北京市西城区2020届高三下学期4月一模考试英语试题 Word版含答案.doc

1、 1 西 城 区 高 三 统 一 测 试 英 语 2020.4 本试卷共 11 页，120 分。考试时长 100 分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试 卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分） 第一节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单 词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A A The International Day of Families, which was started by the United Nat

2、ions in 1993, 1 (hold) on May 15 every year. The day celebrates the 2 (important) of families. It aims to deepen peoples understanding of issues 3 are related to families. With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organized at local, national and inte

3、rnational 4 (level). B B For thousands of years, people have been trying to predict the weather. In China during the Shang Dynasty, people 5 (record) weather forecasts on animal bones and tortoise shells. Centuries later, 6 Greece, the philosopher, Aristotle wrote his theories about how weather cond

4、itions formed. Weather forecasting advanced over time, with more and more instruments used to measure temperature, humidity and air pressure. Today, satellite data and computer technology help scientists predict the weather more 7 (precise). C C Last year, China started testing 5G mobile networks in

5、 several cities. The Hongkou District of Shanghai was the first to operate a 5G network. To test the network, Wu Qing, vice mayor of Shanghai, made a phone call 8 (use) a Huawei MateX, Huaweis first 5G smartphone. According to The Telegraph, “5G is the innovation that 9 (shape) all our lives for yea

6、rs to come.” It 2 is 10 (fast) and more stable than 4G, the previous generation of cellular ( 蜂窝状的) network technology. 第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选 项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It was late, about 10:15 p.m., when Janice Esposito arrived at the Bellport train station

7、; she jumped into her Honda Odyssey and began the 20-minute drive home to her husband and seven-year-old son. Shed just returned from visiting her mother and had traveled the route many times before. She practically 11 on autopilot: a left onto Station Road, then a left on Montauk Highway, and thenw

8、ham! Out of nowhere a car T-boned Espositos minivan, 12 her to move backward some 100 feet onto the railroad tracks. She 13 in the minivan, bruised ( 撞 伤 ) but mostly just knocked out by the 14 and the airbags. As it happened, Pete DiPinto was getting ready for 15 . Hed just closed his book and was

9、getting under the covers when he heard the sound of metal on metal and breaking glass coming from not far outside his bedroom window. A volunteer 16 and retired teacher, DiPinto, 64, never 17 to think. He grabbed a flashlight and, still dressed in his pajamas (睡衣), ran out the door. “Any firefighter

10、 would have done what I did,” he told Newsday. “Were always on 18 .” The first car he came upon, 2,000 feet from his front yard, was the one that had 19 Esposito. Once DiPinto concluded the driver was OK, he looked around and 20 Espositos minivan positioned on the the railroad tracks. And then he he

11、ard a terrible sound: the bells signaling an oncoming 21 . “The gates were starting to come down,” he told Newsday. “I see the headlight of the train.” DiPinto ran quickly to Espositos minivan and knocked on the drivers side window. She 22 looked at him, her eyes 3 unfocused. “I dont know where I am

12、,” she said. She seemed unhurt. “Honey, youre on the railroad 23 ,” DiPinto shouted. “We have to get you off right now!” He pulled hard on the 24 , but the door was crashed in and 25 . The heavy diesel train, traveling at 65 miles per hour, was moving fast toward them. DiPinto ran to the passenger s

13、ide and threw open the 26 . “Please, dont let her be 27 ,” he thought. He pushed aside the deflating ( 瘪 了 的 ) airbags, grabbed Espositos arms, and 28 her toward him across the passenger seat until he could help her out and quickly get her to 29 behind a signal box a few feet away. Within six second

14、s, he estimated, the train crashed into the minivan. “It was like a Hollywood movie,” DiPinto told reporters the next day. But this one had a twist. “Last night,” South Country Ambulance chief Greg Miglino told CBS New York, “the 30 arrived in pajamas, not in a fire truck.” 11. A. drove B. walked C.

