Unit 2 Welcome to the unit -Reading 词汇讲解（ppt课件）-2022新牛津译林版（2020）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、单词预习检测单词预习检测 英汉互译英汉互译1.巢；窝 n _ 2.屋顶 n _ 3.斗争；较量 n _ 4.(在某事上)与某人看法一致 _ 5.争吵；争论 n _ 6.青少年 n _ 7.十几岁的；青少年的 adj _ 8.忧虑的；焦虑的 adj _ 9.速度；速率 n _ nest roofbattlesee eye to eye with sb(on sth)teenager/teenteenageanxiousrateargument 单词预习检测单词预习检测 英汉互译英汉互译10.射出；射击 v _ 11.快速长高；蹿个儿 _ 12.发射；射击 n _ 13.粉刺；疱疹 n _ 14.

2、靶子；目标 n _ 15.生气；愤怒 n _ 16.精神的；脑力的 adj _ 17.成年人 n _ 18.渴望；欲望 n _shoot upshotspottarget angermentaladultdesireshoot 单词预习检测单词预习检测 英汉互译英汉互译19.奋斗；努力 v _ 20.*艰难的；难受的 adj _ 21.破裂；失败 n _22.经常的；频繁的 adj _ 23.有规律地；定期地 adv_ 24.（使）平静；平静下来 v _25.（使）平静下来；（使）镇静下来 _26.观点；看法 n _27.从某人的角度、观点出发 _roughbreakdownregularre

3、gularly calmcalm downviewfrom ones point of viewstruggle 单词预习检测单词预习检测 英汉互译英汉互译28.充分考虑；全盘考虑 _29.担心；关心；关心的事 n _ 30.承认错误；认错 _ 31.正常的；平常的 adj _ 32.通常；平常 adv _ 33.压力；紧张 n _ 34.编辑；剪辑者 n _ 35.争论；争辩 v _ 36.（兽）皮；皮肤 n _concernback downnormalnormally stresseditorargueskin think sth through单词预习检测单词预习检测 英汉互译英汉互译

4、37.tension n _ 38.tense adj _ n _39.adulthood n _ 40.concerning prep _ 41.edit v _ 紧张的；担心的紧张的；担心的成年（时期）成年（时期）关于关于编辑；剪辑编辑；剪辑紧张紧张时态时态argue&argument熟词生义熟词生义anxious英语释义英语释义辨析义辨析义struggle一词多义一词多义一词多义一词多义英语释义英语释义regularcalm一词多义一词多义英语释义英语释义搭配义搭配义concern抽象名词抽象名词辨析义辨析义重重难难点点词词精精讲讲shoot一词多义一词多义desire搭配义搭配义辨析义

5、辨析义view一词多义一词多义英语释义英语释义argue 谈到“argue”一词，你可能会联想到怒气冲冲的人在“争吵”的画面。“争论；争吵”是你熟悉的argue的释义，但它还有另外一层释义“论证”,从某种程度上说，是常见释义“争论”在程度上的加深。通过其英语释义(to give reasons that support your opinion about sth)即“给出理由支持你的观点”也可以更好地理解这层释义。argue v vi 争论；争辩；争吵：争论；争辩；争吵：argue(with sb)(about/over sth)Do you ever argue with your fam

6、ily about which TV programme to watch?vi&vt 论证论证 to give reasons that support your opinion about sth：The author argued for/against free university education.2010 北京改It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes.2011 广东argue表示“争论；争吵”时，后接介词 with 或about/over。语语义义程

7、程度度递递进进argument n C&U 争吵；争论；辩论：争吵；争论；辩论：have an argument(with sb)(about/over sth)I got into an argument with a friend.2013 重庆改Settle the question by argument,not by fight.C 论据；理由；论点：论据；理由；论点：This paragraph gives the arguments against cars.We all found his argument convincing and interesting.anxious

8、adj 忧虑的；焦虑的忧虑的；焦虑的 feeling worried or nervous(worried)：be anxious for sb/about sth 令人焦虑的令人焦虑的 causing worry and fear(worrying)：We had an anxious couple of weeks waiting for the test results.渴望的渴望的 wanting sth very much(eager)：The parents suggested sleeping in the hotel room but their kids were anxio

