初中英语-名词讲解课件.ppt

1、名词1 中考名词热点分析 总体占选择题目的5%名词的交际运用和辨析呈逐年上涨的趋势名词的交际运用和辨析呈逐年上涨的趋势2 名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词。专有名词：专有名词：表示具体的人名、事物、地点、机构、月份和节日等的名词。South Korea Childrens Day Halloween the WTO Womens Day Childrens Day Womens Day3 2.普通名词：指一类人，事、物质或抽象概念的名称的名词普通名词普通名词个体名词个体名词集体名词集体名词物质名词物质名词抽象名词抽象名词studentfamily team air winelovesuccess

2、4 名词可以做除了谓语以外的各种成分 高频考点 作定语 大多数情况下名词用单数形式做定语。shoe store 但有些名词需要用复数形式作定语5当你犯错的时候你离不错的时候就更近了一步！1.All the _ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th,because it was their own holiday.08资阳 A.man B.men C.woman D.women6 非选择题的 work 2).以辅音字母以辅音字母s,sh,ch,x结尾的名词，在结尾的名词，在词尾加词尾加es bus brush watch box worksbusesb

3、rusheswatches7 1.These (box)are heavy.We cant carry them.04贵阳贵阳 2.The man with _(眼镜眼镜)is a visitor to our college.04佛山佛山glasses boxes 8 3).以o结尾的词，词尾加es或s 有生命+es potato tomato hero negro potatoestomatoesheroesnegroes9 无生命+s zoo,radio,photo,piano,zero,1David took a lot of _ (photo)in Mochou Lake Park

4、last weekend07南京zoosradiosphotospianoszerosphotos10 4).以辅音字母加y结尾的词复数变化的规则。先将y变为i，再加es,family city lady 以y结尾的专有名词或元音字母加y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s boy key familiescitiesladiesboyskeys11 5).以f或fe结尾的专有名词，先将f活fe变成v再加es 帮你巧记忆：WifeWife拿拿knifeknife去宰去宰wolf wolf，thiefthief看到发了慌看到发了慌;躲到躲到shelfshelf后后selfself保命，保命，halfha

5、lf片树叶障目光。片树叶障目光。12 特殊有些以f结尾，是直接加s的，如,roof,belief,proof,1We should give our _（生命）for our country04哈尔滨lives13 1).变内部元音变内部元音 man-foot -1.How many times do you brush your (tooth)every day?09常州常州menfeetteeth14 2).词尾加en,或ren child-ox -3).单复数同形:Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish,7.There are more _(sheep)in A

6、ustralia than in Japan.09宿迁宿迁childrenoxen中国人和日本人中国人和日本人很爱护绵羊、鹿很爱护绵羊、鹿和鱼。和鱼。sheep15 4).复合名词的复数变化：主要词改为复数：passer-by passers-by路人；father-in-law fathers-in-law 前后两词均该复数：man servant-men servants;woman nurse-women nurses男仆女护工16 how many sheep?foot?Wolf?17 补充补充 1)字母、数字、引语或缩略词的复数形式是在其后加 s 或s 2).表示有几个叫的人在人名之

7、后加s 1.There are four _and two _at the_.08宁波 A.Johns,Marys,doctors B.Johns,Marys,doctors C.Johns,Marys,doctors D.John,Mary,doctors181.常见的不可数名词：常见的不可数名词：专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词在一般情况专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词在一般情况下为不可数名词。下为不可数名词。air love 2.不可数名词的数不可数名词的数()数词或冠词数词或冠词+量词量词+of+不可数名词不可数名词 中考高频词中考高频词Piece:a piece of news/advice

8、/breadCup:a cup of tea第三节不可数名词和数第三节不可数名词和数19 欠练只是传说，效果第一！1.Good morning,madam.Can I help you?Sure,Id like _ for cooking vegetables.09黄冈 A.two cups of tea B.three pieces of bread C.one bowl of dumplings D.five kilos of oil 2.Mr.Smith always has _ to tell us.07青岛A.some good pieces of news B.some piece

9、s of good news C.some good piece of newes D.some piece of good newes20 3.分辨可数名词和不可数名词分辨可数名词和不可数名词（）“一分为二鉴别法一分为二鉴别法”可数不可数好分辨，名词所示物分两半。如每半不能叫原名，那该词可数最公平。每半还能把原名叫，不可数名词就遇到。有的名词时两面堵，意变不可数为可数。21 翠花上题 1.We need to come up with a/an _ and make a decision at once.09通化 A.information B.advice C.idea D.news 2.