15、 rode D. hiked 12. A. allowing B. forcing C. ordering D. reminding 13. A. sat B. stood C. hid D. waited 14. A. action B. noise C. impact D. bomb 15. A. class B. work C. dinner D. bed 16. A. doctor B. driver C. firefighter D. engineer 17 A. stopped B. troubled C. intended D. wanted 18. A. duty B. tim

16、e C. target D. schedule 19. A. warned B. caught C. hit D. followed 20. A. observed B. spotted C. realized D. predicted 21. A. train B. truck C. car D. ambulance 22. A. yet B. just C. still D. even 23. A. yards B. stations C. bridges D. tracks 24. A. belt B. key C. bell D. handle 25. A. unlocked B. j

17、ammed C. open D. gone 26. A. bag B. door C. book D. box 27. A. scared B. ignored C. trapped D. defeated 28. A. carried B. rushed C. guided D. pulled 29. A. return B. work C. safety D. life 30. A. police B. actor C. reporter D. hero 4 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、

18、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。 A A What it does The self-cleaning door handle is combining with advanced photocatalytic ( 光 催 化 ) and blacklight technology. A light source activates the doors handle coating, telling it to start cleaning. It can minimize the risk of infection by contact and improve t

19、he cleanliness of a space. How itHow it worksworks The working principle of the product is that a thin advanced photocatalytic coating can effectively decompose bacteria ( 细 菌 ) on the surface of a substance. A consistent UV light sourceinside a transparent glass door handleis required to activate t

20、he doors handle coating on the outer surface for disinfection, so a generator is used to provide electricity to light up a UV LED lamp by the motion of an opening and closing door. Then, the door handle can clean by itself. Design processDesign process We made the first version by using stainless st

21、eel. However, it caused the door handle to be heavier. Then, we tried aluminum, which made it light and easy to fix. We also improved the generator output which effectively turned energy from door movement into a light source. How it is differentHow it is different Our innovative design is simple, e

22、ffective, and attractive. It has an elegant smooth shape, and its minimalist appearance stands out in todays world of inventions. Nowadays, people use chemical cleaning materials to clean up public areas but it harms the human body. Our design can be used for a long time and is effective. It can sel

23、f-clean after each use. In the door lock and door handle market, it is a unique design because there are no similar products. Future plansFuture plans 5 In the future, we will commercialize the product and hope that it can compete on the market with similar products. We are going to connect with pub

24、lic properties, for example, shopping malls, hotels, hospitals and public restrooms, where the risk of spreading infection is higher. AwardsAwards In addition to winning the James Dyson Award, it has also received the Gold Award, and in 2016, it was featured in the 44th International Geneva Inventio

25、ns Exhibition. 31. How does the self-cleaning door handle function? A. It controls the door movement automatically. B. It minimizes the risk of infection by less contact. C. Chemical cleaning materials are used to clean it up. D. The light source tells the door handle coating to clean itself. 32. Co

26、mpared with the first version of the product, the present one is . A. safer and cheaper B. cleaner and easier C. less heavy and more effective D. more attractive and expensive 33. What do we know about the new invention according to the passage? A. It has been widely used in public areas. B. It has

27、received recognition for its innovation. C. It is quite competitive among similar products. D. It will replace traditional chemical cleaning materials. B B This little South American Magellanic penguin swims 5,000 miles, to a beach in Brazil, every year in order to be reunited with the man who saved

28、 its life. It sounds like something out of a fairy tale, but its true! 71-year-old retired brick worker Joao, who lives in an island village just outside Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, found the small Magellanic penguin lying on rocks at his local beach in 2011. The penguin was covered in oil and running o

29、ut of time fast. Joao rescued the penguin, naming it Din, cleaned 6 the oil off its feathers and fed him a daily diet of fish to rebuild its strength. After a week of recovery, Joao attempted to release the penguin back into the wild. However, Din had already formed a family bond with his rescuer an

30、d wouldnt leave. “He stayed with me for 11 months and then, just after he changed his coat with new feathers, he disappeared,” Joao recalls. “I love the penguin like its my own child and I believe the penguin loves me,” Joao told Globo TV. “No one else is allowed to touch him. He pecks (啄) them if t

31、hey do. He lies on my lap, lets me give him showers, and allows me to feed him.” Professor Krajewski, a biologist who interviewed the fisherman for Globo TV, told The Independent: “I have never seen anything like this before. I think the penguin believes Joao is part of his family and probably a pen

32、guin as well.” However, environmentalists warn that, while hundreds of the Magellanic species are known to naturally migrate (迁徙) thousands of miles north in search of food, there has been a worrying rise in the phenomenon of oceanic creatures washing up on Brazils beaches. Professor David Zee from

