(浙江专用)2020版高考英语一轮复习专题十一词义猜测阅读课件.pptx

1、(浙江专用)2020版高考英语一轮复习专题十一词义猜测阅读课件A A组组 自主命题自主命题浙江卷题组浙江卷题组五年高考Passage 1(2019浙江6月,B)词数:306Money with no strings attached.Its not something you see every day.But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month,a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read,“Give What You Can,T

2、ake What You Need.”People quickly caught on.And while many took dollars,many others pinned their own cash to the board.“People of all ages,races,and socio-economic(社会经济的)backgrounds gave and took,”said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox,which created the project.“We even had a bride in her wedding dress c

3、ome up to the board and take a few dollars.”Most of the bills on the board were singles,but a few people left fives,tens and even twenties.The video clip(片段)shows one man who had found a$20 bill pinning it to the board.“What I can say for the folks that gave the most,is that they were full of smiles

4、,”Bridges said.“Theres a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most.”Most people who took dollars took only a few,but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign,Bridges said th

5、e only goal was to show generosity and sympathy.He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.“After all,everyone has bad days and good days,”he said.“Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the he

6、lping hand.”1.What does the expression“money with no strings attached”in paragraph 1 mean?A.Money spent without hesitation.B.Money not legally made.C.Money offered without conditions.D.Money not tied together.2.What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride?A.Women tended to be more sociable.

7、B.The activity attracted various people.C.Economic problems were getting worse.D.Young couples needed financial assistance.3.Why did Bridges carry out the project?A.To do a test on peoples morals.B.To raise money for his company.C.To earn himself a good reputation.D.To promote kindness and sympathy.

8、答案答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为社会进步与人类文明。文章讲述了Tyler Bridges在洛杉矶发起的一项展示人性善良和同情心的测试活动。文章侧重于培养学生正确的人生观和价值观。1.C词义猜测题。本题题干意为:第一段中的词组“money with no strings attached”是什么意思?该词组是整个文章的核心信息。文章讲述Tyler Bridges在洛杉矶的Union Station放了一块公告牌,上面钉着一些钞票,并写着“留下你所能捐赠的,拿走你所需要的”。因此C项(无条件提供的钱)符合题意。A:毫不犹豫花的钱;B:非法赚得的钱;D:没有捆在一

9、起的钱。2.B推理判断题。在文章的第二段,作者描述了各年龄段的、各个种族的和各种社会经济背景的人都来捐赠和取用。作者提到新娘的目的是说明有各种各样的人参与了活动。因此B项(活动吸引了各种各样的人)符合题意。A:女人往往更善于交际;C:经济问题越来越严重;D:年轻夫妻需要财务援助。3.D推理判断题。根据文章第四段的“Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy(Bridges说,唯一的目的是展示慷慨和同情)”可知,他开展这项研究的目的是宣传善良和同情心,故D项正确。A:检验人们的道德;B:为他的公司募捐;C:为了给他

10、自己赢得好名声。高考热词高考热词attach v.附上,系catch on 理解,明白background n.背景apparent adj.明显的 generosity n.慷慨,大方sympathy n.同情心长难句长难句 原句:Theres a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most.分析:本句是并列复合句。其主干是Theres a certain feeling and that was apparent in those。其中第一个分句中,

11、that giving can do for you是定语从句,修饰feeling;第二个分句中,that gave the most是定语从句,修饰those。译文:给予可以给你带来某种感觉,那种感觉在那些给予得最多的人身上体现得很明显。Passage 2(2018浙江11月,C)词数:310I start every summer with the best of intentions:to attack one big book from the past,a classic that I was supposed to have read when young and ambitiou

12、s.Often the pairings of books and settings have been purely accidental:“Moby Dick”on a three-day cross-country train trip;“The Magic Mountain”in a New England beachside cottage with no locks on the doors,no telephones or tele-visions in the rooms,and little to do beyond row on the salt pond.Attempti

