重要不定代词用法课件.ppt

1、 高三英语总复习语法系列训练高三英语总复习语法系列训练重要重要不定代词的用法不定代词的用法不定代词有不定代词有both,either,neither,one,the other,another,little,few,some,any,each,every,no,none等等,从实际应用和从实际应用和理解出发理解出发,重点学习以下几个：重点学习以下几个：(一一)both,either,neither (二二)one,another,the other (三三)little,a little,few,a few (四四)some/any,no/none,each/every,many/much 不

2、定代不定代词词含义含义数量数量关系关系作定语作定语时名词时名词的数的数作主语作主语时时动词的动词的数数both两者都两者都=2复数复数复数复数either两者中的两者中的任何一个任何一个=2单数单数单数单数neither两者都不两者都不=2单数单数单数单数不定代不定代词词含义含义数量数量关系关系作定语时作定语时名词的数名词的数作主语时作主语时动词的数动词的数all三者或三三者或三者者以上都以上都3单数或复单数或复数数单数或复单数或复数数none三者或三三者或三者者以上都不以上都不3单数或复单数或复数数each每一个每一个2单数单数单数单数every每一个每一个3单数单数单数单数(一一)both

3、,either,neitherboth为为“两者都两者都”,neither为为“两者都不两者都不”,either为为“两者之一两者之一”。这三个单词都用于指两个人或物。这三个单词都用于指两个人或物,在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。作主语：作主语：Both(of them)enjoyed the rice.他们两人喜欢吃米饭。他们两人喜欢吃米饭。2)Neither(of us)is a doctor.我们俩都不是医生。我们俩都不是医生。3)Either(of you)will go.随你们哪个去都可以。随你们哪个去都可以。注意注意:作主语时作主语时,both后面的谓语动词

4、用复数。后面的谓语动词用复数。neither,either后面的谓语动词一般用单数形式。后面的谓语动词一般用单数形式。作定语：作定语：1)Both Zhang Huas father and motherwork in a hospital,but neither one is a doctor.张华的父母亲在一所医院工作，但都不是医生。张华的父母亲在一所医院工作，但都不是医生。2)You may take either apple.两个苹果任你拿一个。两个苹果任你拿一个。作宾语：作宾语：1)I like both of the toys very much.我非常喜欢这两件玩具。我非常喜欢这

5、两件玩具。2)The boy could find neither of them and went away.这男孩找不到他们俩就走开了。这男孩找不到他们俩就走开了。3)You may plant either in the street.你可以种在街道的任一边。你可以种在街道的任一边。both 还可作同位语还可作同位语,它们句中的位置是它们句中的位置是在动词在动词be,助动词或情态动词的后面助动词或情态动词的后面,但在实义动词前面。但在实义动词前面。1)They are both in good health.他们两人身体都很好。他们两人身体都很好。2)They will both go

6、there.他们两人都收到那儿去。他们两人都收到那儿去。3)They both agreed to take part in the birthday party.他们两人都答应参加生日晚会。他们两人都答应参加生日晚会。此外此外,either 可作副词用于否定句可作副词用于否定句,表示表示“也也”,相当于肯定句中的相当于肯定句中的“too”。This is not mine.That is not,either.这不是我的这不是我的,那也不是。那也不是。neither表示表示“也不也不”的时候的时候,常用在倒装的常用在倒装的结构形式中：结构形式中：I dont like to play foo

7、tball.Neither does he.我不喜欢踢足球我不喜欢踢足球,他也不喜欢。他也不喜欢。She hasnt got a bike.Neither have I.他没自行车他没自行车,我也没有。我也没有。注意注意:both 和和 and,either 和和 or,neither 和和 nor 可构成连词。表示可构成连词。表示“和和两个都两个都”,连接主语时谓语动词是复数连接主语时谓语动词是复数;“不是不是就是就是”;“或或或或”,“既不既不也不也不”;“都不都不”连接两个并列主语时谓语动词的数一般应连接两个并列主语时谓语动词的数一般应与靠近谓语动词的主语保持一致与靠近谓语动词的主语保持

8、一致,如：如：Both Zhang and Wang are good students.张、王都是好学生。张、王都是好学生。Either you or he is right.不是你就是他对的。不是你就是他对的。Neither he nor I am a scientist.他和我都不是科学家。他和我都不是科学家。(二二)one,another,the other1.one 常用来作代词常用来作代词,替代前文所出现的替代前文所出现的可数名词可数名词,表示人或物表示人或物,以避免重复。如：以避免重复。如：I havent got a ball pen.Ill have to buy one.(

9、=a ball pen)我没圆珠笔我没圆珠笔,我得去买一支。我得去买一支。He is one to think more of others.他是个能多为别人着想的人。他是个能多为别人着想的人。2.the other,another 都可解释为都可解释为“另一个另一个”。other 加上定冠词用于两者中的另一个加上定冠词用于两者中的另一个,another指三者以上中的另一个。如：指三者以上中的另一个。如：He has two brothers.One is a doctor,the other is a teacher.Weve received two parcels,one from my

