人教版七年级上册《英语》Units 10-12 核心要点(共42张PPT)ppt课件.pptx

1、1.size n.大小；尺码size用作名词，其意思有（的）大小或（鞋子、衣服等的）尺寸；号码。询问别人想要多大的东西时，常用what size,而不是how many size或how much size。（一）单词（一）单词2.fish n.鱼；鱼肉 v.钓鱼 (1)fish意为“鱼”时，为可数名词，指 鱼的条数时，单复数同形；指鱼的 种类时，复数形式为fishes。(2)fish意为“鱼肉”时，为不可数名词。写出下列句子中fish的词性和汉语意思。(1)There are many fish in this river._ _(2)I want to fish tomorrow._ _(

2、3)I like eating fish._ _名词 鱼动词 钓鱼名词 鱼肉3.order order作名词，意为“命令、指示”。order作名词还有“订的货、秩序、顺序”等意。order作动词可意为“命令”。常用结构为：order sb.to do sth.如：The policeman ordered the thief to walk in front of him.order作动词还可意为“订购”。如：Tom was hungry.He ordered two sandwiches and a glass of beer for lunch.写出下列划线单词的词性和意思。1)He or

3、dered the soldiers to leave at once._2)The police kept order._3)He ordered a large bowl of noodles._4)You will pass a school,a church,and a bus station,in that order._5)The orders are that we stay here._动词 命令名词 秩序动词 点（餐）名词 顺序名词 命令4.same adj.意思是“相同的”，而different意为“不同的”。same和different都可修饰名词。same修饰名词时，前

4、面通常加定冠词the，后面要跟可数名词的单数形式；different修饰名词时，后面通常要跟可数名词的复数形式。根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。1)他们在同一所学校。They are in _ _ _.2)我们有不同的观点。We have _ _.the same schooldifferent views5.feed 可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。作及物动词时，feed意为“喂养；饲养”，常用结构有：“feed sb.sth.”；“feed sb.with sth.”意为“用喂养”；“feed sth.to sb.”意为“把喂给”。作不及物动词时，可与介词on连用，构成短语“feed

5、on.”意为“以为食”。根据句意从方框中选出恰当的单词填空，有的需要变换形式。1)Pandas _ _ bamboo.2)Please _ my dog a piece of bread.3)Farmers _ wheat _ chickens.4)The mother always _ her child _ milk.feed,feed on,feed.with.,feed.to.feed onfeedfeed to feed with6.anything pron.（用于否定句或疑问句）任何东西；任何事物 【拓展】指代事物的不定代词还有everything（所有事物；一切）；someth

6、ing（某事，某物）；nothing（没有东西）。当这些不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。当这些不定代词由形容词修饰时，形容词要后置。7.pick作动词，意为“采；摘”，其后可以跟 表示花、水果等的名词作宾语。另外，pick还常与up搭配构成短语pick up，意为“拿起；举起”。如果宾语为名词，可放在up之前或之后；如果宾语为代词，只能放在pick与up之间。将下列汉语句子翻译成英语。1)他正在摘胡萝卜。_2)桌子下面有把尺子。请把它捡起来。_He is picking the carrots.There is a ruler under the desk.Please pic

7、k it up.8.worry v.&n.担心；担忧作不及物动词，意为“烦恼；担心”，常与介词about连用。worry用作不可数名词时，worry意为“烦恼；忧虑”。作可数名词时，worry意为“令人担忧的事”。【拓展】worried是worry的形容词形式，意为“烦恼的；焦虑的”。be worried about相当于worry about。例如：Jim is worried about his fathers health.=Jim worries about his fathers health.【运用】将下列句子英汉互译。1)我没有什么可担心的。_2)He brought his p

8、arents a lot of worry when he was young._3)尽量忘掉你的那些烦心事吧。_I have nothing to worry about.他小的时候给他父母带来很多烦恼。Try to forget your worries.9.expensive adj.昂贵的其反义词是cheape.g.The sweater is too expensive.I cant afford it.【注意】表示价格的高低时，用high或low。e.g.He bought everything at a low price.他所有的东西都是以低价买的。10.excited adj