9、us to camp out during the trip.【拓展拓展】anxiously adv 忧虑地；不安地忧虑地；不安地 worried是最常用的词，表示对某个问题或可能发生的不幸有所担忧。nervous常用于重要事情（如考试、面试等）、令人不快或困难的事情发生前的紧张不安。anxious 可指较强烈的担忧和不安，且较正式。辨析辨析worried,nervous,anxiousshootshoot (shot,shot)v vi&vt 开开 (枪等武器枪等武器)；射出；射击：；射出；射击：He shot the arrow from the bow.He hit the target

10、 after he shot at it several times.vt 射中；射死：射中；射死：The police shot one suspect when he pulled a gun on them.vt&vi 拍摄：拍摄：The movie was shot in New Zealand.vt&vi 射门；投篮：射门；投篮：The basketball player shot the last goal.vi&vt（使使）快速移动：快速移动：The pickpocket shot his hand into her bag.One more look and he notice

11、d flames shooting out from under the disabled vehicle.2016 全国n C 嫩枝；新芽：嫩枝；新芽：bamboo shoots 竹笋The rose is putting out new shoots.shooting n C 射击；枪杀；射击；枪杀；U（电影）拍摄（电影）拍摄shoot的语义网络图的语义网络图射出射出基本义基本义shoot“射出射出”弓箭、子弹等箭、子弹等射中目标或导致死亡开开(枪等武器枪等武器)；射出；射击射出；射击射中；射死射中；射死拍摄拍摄(使使)快速移动快速移动射门；投篮射门；投篮摄影机等“射出射出”光线而捕捉镜头

12、“射出射出”篮球、足球等快速地“射出射出”某物或某人desire n C&U 渴望；欲望：渴望；欲望：Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning.2019 天津I am inspired by her courage and strong desire to succeed.2012 天津She had little desire for power.Confucius once said,“At seventy I can follow my hearts desire.”词源：来自拉丁语词源：来自拉丁语 de sidere（星星，星辰），词源同

13、星星，星辰），词源同 consider。古。古代的占星术是人通过星辰移位来推测世事变迁，期望星辰按理想的代的占星术是人通过星辰移位来推测世事变迁，期望星辰按理想的状态运行，引申为状态运行，引申为“渴望渴望”。vt不用于进行时正式用语渴望；期望：不用于进行时正式用语渴望；期望：He is truly rich who desires nothing.desire to do sth:He desired to win the game.desirable adj正式用语值得做的；值得拥有的；理想的正式用语值得做的；值得拥有的；理想的 辨析辨析 desire,wish,want三者都含有“想”“希

14、望”之意。desire 较正式，可代替 wish 和 want，强调主观愿望的热切，有“渴盼”的意思。He got the book he desired.wish 语气比 desire 弱，一般用于难以实现或不可能实现的愿望，强调主观愿望，有“希望、愿、想”之意。I wish I could have a new car.want 多用于口语和普通场合，有“想、要、需要”之意。She wants me to go with her.All I want is the truth.struggleThe duck looks smooth and calm on top of water,bu

15、t,under that there is restless pedaling.Nothing is worth without struggle in real life.（与人）（与人）搏斗搏斗奋力前进奋力前进挣扎挣扎斗争斗争strugglestruggle n C 斗争；奋斗；难事：斗争；奋斗；难事：The struggle for freedom was long and hard.Never give up without a struggle.It was a struggle for her to make him understand.vi（与某人）搏斗；斗争；奋力前进；挣扎：

16、（与某人）搏斗；斗争；奋力前进；挣扎：struggle through the snowstorm struggle to ones feet a struggling artist 2020 全国 struggle with/against:He has been struggling with illness for years.struggle for/to do sth:struggle for freedom/independence/human rights Many of the families were struggling to make ends meet.2020 山东

17、改regularregular源自单词 rule(规则；规律)它的基本义是“规则的；有规律的”regular or irregular?规则的；有规律的；定期的规则的；有规律的；定期的 反反 irregular having the same amount of space or time between each thing or part：The sides of the building arent regular,so the building has an unusual shape.2014 湖北 The equipment is checked on a regular basi

18、s.regular adj 只用于名词前只用于名词前 经常的；频繁的经常的；频繁的 happening or doing sth very often;frequent：regular customers/readers 只用于名词前只用于名词前 正常的；惯常的；普通的：正常的；惯常的；普通的：a regular school/class Our regular opening hours are 10 a.m.to 7 p.m.持久的；稳定的持久的；稳定的 lasting or happening over a long period：Maybe a regular job wont be

