中考英语专项简单句与复合句课件.pptx

1、 中考专项十中考专项十简单句与复合句简单句与复合句 状语从句4 4XX年年12月大学优秀团员入党申请书范例月大学优秀团员入党申请书范例(2)XX年年12月大学优秀团员入党申请书月大学优秀团员入党申请书敬爱的党组织敬爱的党组织:我自愿加入国共产党我自愿加入国共产党,国共产党是国工人阶级的先国共产党是国工人阶级的先锋队锋队,是国各族人民利益的忠实代表是国各族人民利益的忠实代表,是国社会主义是国社会主义事业的领导核心。党的最终目标是实现共产主义的事业的领导核心。党的最终目标是实现共产主义的社会制度。国共产党从马克思主义、列宁主义、毛社会制度。国共产党从马克思主义、列宁主义、毛泽东思想作为自己的行动指

2、南。泽东思想作为自己的行动指南。我国社会主义初级阶段党的基本路线是我国社会主义初级阶段党的基本路线是:领导和团领导和团结全国各族人民结全国各族人民,以经济建设为心以经济建设为心,坚持社会主义道坚持社会主义道路、坚持人民民主专政、坚持国共产党的领导、坚路、坚持人民民主专政、坚持国共产党的领导、坚持马列主义毛泽东思想持马列主义毛泽东思想,坚持改革开放坚持改革开放,自力更生自力更生,艰艰苦创业苦创业,为把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社为把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义现代化国家而奋斗。会主义现代化国家而奋斗。我认真学习了党团知识我认真学习了党团知识,通过学习使我了解到国共通过学习使我了解到

3、国共产党是全国各族人民的领导核心。党的领导地位是产党是全国各族人民的领导核心。党的领导地位是由党的工人阶级先锋队性质决定的由党的工人阶级先锋队性质决定的,是经过长时间是经过长时间斗争考验形成的。作为我个人来讲只有坚定地信仰斗争考验形成的。作为我个人来讲只有坚定地信仰马克思主义马克思主义,树立无产阶级的世界观、人生观。做树立无产阶级的世界观、人生观。做一个彻底的唯物主义者一个彻底的唯物主义者,在大是大非面前在大是大非面前,才能做出才能做出正确的选择正确的选择,才能站在科学一边才能站在科学一边,站在真理一边。一站在真理一边。一个人如果抛弃了马克思主义个人如果抛弃了马克思主义,抛弃了唯物主义抛弃了唯

4、物主义,那么那么他的世界观将是歪曲的世界观他的世界观将是歪曲的世界观,他的思想必将被那他的思想必将被那些歪理邪说所控制。些歪理邪说所控制。国共产党是全国各国共产党是全国各状语从句分类时间状语从句时间状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句目的状语从句目的状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句比较状语从句比较状语从句1_ I am in trouble,my classmates will help me out.ABefore BWhenever CAlthough DAs2We will certainly enter a good

5、high school _ we work hard.Yes.Our dream will come true by working hard.Aas soon as Bas long as Cas far as Deven if3Well have a picnic if it _ tomorrow.Have a nice day.Awont rain Bwill rain Cdoesnt rain DrainsBBC4Come and join us，Betty！Im afraid I cant.Im too busy now.If I _ time,I would certainly g

6、o.Ahave Bhave had Cwill have Dhad D【考点梳理】中考对状语从句的考查主要集中在时间、原因和条件状语从句上。尤其应当注意当主句为一般将来时，时间和条件状语从句用一般现在时。初中阶段常见状语从句用法见下表：时间状语从句when/while/asbefore，aftersince，untilas soon asShe was cooking when someone knocked at the door.I didnt go to bed until she came back.Ill come to see you as soon as I arrive the

7、re.条件状语从句ifas long asunlessIll go to see you if I have time.They will have a picnic unless it rains next Sunday.原因状语从句becausesinceas forHe didnt catch the first bus because he got up too late.We should study hard since we are students.目的状语从句so thatin order thatPlease say it in a loud voice so that e

8、veryone can hear it.结果状语从句so thatsothatsuch thatIts so hot that we want to go swimming.It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it away.让步状语从句though/although，even if，whenever，whateverThough he looks weak，he is healthy.比较状语从句thanasasnot as/soasHe ran as fast as Mike.地点状语从句where，whereverSit whereve