9、.，意为“感到激动的”。作 表语时，主语通常是人；作定语时，常用 来修饰人。exciting adj.，意为“令人激动的”。作 表语时，主语通常是物；作定语时，常用 来修饰物。根据句意选用excited或exciting填空。1)They waited and waited for something _ to happen.2)The children were _ about winning the football match.excitingexcited11.fast adv.&adj.快地（的）fast可作形容词，意为“快的”，也可作副词，意为“快地”，其反义词是slow,slow

10、ly是slow的副词形式。【辨析】fast,quick与soon(1)Fast既可作副词也可作形容词，侧重于指 人或物体具有动作快的特点。(2)quick常指反应快或表示某事在较短的时间 内发生或完成。quickly是quick的副词形 式。(3)soon只可以作副词，意为“不久”，侧重指 两件事的先后发生，中间间隔时间很短。请根据句意选用quick,fast或soon完成下列句子。1)I want to see him _.2)Lin Hai runs very _.3)His father is a _ worker.fastsoonquick12.hear v.听到；听见后面可接v.-i

11、ng形式，即hear sb.doing sth.表示“听见某人正在做某事”，强调听到的动作正在进行。后面接动词原形，即hear sb.do sth.，表示“听见某人做某事”，强调听到的是动作自始至终的整个过程。【辨析】hear与listen to(1)hear意为“听见”；强调“听”的结果。(2)listen指“（注意地）听”，表示“听”的动 作，若后接宾语，要用listen to。根据语境从方框中选择恰当的词语填空，有的需要变换形式。1)She enjoys music and often _ old songs.2)Can you _ a mouse in the room?3)_!Is

12、that your father?hear,listen to,listenlistens tohearListen13.stay v.停留；待stay还可以用作连系动词，意为“继续是；保持；维持”，后面常接形容词作表语，作此用法时与keep意思相近。下面两个句子中各有一处错误，请找出并改正。1)He stayed bed all day._2)Could you stay relax in the exam?_stayed bedstayed in bedrelaxrelaxed14.away adv.离开；远离动词与away连用都有“由近及远”的意思。take away拿走 run awa

13、y逃跑 get away走开 move away 移开 cut away 切除 fly away 飞走go away 离开 put away 把放好15.shout v.呼叫；喊叫shout可作及物动词，意为“大声说，叫，嚷”，后面可以接名词（短语）或that从句。shout也可作不及物动词。表示“冲某人喊叫”时，shout后可接介词at或to，再接宾语。shout at多指因为生气、愤怒等而非善意地对某人吼叫；shout to sb.多指距离远，为了让对方听到而不得不大声叫喊，不含生气、愤怒等感情因素。16.surprise n.惊奇；惊讶 v.使吃惊surprise作动词，主语是人和物。s

14、urprise作名词时的常用搭配：get a surprise吃惊 in surprise惊讶地 to ones surprise 令某人感到惊奇的是【拓展】surprising是形容词，意为“令人吃惊的”，一般用来修饰事物；surprised是形容词，意为“感到惊讶的”，一般修饰人。常用搭配：be surprised at 对感到惊讶be surprised to do sth.对做某事感到惊讶be surprised+that从句根据句意选用surprise,surprised或surprising填空。1)The bad news didnt _ him.2)To my _,they g

15、ave me the work.3)We were _ to know that she was English.4)Its _ that our team lost the basketball game.5)We were _ at the _ news.surprisesurprisesurprisedsurprisingsurprisedsurprising17.move v.移动move做不及物动词，意为“搬家；迁移”。后接表示地点的名词(短语)表示“迁移到某地”时，要先加介词to；如果move后接地点副词，则不用加介词。move也可做及物动词，意为“移动；搬动”。将下列英语句子译成

