专八改错历届真题及答案.pptx

1、专八改错历届真题及答案应该加上不定冠词。3.rather改为 not题解：根据原句的句子结构，rather 应改为 not。4.is 改为 was题解：此句应该为过去时。5.in 改为 at题解：at the turn of 19th century“十九世纪之初”，是固定搭配。6.the 删去第二个 the题解：这里并没有特指某种语言，所以不用定冠词。7viewtranslation加入 that题解：在 view 和 translation 之间加上 that，可将“translation was成 view 的同位语。impossible”看8.was删去 was题解：条件状语从句常可以

2、省略主语和系动词。9.culminatedthe加入 in题解：culminate in 是“以.告终”的意思，符合上下文含义。10.and 改为 but题解：根据原句意思“现在背景变化了，但是基本问题依然存在”，两句话之间应该是转 折关系。2011 年专八真题改错部分From a very early age,perhaps the age of five or six,I knew that when I grew I should be a writer.Between the ages of aboutseventeen and twenty-four I tried to aband

3、on this idea,but I did so with the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that1 2 soon or later I should have to settle down and write 3 I was thechild of three,but there was a gap of five yearson either side,and I barely saw my father before I was eight.For this and other reasons I was

4、somewhat lonely,and I soon developedbooks.4 disagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my5 8 9 10 schooldays.I had the lonely childs habit of making up stories andholding conversations with imaginative persons,and I think from6 the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with th

5、e feeling of7 being isolated and undervalued.I knew that I had a facility with wordsand a power of facing in unpleasant facts,and I felt that this created a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failurein everyday life.Therefore,the volume of serious i.e.seriously intended writi

6、ng which I produced all through my childhood and boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages.I wrote my firstpoem at the age of four or five,my mother taking it down to dictation.1，在 grow 后加 up,考固定短语2，改 consience 为 consciousness考词语区别，consience 翻译为“良心，道德心”,consiousness 翻译为“意识”3，改 soon 为 sooner，soo

7、ner or later 是固定短语4，在 child 前加 middle,考上下文理解。作者是三个孩子句中的那位5，改 disagreeing 为 disagreeable，disagreeing 只能作动名词，不能作形容词。disagreeablemannernisms 令人讨厌的习惯6，改 imaginative 为 imaginary,考词语区别 译为“想象的，虚构的”imaginative 翻译为“有想象力的”，imaginary 翻2010 年专八真题改错部分So far as we can tell,all human languages are equally complete

8、 and perfect as instruments of communication:that is,every language appears to be well equipped as any other to say the things their speakers want to say.2 1 Theremayormaynotbeappropriateto primitive3 talkaboutpeoples or cultures,but that is another matter.Certainly,not all groups of people are equa

9、lly competent in nuclear physics orpsychology or the cultivation of rice.Whereas this is not the5 6 9 life.4 fault of their language.The Eskimos,it is said,can speak about snow with further more precision and subtlety than we can in English,but this is not because the Eskimo language(one of those so

10、metimes miscalled primitive)is inherently more precise and subtle than English.This example does not come to light a defect in English,a show of unexpected primitiveness.The position issimply and obviously that the Eskimos and the English live in similar7 environments.The English language will be ju

11、st as rich in terms8 for different kinds of snow,presumably,if the environments in whichEnglishwas habitually used made such distinction as important.Similarly,we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language could be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufactureor cricket if these to

12、pics formed the part of the Eskimos 10 2010 年专八真题改错参考答案以及分词1 be 后插入 as;2 their 改为 its;3 There 改为 It;asas 引导的比较级its 代替 every languageIt 此处作为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式differenceor even09 专八改错原题The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passesfrom one school child to the next and illustrates the further

13、 (1)between school lore and nursery lore.In nursery lore a verse,learnt in early childhood,is not usually passed on again when the (2)little listenerhas grown up,and has children of their own,(3)grandchildren.The period between learning a nursery rhyme and transmitting itmaybesomethingfromtwentytose

14、venty (4)years.Withtheplayground lore,(5)on within the very (6)therefore,arhymemaybeexcitedlypassedhour it is learnt;and in the general,it passesbetween children of the same age,or nearly so,since it is uncommon for the difference in age between playmates to be more than five years.If,therefore,a pl

15、ayground rhyme can be shown to have beencurrently for a hundred years,or even just for fifty,it follows that it (7)hasbeenretransmittedoverandover;verypossiblyithaspassed (8)along a chain of two or three hundred young hearers and tellers,and the wonder is that it remains live after so much handling,

16、(9)to let alone that it bears resemblance to the (10)答案分析：(1)the further difference 改为 a further difference（此次应该用不定冠词表示泛指）(2)改 when 为 until,结构 not.until 翻译为“直到才”(3)their 改为 his（代词与前文 a little listener 在单复数上保持一致）(4)something 改为 anything 此处指二十到七十的任何时段(5)therefore 改为 however（根据上下文逻辑关系）(6)in the general

