状语从句重点难点课件.ppt

1、状语从句状语从句重点难点知识点拨重点难点知识点拨时间状语从句时间状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Time)1.引导时间状语从句的连接词引导时间状语从句的连接词(1)(1)表示表示“一一就就 。”的结构的结构as soon asno sooner than/hardly(scarcely/barely)whenAs soon as the mother heard/had heard the new that her son was kidnapped,she fainted.He had hardly/scarcely/barely arrived when she star

2、ted complaining.The sun had no sooner started to shine than it was clouded over again.Hardly/Scarcely/Barely had he arrived when she started complaining.No sooner had the sun started to shine than it was clouded over again.时间状语从句时间状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Time)1.引导时间状语从句的连接词引导时间状语从句的连接词(1)(1)表示表示“一一

3、就就 。”的结构的结构the moment/the minute/the second/the instantdirectly/instantly/immediatelyThe moment/The minute/The second/The instant he saw the building on fire,he dialed 999.Directly/Instantly/Immediately he threw the letter into the letter box,he remembered not having put on a stamp.时间状语从句时间状语从句(Adve

4、rbial Clause of Time)1.引导时间状语从句的连接词引导时间状语从句的连接词(2)(2)其他引导时间状语从句的连接词其他引导时间状语从句的连接词the first time/the last time/next time等名词短语等名词短语every time/each time 等名词短语等名词短语by the time 引导时间状语从句，主句谓语动词用完成时。引导时间状语从句，主句谓语动词用完成时。The first time I saw a woman opening the door for a man,I was very surprised.Each time I

5、 went to a formal dinner,I dressed up carefully.By the time the ambulance arrived,the old woman had come to.By the time he graduates from high school,he will have learnt English for 10 years.时间状语从句时间状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Time)2.as while when 的用法的用法 When/while our English teacher was explaining th

6、e grammar to us,the headmaster came in and stopped him.Our English teacher was explaining the grammar to us when the headmaster came in and stopped him.(1)when 表示时间点或时间段，表示时间点或时间段，while只能表示时间段。只能表示时间段。while引导从句中的动词常为延续性动词，可以用进行时。引导从句中的动词常为延续性动词，可以用进行时。As she entered,she responded pleasantly to the i

7、nterviewers greeting.As the day went on,the weather got worse.(2)as 强调伴随，常指两个动作同时发生。若从句表示强调伴随，常指两个动作同时发生。若从句表示“随着随着(时间时间)的流逝，只能用的流逝，只能用as。时间状语从句时间状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Time)2.as while when 的用法的用法 He was walking along the street when he ran into an old friend.I had read only a few lines when I hea

8、rd the bell ringing.He was about to return to the path,when he saw a river nearby,so he went to have a closer look.(3)当主句是过去进行时，过去完成时或当主句是过去进行时，过去完成时或was/were about to do sth.等结构时，从句用等结构时，从句用when引导，且从句中谓语动引导，且从句中谓语动词通常是瞬间动词的一般过去时。这时词通常是瞬间动词的一般过去时。这时when作作“这时这时/正在那时，突然正在那时，突然”解释。解释。时间状语从句时间状语从句(Adver

9、bial Clause of Time)3.after before 的用法的用法 He bought a house after he sold/had sold his car.Before she went to the interview,she made/had made two journeys.(1)after从句和从句和before从句中的时态。从句中的时态。(2)before 与与can 连用，解释为连用，解释为“还来不及还来不及”。Before I could explain,the cashier barked,“Cant you see theres a queue?G

10、o to the end and wait your turn.”时间状语从句时间状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Time)3.after before 的用法的用法(3)It is+时间段时间段+before 时间之后时间之后才才 It is not long before 不久不久 long before 很久以后才很久以后才 before long 不久不久 一会之后一会之后 It was a long time before I got to sleep again.It wont be long before you are of age.He hesitated

11、long before he chose a proper answer.It looks as though it will snow before long.时间状语从句时间状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Time)4.until句型句型(1)Not until 位于句首，主句的主谓结构必须部分倒装。位于句首，主句的主谓结构必须部分倒装。Not until the war ended did they meet again.(2)“It is not until that”是是“not until”句型句型的强调，勿使用倒装。的强调，勿使用倒装。It was not un

12、til the war ended that they met again.地点状语从句地点状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Place)1.引导地点状语从句的连接词引导地点状语从句的连接词where wherever everywhere anywhere2.区别区别where引导的定语从句和状语从句引导的定语从句和状语从句 The Winter Olympic Games are always held where there is plenty of snow.The Winter Olympic Games are always held in the countrie