9、r you like.时间状语从句的分类1.表示同时性，即主从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。包括：when（当时候），while（当时候），as（当时候），as soon as（一就），once（一旦就）等。2.表示先后，即主句的谓语动作发生在从句之前或之后。包括：after（在之后），before（在之前）。3.表示持续或瞬间性。包括：since（自从），ever since（自从），until（直到才/为止)，till（直到才/为止)。易错点.在时间状语从句中，要注意时态一致。一般情况下，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时（即“主将从现”或“主祈从现”）；主句是过去时态，从句也要用相

10、应的过去时态。.as“当的时候”，一般和 when/while 通用。着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生。while从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。条件状语从句易错点.在条件状语从句中，要注意时态一致。一般情况下，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时（即“主将从现”一般现在时态表示将来或“主情从现”或“主祈从现”）；主句是过去时态，从句也要用相应的过去时态。2.unless引导条件状语从句。意为“除非，如果不”。遵循“主将从现”“主情从现”“主祈从现”原则。3.if,

11、引导条件状语从句。遵循“主将从现”“主情从现”“主祈从现”原则。引导宾语从句。意为“是否”，=whether 时态遵循宾语从句时态。原因状语从句连接词连接词语气语气位置位置（主句前（主句前/后）后）意义意义because最强前或后“原因”；表客观因果关系。as较强前“由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由。since较弱前“既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由。for次弱后“理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由。【典例】用because,since,for,as填空。考查原因状语从句连接词。1.2.4表示原因，语气较弱，1表示“既然”选用since，2表示“对某一事实进行推断”选用for，4表示“众所周知”

12、的理由选用as。1._ you do not understand,I will explain again.2.He must be ill,_ he is absent today.3._ he was ill,he didnt go to school.4._ she was late for school,she had to say sorry.SinceforBecauseAs原因状语从句易错点.because常回答why引导的疑问句，从句一般位于主句后；as，since语气较弱，不回答why引导的问句，从句一般位于主句前。2.because和so不能同在一个句子中。3.for是并

13、列连词，引导的句子不置于句首，是一种非直接的、随便附加说明的理由或推断。4.because和because of也有明显区别。because后面要跟从句，而because of后面跟名词短语。注意：1在条件和时间状语从句中应用一般现在时态表示将来。主将从现2though与but；because与so不能用在同一个句子中。3while引导时间状语从句，从句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词while.doing4tooto与sothat与enough to do sth.之间可互换。5if条件从句可与“祈使句and/or”互换。如：If we dont hurry，well miss the train

14、.Hurry up，or well miss the train.1.Mark isnt coming to the concert _ _ he has got too much work to do.Aso Buntil Calthough Dbecause2.You bought the car about ten years ago?Yes._ _ its old,it still runs well.ABecause BSince CAlthough DBut3.We will have no water to drink _ _ _ we dont protect the eart

15、h.Auntil Bbefore Cthough DifD“太多工作要做”是“没有来音乐会”的原因。C考查让步状语从句。句意“尽管旧了，但它运转很好”。D考查if引导的条件状语从句。句意“如果我们不保护地球，我们将没有水喝。”4.I enjoy fresh air so I always with the window open _ it is really cold.Aunless Bwhen Cif Dsince5.Zhou Libo is my favourite funny man.He is good at making people laugh.His lively shows w

16、ere _ hot that tickets were sold out in minutes.Avery Btoo Csuch DsoA句意“我喜欢新鲜空气，因此我总是让窗户开着，除非真的很冷。”故unless“除非”符合题意。D句中的句型为sothat意为“如此以至于”，so用来修饰形容词或副词；such也构成这一句型，但such用来修饰名词。1Mr.Smith is popular at school _ he always makes his class interesting.Awhile Balthough Cuntil Dbecause2_ Frank left school a

17、t 16,he still became a successful writer.AEver since BIn fact CAfter all DEven though3Her grandfather lives a simple life _ he has much money.Abecause Bso Cthough Dif4If I _ a bird,I _ fly in the blue sky.Awas；would Bam；will Cwill be；will Dwere；wouldDDCD5I dont know if his uncle _I think he _ if he