17、 去掉 the（习惯用法 in general 表示总的来说，一般不用冠词）(7)currently 改为 current（这里起的是表语的作用，需要形容词而不是副词）(8)it has passed 改为 it has been passed（与分号前的被动保持一致）(9)live 改为 alivealive 翻译为“鲜活的”，一般作补语；live 翻译为“现场转播的；活的”，一般作定语(10)to let alone 改为 let alone(let alone 为习惯搭配，意思是“更不用说2008 年专八真题短文改错The desire to use language as a sign

18、 of national identity is a very natural one,and in result language has played a prominent part in national moves.Men have often felt the need to cultivate a given language to show that they are distinctive from another race whose hegemony they resent.At the time the United States split off from Brit

19、ain,for example,there were proposals that independence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a different language from those of Britain.There was even one proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew.Others favouredthe adoption of Greek,though,as one man put it,things would certainly be sim

20、pler for Americans if they stuck on to English and made the British learn Greek.At the end,as everyone knows,the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactory solution of carrying with the same language as before.Since nearly two hundred years now,they have shown the world that political inde

21、pendence and national identity can be complete without sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a common language.20081.in result 改成 in consequence，2 moves 改成 movements.3 distinctive 改成 distinct 或 different 4 在 time 后加 when5 accepted 改成 realized 6 those 改成 that7 删除 on,8 At 改成 In9 carrying with

22、改成 carrying on with10 now 改成 ago 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 07 专八真题 短文改错From what has been said,it must be clear that no one can make very positive statements about how language originated.There is no material in any language today and in the earliest records of ancient languages show us language in a new

23、 and emerging state.It is often said,of course,that the language originated in cries of anger,fear,pain and pleasure,and the necessary evidence is entirely lacking:there are no remote tribes,no ancient records,providing evidence ofa language with a large proportion of such cries than we find in Engl

24、ish.It is true that the absenceof such evidence does not disprove the theory,but in other grounds too the theory is not very attractive.People of all races and languages make rather similar noises in return to pain or pleasure.The fact thatsuch noises are similar on the lips of Frenchmenand Malaysia

25、ns whose languages are utterly different,serves to emphasize on the fundamental difference between these noises and language proper.We maysay that the cries of pain or chortles of amusementare largely reflex actions,instinctive to large extent,whereas language proper does not consist of signsbut of

26、these that have to be learnt and that are wholly conventional.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1,改 and 为 or,any languagages today or recordsof ancient languages 是并列成分，在否定句 中用 or2,改 show 为 showing,现在分词作定语3，删除 the,表示泛指4，改 and 为 but,根据语境此处是转折5，改 large 为 larger,后面有 than,应该用比较级6，改 in 为 on,on other grounds“基于其它理由”，为固

27、定搭配 7，改 return 为 response,in response to“对作出反应”8，删除 on,emphasize sthemphasize 是及物动词9，在 large 前加 a,extent 是可数名词，前面要加冠词。to a large extent翻译为“在很大程 度上”10，改 these 为 thosethose that/who 为固定形式2006 专八短文改错We use language primarily as a means of communication withother human beings.Each of us shares with the

28、community in which we live a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular message:the English speaker has in his disposal vocabulary and aset of grammatical rules which enables him to communicate histhoughts and fe

29、elings,in a variety of styles,to the other English 5 speakers.His vocabulary,in particular,both that which he uses active-ly and that which he recognises,increases in size as he growsold as a result of education and experience.6 But,whether the language store is relatively small or large,the system

30、remains no more than a psychological reality for the individual,unless1 2 3 4 7mosthe has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by anothermember of his linguistic community;he bas to give the system aconcretetransmissionform.Wetakeitforgrantedthetwo 8common forms of transmission-by means

31、 of sounds produced by ourvocalorgans(speech)orbyvisualsigns(writing).Andtheseare 9 amongmoststrikingofhumanachievements.10 1,改 agreeing 为 agreedagreed conventions 翻译为“习俗”2，words 前加 the,此处为特指3，改 in 为 atat ones disposal 为固定短语，翻译为“由某人做主”4，改 enables 为 enable，定语从句与先行词 vocabulary and a set of grammatical

32、 rules 保持一 致5，删除 the,此处需要泛指6，改 old 为 older,此处需要比较级7，改 seen 为 understood，system 应该是被理解8，删除 ittake sth for grantedtake it for granted that 9,改 or 为 and,语境需要并列关系而不需选择关系10，most 前加 the,形容词最高级中 that 一般不能省略2005 年专八真题短文改错The University as BusinesA number of colleges and universities have announced steep tui