13、s where there is plenty of snow.地点状语从句地点状语从句定语从句定语从句地点状语从句没有先行词，定语从句有先行词。地点状语从句没有先行词，定语从句有先行词。条件状语从句条件状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Condition)1.常用连接词常用连接词if(如果如果)unless(除非除非)2.其他连接词：其他连接词：as(so)long as/on condition that suppose/supposing/provided/providing(that)only if in case given(the fact)that I will

14、come on condition that John is invited,too.I will go provided the expenses are paid.In case the match is cancelled,what can we do?Only if you practise English as much as possible,are you able to express yourself freely.只要只要假如假如只要只要如果如果 万一万一倘若考虑到倘若考虑到比较比较:You should not ski alone in case you fall.比较比

15、较:If only the innocent people had not been killed in the war.原因状语从句原因状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Cause)1.because since as for的用法区别的用法区别 He disturbed me because I was new.Since you are going,I will go,too.As it is raining,youd better take a taxi.It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.意义意义位

16、置位置because因为因为强调未知原因强调未知原因可前置或后置可前置或后置since既然既然表示已知显然的理由表示已知显然的理由常前置常前置as由于由于可前置或后置可前置或后置for因为因为常用于推断常用于推断后置后置原因状语从句原因状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Cause)2.只能用只能用because的情况。的情况。Why arent you coming with us to the concert?Because I have got a bad headache.It was because I wanted to be closer to nature tha

17、t I moved to the countryside.They think they are so superior just because they make more money than I do.He went to bed early today,not because he was tired,but because he had nothing to do.(1)在回答由在回答由why提出的疑问句时。提出的疑问句时。(2)在强调句中。在强调句中。(3)在在just simply only等强调词后。等强调词后。(4)与否定词与否定词not连用，或构成并列的连用，或构成并列的

18、because 分句。分句。原因状语从句原因状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Cause)3.其他连接原因状语从句的连接词。其他连接原因状语从句的连接词。(1)now that(=since)通常置于句首，从句中多为现在时。通常置于句首，从句中多为现在时。(2)considering(that)考虑到考虑到/seeing(that)既然。既然。(3)in that 本意表示本意表示“在在方面方面”，也可以表示，也可以表示“因因为为”。Now that you have come,you may as well stay.Considering(that)hes only bee

19、n learning English a year,he speaks it very well.Seeing(that)he refused to help us,there s no reason why we should now help him.Men differ from brutes in that they can think and speak.结果状语从句结果状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Result)目的状语从句目的状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Purpose)1.引导结果状语从句的连接词。引导结果状语从句的连接词。so that

20、/so that/such that The boy behaved himself at table so that he was praised by his mother.He passed me a note with such little words on it that I failed to make them out.2.引导目的状语从句的连接词。引导目的状语从句的连接词。so that/in order that/such thatlest/in case/for fear(that)He devoted such great care to his mother that

21、 she might recover quickly.She looked down so that he should not see her eyes.He studies hard in case he should fail in the exam.比较状语从句比较状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Comparison)2.“The+比较级比较级,the+比较级比较级”结构结构3.表示倍数的比较结构表示倍数的比较结构 The more a man learns,the more he sees his ignorance.The higher the tree is,t

22、he stronger the wind is.A is twice/three times+bigger/longer/higher+than B A is twice/three times+as big/long/high+as B A is twice/three times+the size/length/height+of B B is half/one-third+the size/length/height+of A 1.引导比较状语从句的连接词：引导比较状语从句的连接词：than/as as/not so(as)as比较状语从句比较状语从句(Adverbial Clause

23、of Comparison)4.修饰比较级的词修饰比较级的词 rather,much,many,still,even,far,some,any,a bit,a little,a lot,a great deal,表倍数的词表倍数的词(1)(1)当形容词比较级作定语时，用当形容词比较级作定语时，用much或或far，不可用，不可用 a great deal/a good deal/a lot 修饰。修饰。I m feeling much/a great deal better than I was.That s a much/far more challenging job.(2)(2)可修饰最

24、高级的词有可修饰最高级的词有almost,nearly,much,very,by far,the next,the+序数词。序数词。比较状语从句比较状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Comparison)5.比较时注意比较对象的前后对应。比较时注意比较对象的前后对应。The population of Shanghai is larger than that in Beijing.The texts in Book III are much more difficult than those in Book I.It is easier to make a plan than