13、ng“The Man Without Qualities”on a return to Hawaii,my native state,however,was less fruitful:I made it through one and a quarter volumes(册),then decided that Id got the point and went swimming instead.But this summer I find myself at a loss.Im not quite interested in Balzac,say,or“Tristram Shandy.”T

14、heres always“War and Peace,”which Ive covered some distance several times,only to get bogged down in the“War”part,set it aside for a while,and realize that I have to start over from the beginning again,having forgotten everyones name and social rank.How ap-pealing to simply fall back on a favoriteon

15、ce more into“The Waves”or“Justine,”which feels almost like cheating,too exciting and too much fun to properly belong in serious literature.And then theres Stendhals“The Red and the Black,”which happens to be the name of my fa-vorite cocktail(鸡尾酒)of the summer,created by Michael Cecconi at Savoy and

16、Back Forty.It is easy to drink,and knocking back three or four seems like such a delightful idea.Cecconis theory:“I take whatevers fresh at the greenmarket and turn it into liquid.”The result is a pure shot of afternoon in the park,making one feel cheerful and peaceful all at once,lying on uncut gra

17、ss with eyes shut,sun beating through the lids.1.What can we infer about the author from the first paragraph?A.He has a cottage in New England.B.He shows talents for literature.C.He enjoys reading when traveling.D.He admires a lot of great writers.2.What do the underlined words“get bogged down”in pa

18、ragraph 2 mean?A.Get confused.B.Be carried away.C.Be interrupted.D.Make no progress.3.Why does the author say reading his favorite books feels like cheating?A.He finishes them quickly.B.He should read something serious.C.He barely understands them.D.He has read them many times before.4.What can be a

19、 suitable title for the text?A.The Books of SummerB.My Summer HolidaysC.To Read or Not to ReadD.Its Never Too Late to Read答案答案语篇解读作者在文章中讲述了自己夏天读书的经历以及感受。1.C推理判断题。从第一段描述可以看出,作者所举的三个读书的例子都是在旅途中,因此C项正确。A项尽管提到了cottage,但是并不是作者的财产。B、D两项都是文中没有提到的信息。2.D词义猜测题。根据下文的“set it aside”以及“start over from the beginni

20、ng again”可知,作者在几次读战争与和平这本书时,都只看到了“战争”这一部分,然后就搁置一旁,之后再从头开始读,由此可知作者读到“战争”这一部分后就毫无进展了。因此D项正确。3.B推理判断题。根据上下文可知,作者在文章开始就提到要读经典作品(to attack one big book from the past,a classic that I was supposed to have read when young and ambitious)。但是,作者在读像战争与和平那样的作品时感觉到很累,没有成就感,于是就特别想去读那些自己曾经读过的、最喜欢的作品,也就是能读得懂的作品,因此感

21、觉像作弊一样。因此B项正确。4.A主旨要义题。本文讲述的是作者在夏天读书的经历和感受,介绍了作者阅读的书籍的名称、种类以及阅读书籍时的感受,文章的核心词是summer 和reading,因此A项“夏天的书籍”符合文章主旨。高考热词高考热词intention n.打算,目标pairing n.搭配setting n.环境;情节背景fruitful adj.丰富的,硕果累累的at a loss迷惑,不知所措cover some distance读了一部分,走了一段距离start over从头开始fall back on转向,转头knock back快速喝掉长难句长难句 原句:Theres alwa

22、ys“War and Peace,”which Ive covered some distance several times,only to get bogged down in the“War”part,set it aside for a while,and realize that I have to start over from the beginning again,having forgotten everyones name and social rank.分析:主句是Theres always“War and Peace.”which引导的是非限制性定语从句。在定语从句中,

23、only to get bogged down in the“War”part,set it aside for a while,and realize.是状语。译文:(我)一直在看战争与和平。这本书的一部分我已经读了好几次。但是总是会在“战争”的地方停下来,把它先放起来,然后意识到我不得不再从头看。因为总是会忘记每个人的名字和社会阶层。Passage 3(2018浙江6月,B)词数:280Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks.His strange habit makes sense when you consider that hes an