16、汉语。1)I would like to move to Shanghai._2)That town is not so good.Dont move there._我想搬到上海。那个镇子不太好。不要搬到那儿去。3)He moved the dresser to the corner of the room._他把梳妆台搬到了房间的角落。18.start v.开始；着手start可作不及物动词，也可做及物动词，后面常跟动词不定式或动词-ing形式，即“start to do sth.或start doing sth.”表示“开始做某事”。将下列汉语句子翻译成英语。1)我们学校九点开始上课。_2

17、)我每天早晨6点开始跑步。_3)孩子们开始唱歌跳舞。_Our school starts at nine oclock.I start to run at six in the morning every day.The kids start singing and dancing.19.wake v.弄醒；醒wake的过去式为woke,其形容词形式为awake,意为“醒着的”，常用在系动词后作表语。wake常与副词up连用，意为“叫醒”。名词作wake up的宾语时，可放在wake和up中间，也可放在up之后；但宾语是代词时，必须放在wake和up的中间。请根据括号内所给汉语提示补全下面的英

18、语句子，每空一词。1)Dont forget _ _ _(叫醒我)tomorrow morning.2)I tried to _ _ _ _(叫醒 我的妹妹)by ringing the doorbell.wake me upwake my sister up1.put up our tents and cooked food put up 搭起，举起 put up的常用意思:(1)搭起，建立，建起 e.g.They put up many tall buildings last year.去年他们盖了许多高楼。(2)举起 e.g.Put up your hand if you want to

19、 ask a question.若要提问请举手。（二）短语（二）短语(3)张贴e.g.Wed better put up a notice here.我们最好在这儿贴一张通知。Before World Environment Day came,my classmates and I decided to _some signs in our community.A.put up B.come up C.look up D.grow up A2.would like would like意为“愿意；想要”，与want同义，但比want更委婉，用来礼貌地表达意愿，其后可接名词(短语)、代词或动词不

20、定式作宾语，也可构成would like sb.to do sth.结构，意为“想要某人做某事”。would没有人称和数的变化，如果主语为人称代词，它可以缩写为d。句型“Would you like sth.?”用来询问对方是否想要某物。其肯定答语常为“Yes,please./OK./All right.”等，否定答语常为“No,thanks.”等。句型“Would you like to do sth.?”用来询问对方是否愿意做某事。其肯定答语常为“Yes,Id like/love to.”，否定答语常为“Id like/love to,but.”，but后面的句子常用来说明拒绝的理由。句型

21、“What would sb.like(to do)?”用来询问对方或别人想要(做)什么。其答语常为“Id/Shed/Hed/Wed/Theyd like(to do).”。.汉译英1)你想要一碗牛肉面吗？_2)汤姆(Tom)不愿意和我下国际象棋。_3)妈妈想让我早点回家。_Would you like a bowl of beef noodles?Tom would not like to play chess with me.My mother would like me to go home early.完成下列各题。1)The girl would like some apple ju

22、ice.(对 划线部分提问)_2)I would like to go to the party this evening.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)_What would the girl like?Would you like to go to the party this evening?Yes,Id like/love to.1.The number of candies is the persons age.“the number of+可数名词复数”表示“的数量”，其后的谓语动词用单数形式。【拓展】“a number of+可数名词复数”表示“许多”;a small numbe

23、r of表示“少数.”；a large number of表示“大量”。（三）句式（三）句式2.Then the guide taught us how to make a model robot.“疑问词+不定式”结构常用在know,decide,find out,tell,forget,remember,see,understand等动词或短语后作宾语，相当于宾语从句。当宾语从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，宾语从句可转换成“疑问句+不定式”结构。3.But I was so tired that I went to sleep early.此句式结构为“so+形容词/副词+that”，以为“如此以至于”。【拓展】“sothat”可以和“tooto”结构进行句型转换。完成下面的同义句转换，每空一词。Guo Yang is so tired that he cant walk any further.Guo Yang is _ _ _ _ any further.too tired to walk