10、Father went to his doctor for _.08孝感 A.an advice B.advices C.some advice D.the advices 3.How many _ do you want every week?08泸州 A.milk B.water C.apples 4.They got much on the Internet.07天津 A.photo B.ideas C.message D.information22还需要关注非选择题 名词所有格构成名词所有格构成s所有格所有格 of所有格所有格 双重所有格双重所有格 23 1.s所有格的构成所有格的构成

11、 表示有生命的名词的所有格表示有生命的名词的所有格 s所有格的构成 1).单数名词词尾加s，复数名词 词尾没有s的，也要加s Mona Lisa smile,mens room 1.June 1st is _ Day.(child)04长春Children s24 2).名词已有复数（即词尾已有s），则只加“”。ladies hats 20Where is the_ desk?Can you help them to find it?(twin)05云南模拟 3).两个名词并列，分别有s则表示“分别有”；只有一个s则表示“共有”。Johns and Marys rooms各有一间 John a

12、nd Marys room 共有一间twins25The Presidents and the gorilla s faces261.This is_ bedroom.The twin sisters like it very much.04湖北 A.Anne and Jane B.Anne s and Jane s C.Anne s and Jane D.Anne and Jane s 4).复合名词或短语，s 加在最后一个词的词尾 a month or twos leave 27 5).else常用于不定代词，疑问代词或疑问副词后，表示另外，其他 所有格为“elses”Who elses

13、book is this?(who else=whose else)282.of 所有格：所有格：of+名词名词1).表示无生命东西的所有关系表示无生命东西的所有关系.2).有生命的名词的有生命的名词的s所有格和所有格和of所所 有格可以有格可以互换互换the girls name=the name of the girl 293双重所有格：双重所有格：双重所有格的两种形式双重所有格的两种形式:of+名词性物主代词名词性物主代词of+名词所有格名词所有格a cousin of my fathers a friend of hers/ours my fathershers30 看看绿色！重点来了

14、！中考最常考的，我们在代词部分我们介绍过31 2.只修饰不可数名词的修饰语：只修饰不可数名词的修饰语：3.即可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可即可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词数名词:32 1.The letter from my uncle was short.There wasnt news.09广州 A.many B.a few C.much D.few 2.Im new here.I feel lonely because I have _friends to talk with.09龙岩 A.few B.many C.little 3.You look very tired this mor

15、ning.What did you do yesterday afternoon?I did Christmas shopping.09广州 A.a lot of B.a few of C.a number of D.a piece of 4.Theres _ milk at home.We have to buy some this afternoon.08山西 A.a little B.little C.a few33 补充考点补充考点 1).复合形容词复合形容词（）“数词+名词+形容词”构成 中间的名词不能用复数形式只能用单数。1.Each of us has to write a re

16、port every two weeks.09广州 A.two-hundred-word B.two-hundreds-wordC.two-hundreds-words D.two-hundred-words 2A new study proves a _walk every day is enough to keep people away from becoming fat09哈尔滨A30一minute B30 minutes C30一minutes34 2).a number of和和 the number of的区的区别别 前者只修饰可数名词表示许多 后者表示的数目 考的关键是谓语动词

17、的选择，前者表示复数概念，后者表示单数概念。只修饰可数名词只修饰可数名词许多许多的数目的数目35第六节名词辨析（交际运用）第六节名词辨析（交际运用）是中考未来的趋势，也是是中考未来的趋势，也是一级重点一级重点总结了高频场景总结了高频场景1.日常生活场景日常生活场景和日常生活有关，生活用品，个人喜好，电脑，等很多与生活和日常生活有关，生活用品，个人喜好，电脑，等很多与生活有关的问题有关的问题1.Do you like to listen to“Mozart”?（喜欢什么）（喜欢什么）Yes.Listening to _ is my favorite.08山东山东A.songs B.music C

18、.stories D.news2.He didnt tell his parents he was going home because he wanted to give them a _.08山东山东A.joy B.surprise C.shock D.happiness3.After moving to their new house,the Lees bought some _ in the mall nearby.08上海上海A.furniture B.chairC table D.shelf36 2.吃喝或去饭店场景吃喝或去饭店场景 点餐要点餐要menu，之后要，之后要bill.d

19、rink后加名词和后加名词和eat后加名词（可数与不可数的辨析）后加名词（可数与不可数的辨析）1Excuse me,waiterWe are leavingWould you please show us the?09十二市十二市 Amenu Bmoney Cbill Dlist 2.-Mum,Im hungry!-Oh,you can have some _.08娄底娄底 A.sweater B.breadC.pet37 3.抽象名词抽象名词 相比前两个场景，有一些难度，但是只要注意分析语相比前两个场景，有一些难度，但是只要注意分析语境和平时的词汇积累，还是可以做好这类题目。境和平时的词汇积

20、累，还是可以做好这类题目。1.Bill is ill.Do you know whats wrong with him?Poor boy.His illness is the _ of eating unhealthy food.08武汉 A.result B.cause C.reason D.end 2.I had a very unusual yesterday.I saw a UFO land in front of me.08丽水 A.decision B.test C.friend D.experience 38 4.去公共场所去公共场所 去电影院，市场，空出去电影院，市场，空出room等等等等 1Mike and his friend are going to the to see the new action movie tonight。09陕西 Abook shop Brestaurant Cconcert Dcinema 2.Its so crowded here.Lets make some _ for the baby.08资阳 A.ground B.room C.seats D.chairs39 雪化了之后是什么？雪化了之后是什么？40