2019届高三英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Great scientists 课时作业 新人教版必修5.doc

1、【 精品教育资源文库 】 Unit 1 Great scientists . 阅读理解 A (2018 广西重点高中二模 ) People love cellphones, which is why nine ten Americans own one. But does heavy use of cellphones pose a risk of cancer? This question has caused controversy for many years. A new study in rats now augments those concerns. Its data link

2、ed longterm, intense exposure to radiation from cellphones with an increased risk of cancer in the heart or brain. The results have yet to be confirmed, the authors note. Indeed, although the rat study found a link between cellphone radiation and cancer, it offers no clues to why such a link might e

3、xist, notes Jonathan Samet. He teaches preventative medicine and directs the Institute for Global Health at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. Still, he calls the new studys findings “significant”. They could lead to studies researching how cellphone radiation might cause cancer,

4、he says. Phone signals are relayed between cell towers and cellphones via radio waves. This radio frequency or RF radiation is a type known as nonionizing(非电离的 ). Unlike Xrays, nonionizing radiation does not deposit enough energy into cells to release electrons from atoms or molecules, producing ion

5、s. So it tends to be far less harmful than ionizing radiation, such as Xrays. But that does not mean radio waves might not cause harm. In very large doses (量 ) this radiation will heat the body and cause tissue damage. But its not yet known what much lower RF levels might do, such as those from cell

6、phone use. Five years ago, the World Health Organizations International Agency for Research on Cancer, or IARC, concluded that cellphone use “is possibly carcinogenic (致癌的 )” . Its conclusion was based on what little research data was available at that time. But notice that IARC was not certain. It

7、said only that phone use might “possibly” cause cancer. So scientists at the National Toxicology Program, or NTP, investigated further. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。人们喜欢用手机， 90%的美国人都有手机。那么，过度使用手机是否会有患癌的风险呢？一项新的研究给出了一些线索。 【难句分析】 Indeed, although the rat study found a link between cellphone radiation and cancer, i

8、t offers no clues to why such a link might exist, notes Jonathan Samet. 分析：本句为复合句。 although 引导让步状语从句。 why such a link might exist为 why 引导的宾语从句，作介词 to 的宾语。 译文： Jonathan Samet 指出，事实上，尽管在老鼠身上进行的研究发现手机辐射和癌症之间有联系，但却没有 提供线索表明这种联系为什么可能存在。 1 Which of the following can replace the underlined word “augments”

9、? A figures out B puts out C refers to D adds to 答案与解析： D 考查词义猜测。画线词前面提到过度使用手机是否有患癌的风险这一问题多年来引发的争议不断，再根据画线词后的 “concerns” 和 “Its data linked longterm, intense exposure to radiation from cellphones with an increased risk of cancer in the heart or brain” 可知，现在一项在老鼠身上进行的新研究增加了那些忧虑。故画线词与 adds to 意义相近。 2

10、In which aspect does Jonathan Samet think the new study in rats is significant? 【 精品教育资源文库 】 A It assists him with his teaching. B It indicates a new research direction. C It warns people to mind cellphone safety. D It makes a breakthrough in cancer research. 答案与解析： B 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的 “They could lea

11、d to studies researching how cellphone radiation might cause cancer, he says” 可知，这项研究会促使科学家去查明手机辐射可能 是怎样致癌的，也就是说它为科学家提供了一个新的研究方向。 3 What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A How phone signals are delivered. B How cellphones produce radiation. C Features of radiation from cellphones. D Differences between

12、ionizing and nonionizing radiation. 答案与解析： C 考查主旨要义。根据第三段 的内容尤其是 “nonionizing radiation does not deposit enough energy into cells to release electrons from atoms or molecules, producing ions. So it tends to be far less harmful than ionizing radiation.” 可知，本段主要讲的是手机辐射的特点，它是非电离的，其危害性远低于电离辐射。 4 What mi

13、ght be the theme of NTP scientists further research? A Why cellphone use causes cancer. B Whether cellphone use really causes cancer. C What health effects cellphone use has. D How much exposure to cellphone radiation is safe. 答案与解析： B 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的 “It said only that phone use might possibly caus

14、e cancer. So scientists at the National Toxicology Program, or NTP, investigated further” 可知， NTP 的科学家进一步研究的主题可能是手机使用是否真的会导致癌症。 B (2018 济南模拟 ) A European Union program is letting blind people experience famous paintings for the first time. It uses threedimensional (3D) printing to recreate famous pa

15、intings so they can be touched. One painting printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimts “The Kiss”. It is a popular attraction at the Belvedere Museum in Vienna, Austria. The painting shows a man and a woman standing in a field filled with flowers. They are wearing gold robes and have their ar

16、ms around each other. The man leans down to kiss the woman. Klimt finished the painting in 1908. Until now, people who had trouble seeing could not appreciate the artwork. But thanks to the reproduction they can touch the piece and feel the ridges and depressions. Andreas Reichinger started making 3

17、D versions of artwork in 2010. He said this reproduction was his most difficult project because the couples robes are so detailed. Dominika Raditsch is a blind museum visitor. She touched the reproduction. As she moved her hands around it she said， “Exactly, can you see these? There are so many deta

18、ils.”Raditsch said she could imagine what the original painting looks like when she touched the reproduction. “Its somehow round.You can feel it.You can feel it.It comes with it.And in many places its so smooth.And then I think to myself: it probably shines too！ ”Raditsch said. The Belvedere is not

19、the only museum to have 3D versions of its artwork. Some 【 精品教育资源文库 】 of the pieces at the Prado Museum, in Madrid, Spain have reproductions that can be touched. But the piece in Vienna has one special part: it is made with widely available 3D printing technology. That means one day, blind art fans

20、 anywhere in the world could download the source files and print the reproductions themselves. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了欧盟的一个项目使用 3D 打印技术重现名画，让它们可以被视障人士触摸到。 5 What is“The Kiss” ? A A European Union project. B A popular painting. C A 3D technology. D A famous museum. 答案与解析： B 考查细节理解。从文章第二段的 “One painting

21、 printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimts The Kiss. It is a popular attraction” 可知， (吻 )是一幅深受欢迎的画作。故选 B 项。 6 Why did Reichinger say this reproduction was difficult to finish? A The painting was reproduced detailedly. B The original artwork was made in 1908. C Blind art fans cant download the

22、 source. D The 3D technology is not available. 答案与解析： A 考查细节理解。从文章第三段的最后一句 “He said this reproduction was his most difficult project because the couples robes are so detailed” 可知，Andreas Reichinger 说吻是最难完成的作品，因为那对恋人的长袍细节很多。故选 A项。 B 项 “ 原画作制作于 1908 年 ” 和 C 项 “ 视障的艺术粉丝们不能下载资源 ” 与该题的要求不符； D 项错在 “not available” ，与文章第三段中的 “started making 3D versions of artwork in 2010” 不符。 7 How did Raditsch feel when she first touched the reproduction? A Awkward. B Puzzled. C Excited. D Nervous. 答案与解析： C 考查推理判断。从文章第四段中的 “You can feel it. You can feel it” 可以推测出 Raditsch“ 激动的 ” 心情。故选 C 项。 8 What is t