19、as dull as I feared.2014 天津 语法语法 规则的规则的 regular verbs and irregular verbsregularly adv 有规律地；定期地；经常：有规律地；定期地；经常：We meet regularly,once a month.Two thirds of the worlds population regularly eat rice.regular语义网络图语义网络图regular(有有)规律的规律的(基本义基本义)事件发生的频率很事件发生的频率很高，其间高，其间“有有”着着内在的内在的“规律规律”事件通常情况下的事件通常情况下的发生发

20、生“有规律有规律”事件事件“有规律有规律”得得 持续很长一段时间持续很长一段时间经常的；经常的；频繁的频繁的正常的；正常的；惯常的；惯常的；普通的普通的持久持久的；的；稳定的稳定的时间或空间间隔时间或空间间隔“有规律有规律”规则的；规则的；有规律的；有规律的；定期的定期的regularly有规律地；有规律地；定期地定期地经常经常calm话说在这个让人越来越不能淡定的时代，“淡定”这个词却满天飞于是我们来说说，英语中这个可以表示“淡定”的词calm。keep calm、calm down这样的词组都可以用来劝人保持“淡定”。(天气、海洋等天气、海洋等)静的；平静的：静的；平静的：The weat

21、her was fine and the lake was calm.(人人)镇静的；沉着的：镇静的；沉着的：If you are lost in the mountains,stay/keep calm in the face of darkness,loneliness,and the unknown.vt&vi (使使)平静；平静下来：平静；平静下来：The deep,gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl.2020 天津calm down(使使)平静下来；平静下来；(使使)镇静下来镇静下来：I placed the chick in the

22、nest,and it quickly calmed down.2017 全国n C&U 平静；镇静：平静；镇静：After a storm comes a calm.（翻译）calm adj.to stop feeling upset,angry or excited侧重not nervous,“不紧张”辨析辨析calm,quiet,still,silent quiet:Our school is situated in a quiet area.She was quiet and shy.still:They told the injured driver to stay still un

23、til the emergency personnel arrived.2016 全国改silent:keep/remain silenta silent,moonless night a silent film/movie 侧重not noisy,“不吵”侧重not moving,“不动”侧重no sound,“没有声响”“不语”辨析辨析calm,quiet,still,silent The man who had his bright lights on 48 came over and told Larry he had 49 made an emergency call.They 50

24、 then heard a womans voice coming from the wrecked(毁坏的)vehicle.51 Approaching the vehicle,they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.They told her to stay 52 _ until the emergency personnel arrived,53 but she thought the car was going to 54 explode.Larry told her that he had al

25、ready put out the fire and she should not move 55 in case she injured her neck.2016 全国卷完形填空52.A.quiet B.still C.away D.calm U 视野；视线视野；视线 the ability to see sth or to be seen from a particular place：There was usually nobody in view except some sheep in the grassland.The lake came into view as we turn

26、ed the corner.Sit down youre blocking my view.view n.词源：来自拉丁语videre,看，词源同visit,evident。同根词还有：visible,vision,video。C 风景；景色风景；景色 what you can see from a particular place：While climbing the mountain,we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view.2008 北京书面表达Id like a room with a sea view/a commanding

27、 view.侧重表示从某处可看到的侧重表示从某处可看到的“远景远景”，尤指从窗口、高处等看到的景色。尤指从窗口、高处等看到的景色。C 观点；看法观点；看法 an opinion or idea about sth(opinion)：Jill and I have different views on/about the subject.In my view,playing computer games is a waste of time.Cant you see things from my point of view?Your view of life is different from

28、mine.in view of 鉴于；考虑到：鉴于；考虑到：In view of the weather,the event will be held indoors.on view 在展出；展览着：在展出；展览着：The painting is currently on view at the gallery.表达自己的观点：in my view/in my opinionI believe,My own view is that In my judgement,表述别人的观点：according to sb,For sb,sbs view is that In sbs viewsb is

29、of the opinion that sb believes that 如何用英语表达自己和如何用英语表达自己和别人的观点呢？别人的观点呢？view的语义网络图的语义网络图视觉视觉view肉眼看到肉眼看到的范围的范围看到的景看到的景色色对人或事对人或事物的看法物的看法视野；视线视野；视线风景；景色风景；景色观点；看法观点；看法基本义人到物由外到内由 正式用语正式用语 看；观看；观赏看；观看；观赏：These mountains are a splendid sight when viewed from the valley floor.看待看待 (see)：We view film as a

