I will stay.b.介词介词后面的宾语从句不能用后面的宾语从句不能用if

10、.I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.注意注意 whether和和if的使用区别的使用区别可编辑ppt16Practice timeif/whether1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2.Were worried about _ he is safe.3.I dont know _ he is well or not.4.I dont know _ or not he is well.if/whetherwhetherwhetherwhether可编辑ppt173.当宾语从句是当宾语从句是特殊疑问句特殊疑问句时，由时，

11、由疑问词疑问词（what,who,whom,which；whose；when,where,how,why等等）引导，因为疑问词在）引导，因为疑问词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以意义，所以不可以省略不可以省略vDo you know what he said just now?vI dont remember when/where we arrived.v I asked him where/how/why I could get so much money.v Please tell me who whomwhat we have to s

12、ee.可编辑ppt18二、时态二、时态1.1.如果如果主句是现在的时态主句是现在的时态 ，从句的时态可根从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过，（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）vI know he lives here .(live)vI know he lived here ten years ago.(live)vI have heard that he will come tomorrow.(come)可编辑ppt192.如果主句是过去的时态如果主句是过去的时态，那么从句的时那么从句的时态一定要用相

13、对应的过去的某种时态态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，将来时，过去完成时）过去完成时）I knew who lived here.(live)I saw she was talking with her mother.(talk with)He was wondering whether his father would come back tomorrow.(come back)He said that he had seen it.(see)可编辑ppt203.3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理当从句是客观真理，

14、定义，公理，定理 时用时用一般现在时一般现在时。可编辑ppt21The teacher told me she _(be)born in 1960.I heard that she _(go)to Paris last night.4.4.从句中有从句中有具体时间状语具体时间状语，即使从句动，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时一般过去时。wentwas可编辑ppt221.Mike insisted that we _(be)late for school.2.The doctor ordered that she _(stay)in bed for a few

15、 days.(should)not be (should)stay 可编辑ppt23注意：注意：在下列动词接在下列动词接that从句中用从句中用“should+动原动原”一个一个“坚持坚持”insist（坚持要）（坚持要）两个两个“命令命令”command,order(命令）命令）三个三个“建议建议”suggest,propose,advise四个四个“要求要求”request,ask,demand,require可编辑ppt24三、语序三、语序宾语从句的语序用宾语从句的语序用陈述语序陈述语序：主句主句连接词连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他成分其他成分Im wondering what she

16、 wants to eat.可编辑ppt251.When will he go to the library?His brother asks when he will go to the library.His brother asks when will he go to the library.2.What does he want to buy?I dont know what does he want to buy.I dont know what he wants to buy.可编辑ppt26 Whats wrong?Whats the matter?Whats happenin

17、g?What happened?注：当从句的原句为以下句子注：当从句的原句为以下句子 以及以及what,who作主语作主语时，语序不变时，语序不变：I dont know whats the matter.The doctor asked what was wrong(with her)Can you tell me who is over there?Can you tell me who he is?做主语做主语做表语做表语可编辑ppt27否定的转移否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagi

18、ne等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式用肯定式。I dont think this dress fits you well.I dont think you are right.我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。我认为你是错的。我认为你是错的。I dont believe you can finish the work today.我认为你今天无法完成工作。我认为你今天无法完成工作。可编辑ppt28 1.We wonder how we shall do

19、next.2.Could you tell me where are they having a picnic?3.I am sorry that I dont know you want to take part in the competition.whatdidntthey areExercise:correct or not可编辑ppt294.I didnt know that you will come.5.He said that he is writing a story.6.Could you tell me when will he arrive?7.You can begi

20、n to see why does English have such strange rules._would_was_ he will_ English has可编辑ppt30Exercise:multical-choice1.I dont know_ we can live on the island without food.A.where B what C how D that2.Could you tell me _?A where is the park?B whos on duty?C whose book is this?D what are they doing?3 The

21、 teacher told us that the earth _around the sun.A moved B moves C move D moving4.I didnt know that Mr.Smith _yet.has returned B has returned C had returned D returned 5.We dont know _ they did it.We dont know_ they did.A.how B.who C.what D.which BBCC可编辑ppt31Predicative Clauses 表语从句表语从句可编辑ppt32一一、表语从