33、Rio de Janeiros State University, said the increase is due in part to global climatic changes. Professor Zee added that sea animals face increased danger from leaked tanker oil. Luckily the ending for Joao and Din has been a happy one, even though it is illegal in Brazil to keep wild animals as pets

34、. Professor Krajewski said: “Professionals who work with animals try to avoid relationships like this occurring so they are able to reintroduce the animal into the wild. But in this single case the authorities allowed Din to stay with Joao because of his kindness.” 34. Every year Din swims a long di

35、stance to a beach in Brazil to . A. avoid being killed B. meet his rescuer C. escape from ocean currents D. find much more fish 35. When Din was found in 2011, . A. he was dying B. he was running on the beach C. he was resting on a rock D. he was cleaning oil off his feathers 7 36. What can we learn

36、 about Joao from the passage? A. He is not allowed to keep the penguin as a pet by the authorities. B. He overprotects the penguin by keeping him away from others. C. His contact with the penguin is encouraged by professionals. D. His kindness wins the penguins trust. 37. The story in the passage ma

37、inly shows . A. the environmental impact on wildlife B. the love between humans and wildlife C. the tendency of wildlife to bond with humans D. the protection of threatened wildlife by mankind C C Store owners have been inventing new tricks to get consumers into their stores and purchasing their goo

38、ds. Even as we find new strategies to resist, neuroscientists (神经科学家) are employed at marketing agencies across the country to best figure out what is going through a consumers brain at each point in the decision process. We consumers overspend due to the fact that we have a fear of missing the real

39、ly good deal or having to pay more for the same thing and lose money. Normally, the prefrontal cortex ( 前 额皮 层 ) controls our emotional reactions to things, and keeps us from acting unreasonably by calming down our fears. But an advertiser can disturb our prefrontal cortex just by displaying flashy

40、deal signs, encouraging it to do math on how much money we might save now by buying more of something we dont actually need yet. Nostalgia, that regretful affection for past events, is another strong influencer during the holiday season, and its shaped by emotion. Emotionwhether good or badenhances

41、the formation of memories, engaging more parts of the brain. So hearing a nephew singing a carol, for instance, might reawaken memories associated with that particular song in a much more powerful way than hearing that same nephew sing another song. These kinds of memories are brought back even more

42、 easily by sensory input. This might be why we are 8 often greeted by a sensory reminder everywhere we go in a month. Wherever you purchase gifts, there are social influences on what you buy as well. The holidays are a time when we are especially conditioned to pay more for the label because were bu

43、ying gifts. Receiving a brand-name gift sends the message that “this person has spent more on me, so he or she must value me more.” And it makes sense. If two things seem pretty much the same, how do I know which to choose? Humans have survived as a social species, and we have to rely on each other.

44、 So when our brains are trying to make decisions, one of the shortcuts is to assume that if a lot of other people prefer something (and higher cost is often a predictor of that), then there must be a reason. Much of our holiday spending is driven by unplanned purchases. Plan ahead, resist the urge t

45、o purchase in the moment, make notes for comparison shopping, and if the deal is actually good, then it will hold up to inspection and youll feel good about your purchases later. Before you blow your budget this season, remember that your brain might be fooling you into that next purchase. 38. From

46、Paragraph 2, we learn that . A. the prefrontal cortex is the calculation center B. the common consumers always act unreasonably C. the sight of flashy deal signs may fill consumers with fear D. the advertisers make consumers pay more for the same thing 39. According to Paragraph 3, which of the foll

47、owing can work on consumers? A. Creating a festival atmosphere. B. Following the current fashion. C. Preparing more free samples. D. Offering a bigger discount. 40. Why do we buy brand-name gifts during the holiday? A. They are more reliable. B. They are a sign of social status. C. They make people

48、feel valued. D. They are favored by most people. 41. To avoid overspending, the author suggests we . A. buy in the moment B. reduce our budget C. return unnecessary products D. make a plan in advance D D The Impossible Burger is entirely free of meat. But it looks, smells, feels 9 andmost importantl

49、ytastes so much like real hamburger beef. In fact, plant-based burger alternatives have set off a strong resistance from the beef industry. The Center for Consumer Freedom, a nonprofit that advocates on behalf of the fast food and meat industries has launched an “informational” campaign targeting plant-based meats. The campaign has included TV and online ads, as well as print ads in newspapers. The ads seem to imply that not only is an artificial burger too p