1、+2HOHH OK+2a+H H Kc 酸酸+2a+H H Kc 酸酸2bOH OH Kc 碱碱100 已已经经解解离离的的分分子子浓浓度度溶溶质质分分子子的的初初始始浓浓度度解离度是解离平衡时弱电解质在水溶液中解离的分数:%+aHAcH Ac K+aa+H HAH A H cKKc 酸酸盐盐100 已已经经解解离离的的分分子子浓浓度度溶溶质质分分子子的的初初始始浓浓度度 可以清楚地看出,HAc 溶液的H+和,在加入NaAc 后,比未加NaAc 前都降低了,加入NaAc 的浓度越大,降低得会越多。bOH OH OH cKc 碱碱盐盐+21a0.080H 5 5 100.037(mol L)0.
2、12cKc酸盐.+2+0.080H H 5 5 100.12H .()wb1a2HS OH H 1.0 101.0S H 1.0 10KKK 8w2b2a1H SOH H 1.0 109.1 10HS H 1.1 10KKK 2bOH OH Kc 碱碱2OH 1.00.10OH +2a+H H Kc 酸酸2bOH OH Kc 碱碱100 已已经经解解离离的的分分子子浓浓度度溶溶质质分分子子的的初初始始浓浓度度+a+H H H cKc 酸酸盐盐bOH OH OH cKc 碱碱盐盐NH3H2OmolL1解离,解离,制制pH.lg0 105.004 75 盐盐c110.10mol L1.0L0.10
3、L1.0mol L V其其已知已知 Ka(HAc)=1.8105最简式:最简式:106bOH 5.6 100.17.5 10(mol L)Kc碱碱106aH 5.6 100.0505.3 10(mol L)Kc酸酸1033wh+44bNH H NH H OH 5.6 10NH NH OH KKK配离子解离出配离子解离出H+的的+343a+4NH H NHNHH,NH K 2bHAcOH AcH OHAcOH,Ac K+2wH OHOH,H OH K+aa40wa40(NH Ac)H NH AcKKKK +aa0wa0()H KKcKKc aK+4NHa0Kc 0c0c0c+awbH KKK +
4、aaH KK+103aa61H 2.5 104.5 101.1 10(mol L)KKaK初始初始+aa0wa0()H KKcKKc +awbH KKK +aaH KKwK甲基红甲基红+aw+H(HAc)Ac Ac HAc OH HAH c OH KKK=5a31H 1.8100.10001 3410 mol LKc 酸-=.5120.00 19.980.10005.00 10 mol L20.0019.98c 酸酸-2119.980.10004.997 10 mol L20.0019.98c 盐盐=5a25.00 10pH plg4.74lg7.744.997 10cKc 酸盐=146w5a10OH 0.05005.3 101.8 10KcK 盐20.001.00020.00T 510.02OH 0.10005.0 10(mol L)20.0020.02 20.021.00120.00T wha214781.0 101.6 106.3 10KKK (