24、 environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter,including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road.What is even more interesting is that one of Steins jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic

25、bags every year.So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(收银台).The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California,including Los Angeles.Eyeing these headwinds,plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the c

26、ase that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.Among the bag makers arguments:many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags,which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport.And while plas-tic bags may be ugly to look at,they

27、represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground to-day.The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement:reusable shop-ping bags.The stronger a reusable bag is,the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out.However,longer-lasting reusable

28、bags often require more energy to make.One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.Environmentalists dont dispute(质疑)these points.They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.1

29、.What has Steven Stein been hired to do?A.Help increase grocery sales.B.Recycle the waste material.C.Stop things falling off trucks.D.Argue for the use of plastic bags.2.What does the word“headwinds”in paragraph 2 refer to?A.Bans on plastic bags.B.Effects of city development.C.Headaches caused by ga

30、rbage.D.Plastic bags hung in trees.3.What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?A.They are quite expensive.B.Replacing them can be difficult.C.They are less strong than plastic bags.D.Producing them requires more energy.4.What is the best title for the text?A.Plastic,Pap

31、er or NeitherB.Industry,Pollution and EnvironmentC.Recycle or Throw AwayD.Garbage Collection and Waste Control答案答案语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。文章论述的主题是一次性塑料袋究竟对环境好不好,塑料袋和纸袋哪个好。1.D细节理解题。从第一段的最后一句What is even more interesting is that one of Steins jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.可知,Steve

32、n被公司雇用是为了维护塑料袋制造业,因此D项正确,意为“为塑料袋的使用进行辩护”。2.A词义猜测题。前句提到禁止使用塑料袋。此处的headwinds指的就是禁止使用塑料袋,因此A项正确。3.D 细节理解题。从文章第四段的However,longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.可知,生产可以循环使用的购物袋需要花费更多的能源。所以D项正确。4.A主旨要义题。本文论述的主要内容是塑料袋好还是纸质的袋子好。因此A项符合文章主题,意为“塑料(袋)、纸(袋)还是都不用”。高考热词高考热词defend n.保护prohi

33、bit v.禁止purchase v.购买长难句长难句 原句:His strange habit makes sense when you consider that hes an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter,including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road.分析:本句是一个比较复杂的主从复合句。其中主句是:His strange habit makes sense;when引导一个时间状语从句,在从句中,con

34、sider后面的that引导宾语从句,而who则引导定语从句。“how+不定式”作定语从句中studies的宾语。including things是介词词组,作状语,后面有that引导的定语从句和as引导的时间状语从句。译文:当你考虑到他是一个环境科学家的时候,他的奇怪的习惯就可以理解了。他研究如何减少垃圾,包括那些从路上行驶的垃圾车上掉下来的东西。Passage 4(2017浙江11月,A)词数:280When I was in fourth grade,I worked part-time as a paperboy.Mrs.Stanley was one of my cus-tomers

35、.Shed watch me coming down her street,and by the time Id biked up to her doorstep,thered be a cold drink waiting,Id sit and drink while she talked.Mrs.Stanley talked mostly about her dead husband.“Mr.Stanley and I went shopping this morn-ing,”shed say.The first time she said that,soda(汽水)went up my

36、nose.I told my father how Mrs.Stanley talked as if Mr.Stanley were still alive.Dad said she was proba-bly lonely,and that I ought to sit and listen and nod my head and smile,and maybe shed work it out of her system.So thats what I did,and it turned out Dad was right.After a while she seemed content

37、to leave her husband over at the cemetery(墓地).I finally quit delivering newspapers and didnt see Mrs.Stanley for several years.Then we crossed paths at a church fund-raiser(募捐活动).She was spooning mashed potatoes and looking happy.Four years before,shed had to offer her paperboy a drink to have someo