18、is free.Awill come；comes Bwill come；willCcomes；comes Dcomes；will6If I make a lot of money I _ give some to medical research or charities.Aam going to BcanCwill DshouldBC7If we _ take environmental problems seriously,the earth _ worse and worse.Adont；will be Bwont；isnt Cwont；is Ddont；wont be8_ we fel

19、t tired,_ we felt happy.A.Though；but BIf；but C.Though；/DIf；/9Eating and drinking on Beijing subway is not allowed.If you _ the rule,youll face a fine(罚款)of up to 500 yuan.Abroke Bbreak Cwill break Dhave brokenACB10Why do you like your history teacher？_ he is very friendly and kind to us.ABecause BWh

20、en CBut DSo11Learning to write is learning to think.You dont know things clearly _ you can write them down.Aunless Bif Csince Dwhether12Please hold on to your dream _ one day it comes true.Aif Buntil Cunless Dthough13The children will climb the hill if it _ tomorrow.Awont rain Bdidnt rainCisnt raini

21、ng Ddoesnt rainAABD14Always look around _ you cross the street，David.OK.I know，Mom.Auntil Bbefore Cunless Dafter15The local living conditions(条件)have improved a lot _ China set up the city of Sansha.And more and more people would like to go there for business.Abefore Bwhen Csince DafterBC16The book

22、was written in _ easy English _ even primary school students could understand it.Aso；that Bsuch；that Ctoo；to Dvery；that17Will you please give the dictionary to Jane?Sure，Ill give it to her _ she arrives here.Abefore Buntil Cbecause Das soon as18What was your brother doing at this time yesterday?He w

23、as reading a magazine _ I was writing an email at home.Aas soon as Bafter Cuntil DwhileBDD 宾语从句5 5三、三、宾语从句三要素宾语从句三要素连连 接接 词词时时 态态语语 序序（一）连接词（一）连接词 1.2.3.（二）语序：（二）语序：陈述句语序陈述句语序 即：陈述句结构（主即：陈述句结构（主+谓谓+其他成分）其他成分）（三）（三）时态时态(时态一致性）时态一致性）1.如果主句的时态是如果主句的时态是一般现在时一般现在时，宾语从，宾语从 句的句的时态根据具体情时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是况来确定，可

24、以是_时态时态。2.如果主句的时态是如果主句的时态是一般过去时一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的，宾语从句只能用相应的_时态时态（一般过去时，（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过过去将来时，过去完成时）。去完成时）。3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理客观真理，即使主句用了，即使主句用了过去时过去时，从句仍用从句仍用 _ 时态时态任任 何何过去过去一般现在一般现在1.当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn 等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。2.当主句的谓语动词是ask,tell,show

25、,teach 等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。定语从句6 6 在复合句中，用来修饰,限定，解释说明主句中某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。所被修饰限定解释说明的名词或代词叫做先行词。能引导定语从句的词叫做关系词，关系词不仅在句中起连接作用，还充当一定的成分。lThe man who lives next to us is a teacher._ _关系词：关系代词（关系词：关系代词（that,which,who,whom,whose）和关系副词）和关系副词(when,where,why)先行词先行词关系词关系词作用作用人人that，who，whom主语，表语，宾语主语，表语，宾语物

26、物that，which主语，表语，宾语主语，表语，宾语所有格（人，物）所有格（人，物）whose定语定语时间时间when状语状语地点地点where状语状语原因原因why状语状语 定语从句中需注意：定语从句中需注意：.有些情况下有些情况下只用关系词只用关系词that,而不宜用而不宜用which This is the most interesting story(that)I have ever heard.The first meeting(that)we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.Here is something(tha

27、t)I will tell you.I can remember well the persons and some pictures(that)I see.Is it the one that you want?I havent got much that I can offer you.Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?2.who、that在指人可以通用，但下列在指人可以通用，但下列宜用宜用 who,不用不用that 1).先行词是先行词是anyone,someone,those时，关系词使用时，关系词使用who Those

28、who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.Is there anyone who wants to go there?2).在在there be 句型中，先行词指人句型中，先行词指人,关系词用关系词用who There is an old man who wants to see you.There are many young men who are against him.定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致。定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致。The man who lives next to us is a teacher.注注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother.