高三语法专题：定语从句-课件.ppt

1、高三语法复习之定语从句（）Attributive Clause 定语从句（）北流市实验中学英语科 余美玲定语：定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的内容。定语主要由形容词充当，也有名词、代词、介词短语、分词或者从句等。Task1 划出以下短语/句子中的定语a lovely girl developing countries the man standing under a tree China is a country which/that has a long history.The boy whose father is a teacher is a mew classmate

2、 of mine.Step 1：Definition(定义)Attributive Clause 定语从句 定义：定义从句是起定语作用，限定修饰名词或者代词的从句。被修饰的名词或者代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的词称为关系词。关系词在句中做句子成分。关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系词 关系副词:when,where,why_Task 2:找出以下每个定语从句中的关系代词，并指出其在从句中所做的成分。1.The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.（）2.You must do everything(that)I

3、 do.（）3.The girl(that)we saw yesterday was Jams sister.（）4.The person to whom you just talked is Mr.Li.（）5.This is the car(which)he bought yesterday.（）注意：关系代词在从句中做宾语时可以省关系代词在从句中做宾语时可以省略，但其前面有介词时，不能省略。略，但其前面有介词时，不能省略。作主语作主语作宾语作宾语作宾语作宾语作宾语作宾语作宾语作宾语Step 2 关系代词的用法1.关系代词that,which,who,whom，whose引导的定语从句Ta

4、sk 3:请在下列空格中填入适当的关系代词：1.The boys _ are playing football are from class one.2.The house _ I bought last year has got a lovely garden.3.Please pass me the book _ color is red.4.They rushed over to help the man _ car had broken down.6.The novel _ I have read three times is very touching.7.Simon is a co

5、median and actor _ has 10 years experience.8.Many young people,most of _ were well educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.9.The dishes _ I cooked were Moms favorite.10.Please send me all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position.解题点播：选用关系代词，就看定语从句中缺少什么成分，再根据关系

6、代词使用法则来选择。who/thatwhich/thatwhosewhosewhich/thatwho/thatwhomwhich/thatthatStep 3:特殊用法特殊用法注意：that和which都可以指代物，做主语和宾语，但以下几种情况只能用that）thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat但以下情况只能用whichTask 4:1.Do you have anything _ you dont understand.2.The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice.3.Who is the man

7、 _ is standing there.4.Her bag,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.5.She heard a terrible noise,_ brought her heart into her mouth.thatthatthatwhichwhich它是who的所有格，在从句中作定语，后接名词，既可指人，表示“某（些）人的”；也可指物，表示“某物的”Eg.This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world.Please pass me the book w

8、hose cover is red.巧学妙记：关系词，引定从，它们的用法各不同。that可做主宾表，指人指物它都行。which专来指物用，主语宾语它也能。who和whom来指人，whom仅作宾语用。whose一词作定语，指人指物都管用。Step 4：whose 的用法Task 5:Li hua,a girl student of 16,_ parents are both teachers,is our monitor.She is very strict with us,_ makes us angry,but we all like her.This teacher,with _ son

9、I work,is liked by all the students.The chair,the legs of _ are broken,is being repaired now.whosewhichwhosewhichStep 5：as 的用法：的用法：关系代词，意为“正如”，在从句中作主语或者宾语Eg.I like the book as you do.(作宾语)As is often the case,we have worked out the production plan.（作主语）as 常用语以下习惯用语中as is announced 正如宣布的 as is expect

10、ed 正如预料的as is known to all 众所周知 as is said 正如所说的as is reported 正如报道的 as usually happens 正如常发生的as you can see正如你所看见的 as could be expected 正如可以预料的Step 6：介词+关系代词引导的定语从句（1）介词的前置Eg.The man who/whom you spoke to was a scientist.=The man to whom you spoke was a scientist.The city which/that she lives in is

11、 far away.=The city in which she lives is far away.不能用不能用who,介词后要用宾格介词后要用宾格不能用不能用that，that不能用在不能用在介词之后介词之后介词的选择（1）根据从句中谓语动词或形容词的搭配eg The student _ whom we were talking just now is the best student in our class.He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.talk with/to sb.故填wi

12、th/tobe familiar with,故填with(2)与先行词的搭配Eg.Do you find the pen _ which I wrote just now?Ill never forget the day _ which she said good-bye to me.(3)根据句子意思Eg.He wears a pair of thick glasses _ which he cant see anything.In the office,I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm,_ many people have gone

13、 home.write with the pen,故填 withon the day,故填on根据句意，“没有眼镜他”,故填without根据句意，“截止到那个时候”,故填 by which timeTask 7:Do you like the book _ she spent 10？Do you like the book _ she paid 10?Do you like the book _ she learned a lot?Do you like the book _ she often talks?He built a telescope _he could study skies

14、.There is a tall tree outside,_ stands our teacher?on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough whichunder whichTask 8：高考真题链接1.（2017 北京）The little problems _ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.2.（2017 天津）My eldest son,_ work takes him all over the world,is in New Yo

15、rk at the moment.3.（2017 江苏）In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme,one of _ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.4.（2016 北京）I live next door to a couple _ children often make a lot of noise.5.（2016 浙江）Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears,none of _ ha

16、s been proved.6.（2016 江苏）Many young people,most of _ were well educated,headed for the remote regions to chase their dreams.which/thatwhosewhosewhosewhichwhom7.（2015 福建）China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.8.(2015

17、江苏)The number of smokers,_ is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.9.（2014 山东）A company _ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.10.（2014 重庆）Well reach the sales target in a month _ we set at the beginning of the year.11.（2013 重庆）John invited about 40 pe

18、ople to his wedding,most of _ are family members.12.（2013 湖南）Happiness and success often come to those _ are good to recognize their own strengths.whichaswhosewhich/thatwhomwhoStep 7:HomeworkWriting:Please translate the following sentences into English by using attributive clauses.(请用定语从句翻译以下句子)1.众所周知，云南是一个旅游的好地方因为它的友善的人们和美丽的景色。2.我相当地熟悉中国，这一点我相信对于这个职位来说是重要且必要的。有一场著名的越剧表演梁山伯与祝英台（butterfly lovers）将在天津大剧院演出。我是李华，是你们学校附近的育才中学的学生会主席。5.我写信来邀请你来做我们6月1号英语演讲比赛的评委。6.我很高兴收到你咨询我如何学好中文的来信。7.首先，对你信任的人说出你的感受。Thank you!