30、 type of contemporary art.viewer n C（电视）观众；观察者（电视）观众；观察者 view vt 名词动化名词动化由词根由词根view组成的词：组成的词：re+view=review(v)复习pre+view=preview(v)预习inter+view=interview(v)采访；对进行面试This article _（关于）some studying methods.is aboutis/has to do with Everyday English温故知新温故知新concerns 关于；与关于；与有关有关 to be about sth；涉及；牵涉涉及；

31、牵涉 to affect/involve sb/sth：The film concerns a girl who goes to Africa as a volunteer.Please pay attention because this information concerns all of you.使担心使担心 to worry sb：It concerned her that her son hadnt been back home.concern oneself with 正式用语正式用语 关心；担心：关心；担心：A good doctor should always concern

32、 himself with his patients.concern vt U 担心；忧虑担心；忧虑 a feeling of worry about sth important：the growing concern about/for/over continuing high unemployment U 关心关心 a feeling of wanting to protect and help sb/sth:Thank you for your concern.2014 四川书面表达I appreciate everyones concern and help at this diffi

33、cult time.C 担心的事；关心的事担心的事；关心的事 sth that worries you or that is important to you:The quality of books is a main concern to editors.What are your main concerns as a student?concern n 抽象名词具体化抽象名词具体化concern的语义网络图的语义网络图concern担心的事；关心的事担心的事；关心的事（抽象名词具体化）（抽象名词具体化）关于；与关于；与有关；有关；涉及；牵涉涉及；牵涉使担心使担心担心；忧虑担心；忧虑关心关

34、心 nvconcerned adj 不用于名词前不用于名词前 有关的；有关联的：有关的；有关联的：be concerned with/in:Her job is something concerned with computers.People concerned in the event were all punished.担忧的；关心的担忧的；关心的 worried about sth,or caring about sb：be concerned about/for:Im a bit concerned about/for her safety.Parents are all conce

35、rned about/for their children.【词汇拓展词汇拓展】关注的；关切的关注的；关切的 believing that sth is important：be concerned with:More people are concerned with the protection of endangered animals.Many of my students were more concerned with theirgrades than with the knowledge they gained.as far as be concerned 就就而言；关于：而言；

36、关于：As far as Im concerned,riding bicycles is a good solution to air pollution.Im doing fine as far as history is concerned,but my math is not good.抽象名词抽象名词比起中文来，英文不但富于抽象名词，也喜欢用抽象名词。余光中A.将所给名词分类。将所给名词分类。butter,anger,nest,tension,poster,rate,roof,desire,stress,flat,argument,teenagerbutter,nest,poster,

37、roof,flat,teenager anger,tension,rate,desire,stress,argument具体名词具体名词抽象名词抽象名词具体名词(concrete noun)是指现实物质世界中存在的，可触摸到或看到的人、事物、地方和实体等。抽象名词(abstract noun)指的是抽象的东西，如意念、情感、概念、性质、关系、状态等。B.写出下列所给词的名词形式。写出下列所给词的名词形式。v argue think pressgrowcontributeperformngrowthargument thinking/thought pressure contributionpe

38、rformance由动词派生而来的抽象名词叫作行为抽象名词由形容词派生而来的抽象名词叫作品质抽象名词adj honest able independentresponsibleyoungnability independenceyouthresponsibilityhonesty n adult child friendrelationnchildhoodrelationshipadulthoodfriendship由名词派生而来的抽象名词可以表示身份、地位、资格等C.抽象名词具体化：在空白处填入抽象名词具体化：在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。的正

39、确形式。1.As the worlds population continues to grow,the supply（供应）of food becomes more and more of _ concern.（2013 浙江）2.It was _ struggle for her to make the little boy understand.3.We have every reason to believe that the Youth Olympic Games will be _ success.4.It is a world of _(wonder),a world where anything can happen.5.Mr White is going to write a book about his _(adventure).（2012 上海）a a a wonders adventures 不可数的抽象名词可用来表示具体的人或物，即“抽象名词具体化”。此时，名词的数和词义都发生变化。表示抽象的概念时，是不可数名词，前面不用不定冠词；表示具体的人或事时，是可数名词，需要用复数或前面用不定冠词。