33、tion increases for next year much steeper than the current,very low rate of inflation.They say the increases are needed becauseof a loss in value of university endowments heavily investing in common 1 stock.I am skeptical.A business firm chooses the price that maximizesits net revenues,irrespective

34、fluctuations in income;and increasingly the 2 outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of 3 business firms.The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty 4 increases the demand for education.The biggest cost of beingin the school is foregoing incom

35、e from a job(this is primarily a factor in 5 graduate and professional-school tuition);the poor ones job prospects,6 the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,in order to make oneself more marketable.The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students

36、 7 include soft majors,student evaluations of teachers,giving studentsagovernancerole,and courses.eliminaterequired 8 Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as customers.Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the 9 rigors of competition,universities collude

37、to minimize the cost to them of the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations,so the best athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries earlier from professional teams.And until they were stopped by the antitrust authorities,the Ivy League schools col

38、luded to limit competition for the best students,by agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit rather than purelyof need-just like business firms agreeing not to give discounts on their best 10 customer.1.investing 应改为 invested，过去分词作定语2.在 irrespective 和 fluctuations 之间加上介词 of。irrespect

39、iveOf 是一固定用法，意指“不论，不管，不顾，”等，此处指公司不顾收入的波动变化。3.把 those 改为 that，that 此处代替 outlook4.在 fact 和 economic 之间力口上关系代词 that。这是一个同位语从语，that 在同位语从句中是不 能省略的.5.把定冠词 the 去掉,in school 表示上学这个抽象意义6.把形容词 poor 改为其比较级 poorer。这句中的 poor 与后面的 more 形成一对比较关系，表示“越越”7.在 ways 和 which 之间加上一个介词 in。8.这里应该用动词的lng 形式，即 eliminating，以便

40、使句型结构与前面的 giving(students governance role)保持一致，否则句子结构和意思都显得不正确。9.将 shorten(缩短；使变短)改为 reduce/lesson/weaken。此处属于用词不当。a10将 to give discounts on 改为 to give discounts to their best customer。意为实业公司给最 好的客户提供优惠。Give discounts to sb 为固定短语2004 改错One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U.S C

41、ongressis the power to investigate.This power is usually delegated to committees-either(1)(2)standing committees,special committees set for a specific purpose,or joint committees consisted of members of both houses.Investigations are held to gather information on the need forfuture legislation,to te

42、st the effectiveness of laws already passed,to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members andofficialsoftheotherbranches,andinrareoccasions,tolaythe(3)groundwork for impeachment proceedings.Frequently,committeesrelyoutsideexpertstoassistinconductinginvestigative(4)hearingsand to make

43、 out detailed studies of issues.There are important corollaries to the investigative power.One is the power to publicize investigations and its results.Most committee hearings are open to public and are reportedwidely in the mass media.Congressional investigationsnevertheless represent one important

44、 tool available to lawmakersto inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues.(9)Congressional committees also have the power to compel testimony from unwilling witnesses,and to cite for contempt of Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjury of(5)(6)(7)(8)these

45、who give false testimony.(10)1.,在 set 后加 up,set up“建立、成立”是固定短语2.答案：consisted consisting/composed 3.答案：in on【详细解答】固定搭配 on.occasions 4.答案 rely 后加 on【详细解答】固定搭配 rely on sb.to do something 5.答案：make out make【详细解答】makeout意思是“辨认出”，而此处意思是“对.做详细的研究”，故用“make2003 改错Demographic indicators show that Americans in

46、 the postwarperiod were more eager than ever to establish families.They quickly brought down the age at marriage for both men and women and broughtthe birth rate to a twentieth century height after more than a hundred (1)years of a steady decline,producing the“baby boom.”These young adults establish

47、ed a trend of early marriage and relatively large families that went for more than two decades and caused a majorbut temporary reversal of long-term demographic patterns.Fromthe 1940s through the early 1960s,Americans married at a high rate and at a younger age than their Europe counterparts.Less no

48、ted but equally more significant,the men and women who formed families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced thedivorce rate after a postwar peak;their marriages remained intact to(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)a greater extent than did that of couples who married in (8)as later decades.Since the United Sta

49、tes maintained its dubious distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world,the temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent inearlier as well(9)(10)Europe.Contrary to fears of the experts,the role of breadwinner and homemaker was not abandoned.1.答案：heighthigh，high 作为名词翻译

50、为“最高水平”，又如 reach an all-time high2.答案：删除 a【详细解答】此处 steady decline 指稳定下降的行为、过程而不是其结果，为不可数名词，故 应去掉定冠词 a。3.答案：went 后加 on【详细解答】go on 为固定搭配，意为“持续”。4.答案：highhigher【详细解答】后面有 than，此处应为比较级。5.答案：EuropeEuropean【详细解答】根据上下文，此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词 counterparts。6.答案：more【详细解答】由上下文可知，more 与 equally 矛盾，故应去掉。7.答案：nevertheles