22、句定义：表语从句定义：The question is who will do it.表语从句放在表语从句放在连系动词连系动词之后，之后，充当复合句中的表语。充当复合句中的表语。表语从句表语从句可编辑ppt33 Linking Verbs(连系动词连系动词)除动词除动词be以外，还有一些后面可接表以外，还有一些后面可接表语的特殊连系动词，如：语的特殊连系动词，如：look,smell,taste,sound,feel,fall,come,go（变成（变成）,become,grow（渐渐地变化）（渐渐地变化）,turn(变成，一般用于颜色变成，一般用于颜色),appear,seem,get,kee

23、p,remain,stay等。等。可编辑ppt34二、表语从句构成二、表语从句构成His suggestion is that we should stay calm.That is why she was late.引导词引导词引导词引导词主系主系连接词连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他成分其他成分可编辑ppt35三、引导表语从句的关联词三、引导表语从句的关联词1.从属连词从属连词as,as if/though引导的表引导的表语从句语从句He looked just as he had looked ten years before.It sounds as if someone is kno

24、cking at the door.可编辑ppt362.because,why 引导的表语从句引导的表语从句例句：例句：(1)Thats because he didnt understand me.(2)Thats why he got angry with me.那是因为他不理解我。那是因为他不理解我。那正是他对我生气的原因。那正是他对我生气的原因。（强调原因）（强调原因）（强调结果）（强调结果）可编辑ppt373.连接代词连接代词who,whom,whose,whoever,what,whatever,which,whichever,连接副词连接副词where,when,how(1)Th

25、e problem is who we can get to replace her.(2)The question is how he did it.(3)That is where he was born.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。问题是他如何做此事的。问题是他如何做此事的。那就是他出生的地方。那就是他出生的地方。可编辑ppt384.从属连词从属连词that，whether(1)The trouble is that I have lost her address.(2)My question is whether he left(or not).麻烦是我

26、把她的地址弄丢了。麻烦是我把她的地址弄丢了。我的问题是他是否离开了。我的问题是他是否离开了。that 在表语从句中不充当任何句子成分，也在表语从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有任何意义。没有任何意义。可编辑ppt39 四四.使用虚拟语气的表语从句使用虚拟语气的表语从句在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用表语从句，谓语动词需用“should+动词原动词原形形”表示，表示，should可省略可省略。常见的词有：。常见的词有：advice,suggestion,order,proposal,plan等。等。My suggestion is th

27、at we(should)start early tomorrow.可编辑ppt40注注 意意A 表语从句一定要用表语从句一定要用陈述语序陈述语序。The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.可编辑ppt41B 不可以用不可以用if，而用，而用whether 连接表语从句连接表语从句(as if 例外）。例外）。It looked as if he had understood this question.The question is if th

28、e enemy is marching towards us.The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.可编辑ppt42C C 不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句复合句中，中，主句主句时态时态和从句时态和从句时态可以不一致可以不一致。The question is why he cried yesterday.The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.可编辑ppt43D D thatthat在表语从句中不可以省略在表语

29、从句中不可以省略。Lao Yangs suggestion is that we(should)turn the land into rice field.Whats troubling me is I dont have much experience in this kind of work.可编辑ppt44注注 意：意：在表语从句中，表在表语从句中，表“是否是否”时，只能用时，只能用“whether”不能用不能用“If”。一般情况下，一般情况下，“that”不能省。不能省。It is/was because.（这是因为）（这是因为）It is/was why.（这就是为什么（这就是为什么

30、）4.The reason is that (原因是原因是)5.The reason(why/for)is/was that.6.The reason is because/whythat .The reason why he was late was that he got up latefor his being late可编辑ppt45 Thats _ the Party called on us to do.Thats _ the Party called on us to do it.A.why B.what C.how D.that 2.The reason is _ he is

31、unable to operate the machine.A.because B.why C.that D.Whether3.That is _ they separated.A.that B.what C.which D.where 4.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago.A.what B.which C.that D.when 的样子的样子BA可编辑ppt465.Its known to us all _ a form of energy.A.water is B.that water is C.is water D.that water to 6.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A.whether B.that C.what D.when7.What I say and think _ none of your business.A.is B.are C.has D have可编辑ppt47此课件下载可自行编辑修改，此课件供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，此课件供参考！部分内容来源于网络，如有侵权请与我联系删除！感谢你的观看！部分内容来源于网络，如有侵权请与我联系删除！感谢你的观看！