25、to carry it out.Never before has our country been so powerful as she is today.方式状语从句方式状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Manner)1.引导方式状语从句的连接词。引导方式状语从句的连接词。as if/as though 好像好像 仿佛仿佛as if/as though引导的方式状语从句中，既可以用陈引导的方式状语从句中，既可以用陈述语气，表示与事实相符的情况，也可以用虚拟语气，述语气，表示与事实相符的情况，也可以用虚拟语气，表示可能性很小或与事实不符的情况。表示可能性很小或与事实不符的情况。

26、It looks as if it is going to rain.The child talks as though he were a man.让步状语从句让步状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Concession)1.引导让步状语从句的连接词。引导让步状语从句的连接词。Although no one was injured,(still/yet/nevertheless)I have a guilty conscience.Today the newspaper is still the cheapest,even though a TV set is costing

27、less and less.Something inside your body is always going on whether you are aware of it or not.While I am not optimistic,I have not given up hope.though/although/as/while/even if/even thoughwh-ever/no matter+wh-whether or(In spite of/despite the fact that)让步状语从句让步状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Concession)

28、2.让步状语从句的倒装让步状语从句的倒装 Clever though/as you are,you cant learn a language in a week.Child though/as he is,he supports his family by selling newspapers.Try though/as you will,you wont manage it.Much though/as I admire him as a writer,I dont like him as a man.though引导的让步状语从句可以顺装也可以倒装，引导的让步状语从句可以顺装也可以倒装，

29、although 只能顺装，只能顺装，as只能倒装只能倒装。让步状语从句让步状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Concession)3.no matter+wh-与与 wh-ever的区别的区别 No matter who/Whoever you are,you should obey the law.(1)引导让步状语从句时，引导让步状语从句时，no matter what/when/where/who/which/how 相当于相当于whatever/whenever/wherever/whoever/whichever/however。(2)no matter+wh-及及

30、wherever,whenever,however只能只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。whoever,whatever和和whichever既可以引让步状语从句，还可以引既可以引让步状语从句，还可以引导名词性从句。导名词性从句。whatever happens,he manages to stay calm.whatever is worthy doing is worth doing well.让步状语从句让步状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Concession)3.no matter+wh-与与 wh-ever的区别的区别

31、Whatever/No matter what difficulties I meet with,I wont give up.However/No matter how difficult the problem is,I wont give up.(3)引导让步状语从句时引导让步状语从句时:no matter what/whatever+名词名词 no matter how/however+形容词形容词/副词副词让步状语从句其他必须注意的问题让步状语从句其他必须注意的问题1.as 可以引导哪些状语从句：可以引导哪些状语从句：类型类型例句例句时间状语从句时间状语从句 As he gets o

32、lder,he gets more optimistic.原因状语从句原因状语从句 We started off on foot as grandfather had a passion for walking.比较状语从句比较状语从句 He does not write so neatly as John does.方式状语从句方式状语从句 Everything happened exactly as(it had been)expected.让步状语从句让步状语从句 Much as I admire him,I cant excuse his faults.让步状语从句其他必须注意的问题让

33、步状语从句其他必须注意的问题2.since 可以引导哪些状语从句：可以引导哪些状语从句：类型类型例句例句时间状语从句时间状语从句We have been friends(ever)since we met at school.原因状语从句原因状语从句Since we have no money,we cant buy it.3.while 可以引导哪些状语从句：可以引导哪些状语从句：类型类型例句例句时间状语从句时间状语从句 Make hay while the sun shines.让步状语从句让步状语从句 While I understand what you say,I cant agre

34、e with you.典型试题典型试题 Dont be afraid of asking for help _ it is needed.A.unless B.since C.although D.when(2)Id like to arrive 20 minutes early _ I can have time for a cup of tea.A.as soon as B.as a result C.in case D.so that(3)He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder.A.a

35、s B.until C.while D.whenDDD典型试题典型试题(4)How far apart do they live?_ I know,they live in the same neighborhood.A.As long as B.As far as C.As well as D.As often as(5)A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story.A.when B.unless C.after D.until(6)Dad,I

36、ve finished my assignment.Good,and _ you play or watch TV,you mustnt disturb me.A.whenever B.whether C.whatever D.no matterBDB典型试题典型试题(7)Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park _ she was bitten on the leg by a lion.A.when B.while C.since D.once(8)_,I have to put it away and focus m

37、y attention on study this week.A.However the story is amusing B.No matter amusing the story is C.However amusing the story is D.No matter how the story is amusingAC典型试题典型试题(9)Parents should take seriously their childrens request for sunglasses _ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.A.because B.though C.unless D.if(10)_ most of the earths surface is covered by water,fresh water is very rare and precious.A.As B.Once C.If D.AlthoughAD