10、 uncle,the other from my aunt.I dont like this one,show me another,please.Ive just bought three things.One is a walkman,another is a pocket calculator,the third is a video game.3.another 还有还有“再再”的意思的意思,如：如：Have another cup of coffee,please.再喝一杯咖啡吧！再喝一杯咖啡吧！She could have to stay here for another week

11、.他将在这里再待一个星期。他将在这里再待一个星期。4.other 有有“另外另外”的含义。如：的含义。如：Where are the other students?其他学生在哪里？其他学生在哪里？The boy is much cleverer than the other two.这孩子比另两个更聪明。这孩子比另两个更聪明。5.others 和和 the others 表示复数的泛指和特指。表示复数的泛指和特指。如：如：In the park some are playing games.Others are walking near the river.I have five colour

12、 pencils.One is red,another is blue and the others are green.6.the rest 也可作也可作“其余的其余的”解释。它用作主语时解释。它用作主语时注意谓语动词的单复数。如：注意谓语动词的单复数。如：The rest of his life was spent in America.他的余生是在美国度过的。他的余生是在美国度过的。He has eight books.Two are in English.The rest are in Chinese.他有几本书，两本是英文，其余的是中文。他有几本书，两本是英文，其余的是中文。(三三)

13、little,a little,few,a few1.little与与a little 两者都用来修饰不可数名词两者都用来修饰不可数名词,little 作作“很少很少”,“几乎没有几乎没有”解解,有否定的意思有否定的意思,a little作作“少许少许”、“有一点有一点”解解,有肯定的意思。有肯定的意思。e.g.In this way they can make the trip with just a little money.用这种方法他们只花很少的钱就能旅行。用这种方法他们只花很少的钱就能旅行。There is little left,is there?没剩多少了没剩多少了,是吗？是吗？

14、2.few,a few用来修饰可数名词用来修饰可数名词,前者表示否定前者表示否定,后者表示肯定。后者表示肯定。A few of us speak English well.我们中有几个人英语讲得很好。我们中有几个人英语讲得很好。There were few eggs in the fridge,so he went to the supermarket and bought some.冰箱里几乎没鸡蛋了冰箱里几乎没鸡蛋了,所以他去超市买了一些。所以他去超市买了一些。3.few 作主语时作主语时,谓语动词仍用复数谓语动词仍用复数,如：如：Few men know this,do they?4.常

15、用词组有常用词组有 quite a few(好几个好几个),only a few(只有一个只有一个),a very few(极少数极少数)。如：。如：He studied Chinese for quite a few years.他学汉语已有好几年了。他学汉语已有好几年了。(四四)some,any,no,none,each,every,many,much1.some和和 any:some(一些一些,某个某个)句中可作主语、宾语、句中可作主语、宾语、定语等定语等,常用于肯定句。作定语时常用于肯定句。作定语时,它可它可修饰可数名词和不可数名词修饰可数名词和不可数名词,可数名词是可数名词是单数时单

16、数时,some 表示表示“某个某个”的意思。如：的意思。如：There are some newspapers on the table.I am going to buy some orange juice.Have you any questions?Yes,I have some.I have read that in some magazine.当说话者表示提议、请求或期望得到肯定当说话者表示提议、请求或期望得到肯定回答时回答时,在疑问句中也可用在疑问句中也可用 some。如：。如：Would you like some tea?Could you lend me some money

17、?any“一些一些”用法相同于用法相同于 some,但多用于但多用于疑问句、否定句或条件从句。如：疑问句、否定句或条件从句。如：Is there any ink in your pen?Put up your hands if you have any questions.注意：注意：1)any 用于肯定句中有用于肯定句中有“任何一个任何一个”解。解。常用于比较级句子中。常用于比较级句子中。Tom runs faster than any other boy in his class.Tom runs faster than any of the other boys in his class

18、.2)some,any,every,no 可以与可以与 body,thing,one 构成合成代词构成合成代词,这些代词都作单数看待这些代词都作单数看待,表示表示人或物人或物:Something is wrong with my bike.Somebody is asked to see you.Nobody is absent.If you want anything,call me.2.no 和和 none:none(没有一个没有一个,全不全不,都不都不)是名词性的不定是名词性的不定代词代词,可作主语和宾语可作主语和宾语,常和常和 of 短语连用短语连用,不能不能作定语。作定语。none

19、作主语代替不可数名词时作主语代替不可数名词时,谓语用单数形式。代替可数名词时谓语用单数形式。代替可数名词时,谓语用谓语用单、复数均可。如：单、复数均可。如：None of us is/are from Beijing.None of the money is mine.none 与与 all 相对相对,有有“全不全不”“全部全部”的含义的含义,因此因此 all 是全肯定是全肯定,none 是是 all 的全部否定的全部否定,但都指三者以上的人或物。但都指三者以上的人或物。We all made mistakes.None of us was correct.no 是形容词性的不定代词是形容词性

