高考英语一轮复习课件《句子成分和句子分类-》.ppt

1、句子成分和句子分类句子成分和句子分类练习说出下列划线部分单词或词组在句子说出下列划线部分单词或词组在句子中各充当什么成分中各充当什么成分1.I dont like the picture on the wall.2.My brother hasnt done his homework.3.It is a great pleasure to talk with you.4.He broke a piece of glass.5.He wrote carefully some letters to his friends.主主谓语谓语宾语宾语定语定语主语主语谓语谓语谓语谓语谓语谓语主主主主主主定语

2、定语宾语宾语宾语宾语状语状语定语定语宾语宾语表语表语1.Thesunrisesintheeast.2.Thepolicereceivedacall,whichsaidBillhadleftforWaterbridge3.Ihavealotofclothestowash.4.Tobeawinner,youshouldtryyourbest.5.Somefarmerssawsomethingstrangeinthesky.定语定语状语状语定语定语定语定语谓语谓语6.Weleftinsuchahurrythatweforgottolockthedoor.7.Thechildrendecidetocl

3、eantheirschoolyardthisFridayafternoon.8.Wecanhardlybelievethatyoulearntodancesoquickly.9.Thechildrenstoodinacircleanddancedtomusic.状语状语状语状语状语状语宾语宾语10.Wefinditnecessarytostudyingroupsinschool.11.MissZhanghasreceivedmanyflowersandlettersthesedays.12.Whathesaidmadehismotherveryangry.13.Thatsbecausehedi

4、dntunderstandme.宾语宾语状语状语主语主语表语表语 句型句型 结构结构（eg.1.How beautiful she is!）eg.2.What a clever boy he is!eg.3.What clever students they are!eg.4 What bad news it is!1.How+2.What+形容词形容词/副词副词+主语主语+谓语动词谓语动词+其它其它名词或名词词组名词或名词词组+主语主语+谓语动词谓语动词+其它其它 按句子功能分按句子功能分 陈述句陈述句 疑问句疑问句 祈使句祈使句感叹句：表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈情感的句子。感叹句：表示喜、怒

5、、哀、乐等强烈情感的句子。常用常用what或或how（表多么）引导，句末用（表多么）引导，句末用“！”。可数名词单数、复数名词或不可数名词可数名词单数、复数名词或不可数名词感叹句练习：用用what或或how 填空填空1._ warm it is in winter in Hong Kong!2._ a wonderful performance we had last night!3._ clever students they are!4._ delicious food!5._ a lovely day we are having today!6._ bad news it is!7._

6、hard the students of Class One are working on the farm!8._ a wonderful time we had last night!HowWhatWhatWhatWhatWhatHowWhat二、句子的分类（按结构划分）：简单句、并列句和复合句简单句、并列句和复合句（一）简单句：句子里只有一个主谓结构，且各个（一）简单句：句子里只有一个主谓结构，且各个 成分都只由单词或短语构成。共有成分都只由单词或短语构成。共有5种结构。种结构。结结 构构例例 句句主语主语+不及物动词不及物动词He smiled.主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语We a

7、re Chinese.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语They study French.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语Tom gives me a pen-box.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语He found the old man dead.（二）并列句：用并列连词把两个或两个以上的（二）并列句：用并列连词把两个或两个以上的 简单句连接起来的句子。并列连词有简单句连接起来的句子。并列连词有and,but,or等。等。Eg.He is a student and I am a teacher.He likes football

8、,but I like basketball.（三）复合句：一个句子里又包含一个或多个句子（三）复合句：一个句子里又包含一个或多个句子充当成分的句子。大句子叫主句，充当成分、附属充当成分的句子。大句子叫主句，充当成分、附属于大句子的句子叫从句。于大句子的句子叫从句。1.I believe that you are right.我相信你是对的。我相信你是对的。2.I dont know where he lives.我不知道他住哪里。我不知道他住哪里。3.What I want is a book.我所想要的是一本书。我所想要的是一本书。4.The boy who is sitting unde

9、r the tree is Tom 坐在树下的男孩是坐在树下的男孩是Tom.主句宾语，叫做宾语从句主句宾语，叫做宾语从句主语宾语，叫做宾语从句主语宾语，叫做宾语从句主语主语，叫做主语从句主语主语，叫做主语从句主语定语，叫做定语从句主语定语，叫做定语从句指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分.1.Thesunrisesintheeast.2.Thepolicereceivedacall,whichsaidBillhadleftforWaterbridge.3.Ihavealotofclothestowash.4.Tobeawinner,youshouldtryyourbest.5.Somefarmer

10、ssawsomethingstrangeinthesky.6.Weleftinsuchahurrythatweforgottolockthedoor.7.ThechildrendecidetocleantheirschoolyardthisFridayafternoon.8.Wecanhardlybelievethatyoulearntodancesoquickly.9.Thechildrenstoodinacircleanddancedtomusic.10.Wefinditnecessarytostudyingroupsinschool.11.MissZhanghasreceivedmanyflowersandlettersthesedays.12.Whathesaidmadehismotherveryangry.13.Thatsbecausehedidntunderstandme.