38、ne to talk with.Now she had friends.Her husband was gone,but life went on.I live in the city now,and my paperboy is a lady named Edna with three kids.She asks me how Im doing.When I dont say“fine,”she sticks around to hear my problems.Shes lived in the city most of her life,but she knows about commu

39、nity.Community isnt so much a place as it is a state of mind.You find it whenever people ask how youre doing because they care,and not be-cause theyre getting paid to do so.Sometimes its good to just smile,nod your head and listen.1.Why did soda go up the authors nose one time?A.He was talking fast.

40、B.He was shocked.C.He was in a hurry.D.He was absent-minded.2.Why did the author sit and listen to Mrs.Stanley according to paragraph 3?A.He enjoyed the drink.B.He wanted to be helpful.C.He took the chance to rest.D.He tried to please his dad.3.Which of the following can replace the underlined phras

41、e“work it out of her system”?A.recover from her sadnessB.move out of the neighborhoodC.turn to her old friendsD.speak out about her past4.What does the author think people in a community should do?A.Open up to others.B.Depend on each other.C.Pay for others help.D.Care about one another.答案答案语篇解读本文是一篇

42、夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己帮助一位失去丈夫的妇人走出悲痛,恢复精神的经历,呼吁人们要相互帮助,相互慰藉。1.B推理判断题。作者已经知道Stanley太太的丈夫已经去世,当听到她说她早上和她丈夫去购物了,当然是感到吃惊的,因此选B。2.B推理判断题。作者的父亲告诉他Stanley太太因为失去丈夫而孤独,要是作者能认真倾听,可能会帮她康复。所以,作者就照他父亲的话去做,认真倾听,其目的就是为了帮助妇人。3.A词义猜测题。此处作者父亲的意思就是如果有人能认真倾听并交流,就可能帮助她走过这一段孤独,帮她恢复正常。因此此处选A,意思是“从悲痛中恢复过来”。4.D推理判断题。本文的目的就是通过自己帮助Sta

43、nley太太康复的经历来呼吁人们要相互帮助,相互关心。最后一段的最后两句话更进一步明确了这个主题。高考热词高考热词content adj.满意的mostly adv.主要地,通常deliver v.投递B B组组 统一命题、省统一命题、省(区、市区、市)卷题组卷题组Passage 1(2019课标全国,B)词数:329For Canaan Elementarys second grade in Patchogue,N.Y.,today is speech day,and right now its Chris Palaezs turn.The 8-year-old is the joker o

44、f the class.With shining dark eyes,he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.But hes nervous.“Im here to tell you today why you should.should.”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers.His teacher,Thomas Wha-ley,is next to him,whisper

45、ing support.“.Vote for.me.”Except for some stumbles,Chris is doing amazingly well.When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.A son of immigrants,Chris started learning English a little over three years ago.Whaley recalls(回想起)how at the beginning

46、 of the year,when called upon to read,Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience.What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.“It takes a lot for any student,”Whaley explains,“especial-ly for a student who is lear

47、ning English as their new language,to feel confident enough to say,I dont know,but I want to know.”Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.The answer broke his heart

48、.Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public.He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.“Boasting about yourself,and your best qualities,”Whaley says,“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”1.What made

49、Chris nervous?A.Telling a story.B.Making a speech.C.Taking a test.D.Answering a question.2.What does the underlined word“stumbles”in paragraph 2 refer to?A.Improper pauses.B.Bad manners.C.Spelling mistakes.D.Silly jokes.3.We can infer that the purpose of Whaleys project is to .A.help students see th

50、eir own strengthsB.assess students public speaking skillsC.prepare students for their future jobsD.inspire students love for politics4.Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?A.Humorous.B.Ambitious.C.Caring.D.Demanding.答案答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文,主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容为老师与学生。文章讲述了Whaley老师关爱学生,鼓励学生发