20、的不定代词,只能用作定语只能用作定语,可修饰可数和不可数名词。可修饰可数和不可数名词。no 等于等于 not a 或或 not any 加上名词。如：加上名词。如：I have no money.I have not any money.no one 相当于相当于 nobody,意为没有人意为没有人,谓语用单数。谓语用单数。3.each 和和 every:each(每个每个,各自的各自的)强调个体强调个体,可作主语、可作主语、宾语、定语、同位语。宾语、定语、同位语。every(每个每个,一切的一切的)相当于相当于all,强调整体强调整体,只能作定语。如只能作定语。如:Each boy has

21、a dictionary.每个孩子都有一本词典。每个孩子都有一本词典。Every boy has a dictionary.所有的孩子都有一本词典。所有的孩子都有一本词典。注意注意:every 构成的常用词组构成的常用词组 every other day 每隔一天每隔一天 every other line 每隔一行每隔一行 every five days 每五天每五天4.many 和和 much:many 修饰可数名词的复数修饰可数名词的复数,谓语用复数谓语用复数,much 修饰不可数名词修饰不可数名词,谓语用单数谓语用单数,它们它们可用在肯定句、否定句和疑问句中可用在肯定句、否定句和疑问句中

22、,还可在还可在肯定句中作主语或修饰主语。如：肯定句中作主语或修饰主语。如：So much for today.There are many buses and cars in the street.many可被可被 a lot of,a large number of,a great many 所代替。所代替。much 可被可被 a lot of,plenty of,a good deal of,a great(large)quantity of 所代替。所代替。但但 a lot of/lots of 只能用于肯定句。只能用于肯定句。1._ of them knew about the pla

23、n because it was kept a secret.A.Each B.Any C.No one D.None2.We couldnt eat in a restaurant because _ of us had _ money on us.A.all;no B.any;no C.none;any D.no one;any3.There is a tree on _ side of the street.A.every B.all C.either D.bothD C C 练一练练一练4.There is a desk on _ side of the room.A.both B.e

24、ither C.all D.every5.Which side can I sit on the boat?If you sit still,you can sit on _.A.every side B.all sides C.both sides D.either side6.It is said that _ of his parents have gone to Beijing.A.all B.every C.both D.eitherD D C 7.Some students are absent-minded,_of them heard what the teacher said

25、.A.all B.none C.every D.not all8.Is _ here?No,Bob and Tim have asked for leave.A.anybody B.somebody C.everybody D.nobody9.They were all very tired,but _ of them would stop to take a rest.A.any B.some C.none D.neither D C C 10.Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?Im afraid _ day is possible.A.either B.n

26、either C.some D.any11.If you want to change for a double room youll have to pay _ 5.A.another B.other C.more D.eachB A 12.Which of the two books do you want?I want _.Please show me _.A.none;another B.all;the other C.neither;the other D.neither;another13._ side of the street is lined with different s

27、hops,_ of which sell electronic products.A.Both;both B.Either;all C.Neither;either D.Either;bothD B 14.Do you need anything else?Yes,we still need _ aircrafts.A.more two B.two more C.other two pieces of D.two other pieces of15.I had no idea which was better,so I took _ of them.A.any B.every C.none D

28、.both16.The examination was easy,wasnt it?Yes,but I dont think _ could pass it.A.somebody B.anybody C.nobody D.everybodyB D D 17.Is there anyone who can do the job?_.A.None B.No one C.Not one D.Not many ones18.I wanted some water,but there was _ in the bottle.A.none B.no C.any D.nothing19.Tom and Ma

29、ry have arrived,but _ students in your class arent here yet.A.other B.others C.the other D.the others20.Do September and April have thirty days _?A.every B.neither C.each D.allB A C C 21._ of us is active in English class.A.Every B.Every one C.Everyone D.Anybody22.We have English classes _ day,Monda

30、ys,Wednesdays and Fridays.A.each other B.every other C.this and other D.all other23.Tom had a bad cold._ is why he didnt come to school.A.It B.That C.This D.ThereB B B 24.They invited the three of _,Tom,Bob,and _.A.us,me B.we,I C.us,I D.we,we A What is this animal?It was an Elephant!What is this ani

31、mal?The elephant is the largest animal that lives on land.Some male elephants can grow to be thirteen feet tall.Thats more than twice as tall as many human adults.Elephants can weigh as much as a school busbetween ten and fourteen thousand pounds!It was an Elephant!In the USA the elephant is the sym

32、bol of the party.Turn the page to find out which party!The elephant is the largest animal that lives on land.Some male elephants can grow to be thirteen feet tall.Thats more than twice as tall as many human adults.Elephants can weigh as much as a school busbetween ten and fourteen thousand pounds!The traditional symbol for the Republican Party first appeared in a cartoon in the 7 November 1874 edition of Harpers Weekly by the artist Thomas Nast.Ans.The RepublicansIn the USA the elephant is the symbol of the party.Turn the page to find out which party!