2023英语高考词汇变形总汇（共42组）背诵版.docx

1、232023英语高考核心词汇变形总汇2023英语高考词汇变形总汇11. abandonv.抛弃，舍弃，放弃anabandonedchild一个被抛弃的孩子2.ability n.能力；才能disabilityn.无能，残疾disabledadj.残疾的able adj.能够；有能力的enablevt.使能够The loud noises at the construction sites made usunableto fall asleep.3.absencen.不在，缺席absent a.不在的，缺席的presentadj.在场的，出席的Thepresenceof water made i

2、t possible for life to develop. (存在，出席)4.absolutea.完全，全部，绝对的absolutelyadv.完全地，绝对地5.accept v.接受acceptance n.接受unacceptableadj.The recommendations from this report areunacceptableto many black people.这份报告中提出的建议让很多黑人无法接受。6.access n.接近accessiblea.易接近的accessibility n.易接近，可达性Please suggest ways to make yo

3、ur community moreaccessiblefor people with disabilities.请提出建议，使你的社区更容易为残疾人服务。7.accidentn.事故，意外的事accidentala.意外的accidentallyadv.8.accomplishv.完成accomplishment n.完成，成就9.accuracyn.准确，精确accurate a.精确的accuratelyadv.10.achievevt.达到，取得achievement n.成就,功绩 achievable adj.可达成的2023英语高考词汇变形总汇21.act n.&v.行动；表演ac

4、tor n.男演员actress n.女演员activityn.活动activist n.活动家，积极分子 activate v.激活，使活动interact v.互动take anactivepart in积极参与takeactionto protect our environment2.adapt v.适应adapt (oneself)to；改编adaptationn.适应性；改编3.add vt.添加,增加inaddition=additionallyadv.此外，又additive n.添加剂4.adjust vt.调整，(使)适应 adjustment n. adjustablead

5、j.可调整的adjust (oneself) tothe new surroundings适应新环境5.admire v.羡慕admirablea.令人羡慕的admirationn.钦佩6.admitvt.承认，准许（入场/学，入会）admissionn.准入,接纳beadmittedto a top university7.advance v. /n.推进,促进；前进advancedadj.先进的，高级的inadvance提前8.adventure n.冒险;奇遇adventurousadj.爱冒险的；充满危险的adventurer n.冒险家9.advertisevt.为做广告advert

6、isementn.广告apply for the positionadvertised in the newspaper10. advisev.建议advice n.advisable adj.明智的，可取的advisorn.顾问give someadviceon how to deal with stress effectively11. 2023英语高考词汇变形总汇31.affectvt.影响,感动，侵袭affectionn.喜爱，钟爱affectionate a.深情的2.afford vt.负担得起(的费用)affordablea.负担的起的affordability n.We can

7、t affordto misssuch a golden opportunity.3.agen.年龄,时代v.（使）变老atan early age;inthe information age The course is open to childrenaged12 and over.4.agreev.同意；应允agreementn.同意，一致；协定，协议agreeable a.使人愉快的，惬意的disagreev.不同意 disagreement n.分歧，不一致5.agriculturen.农业，农学agriculturala.农业的6.allow v.允许，允许进入allowancen.

8、津贴，零用钱7.amaze vt.使惊奇，惊叹amazing a.令人惊奇的amazed a.感到惊奇的to onesamazement 令某人惊奇的是These shoes wereamazinglycheap.8.ambitionn.目标,野心,雄心,抱负mothers who arehighlyambitiousfor their children (=who want their children to be successful)望子成龙的母亲9.amuse vt.（使人）快乐,逗乐amusedadj.感到有趣的amusingadj.有趣的，引人发笑的The cats are a c

9、onstantsource ofamusementto us.那些猫给我们带来无穷的乐趣。10.analyse/zev.分析analysisn.分析，分析结果（pl.复数）analyses2023英语高考词汇变形总汇41.angern.怒，愤怒angry adj.生气的Hestruckthedeskangrilywithhis fist.2.announcevt.宣布，宣告announcern.广播员announcementn.公告，通告3.annoy vt.打扰，打搅，使烦恼annoyance n.恼怒，烦恼Theannoyingnoise coming from the bar downs

10、tairs made me veryannoyed.4.anxietyn.担忧，焦虑anxiousa.忧虑焦急的anxiouslyadv.Theyareanxiouslyawaitingthe result.5.apologizevi.道歉，谢罪apologyn.道歉apologetic adj.道歉的apologetically adv.We would like to offer our sincereapologiesfor any inconveniencecaused by the delay.6.appear vi.出现；显得，好像appearancen.出现，外表，外貌disap

11、pearv.消失7.apply v.申请；使用；将投入applicationn.申请(书)，应用，努力applicant n.申请人 appliance n.工具，器械Over the next months, he was appliedto improving the technique.在接下来的几个月里，他专心致志地改进技术。8.appoint vt.任命；约定make anappointmentwith sb与sb有约9.appreciatev.欣赏；感激；鉴别appreciative a.欣赏的，感激的I represent my classmates to express our

12、appreciationof all your hard work.我代表我的同学们向你付出的所有努力表示感谢。10.approvev.赞成,同意,批准,通过approve ofsb doing同意sb做；approvaln.approving adj.赞许的，满意的disapprovev.不同意I sincerely hope my suggestions will meet with yourapproval.2023英语高考词汇变形总汇51.argue v.争论；论证，争辩argue with sb. about/over sth.与某人争论某事argumentn.争论The incid

13、ent has triggered freshargumentsabout possession of the gun.该事件引发了有关枪支拥有的新讨论。2.arrivevi.到达；达到arrivaln.到来，到达 on/upon arrival =on/upon arriving On arriving atthe nursing home, we set out to clean the rooms.一到敬老院我们就开始3.arrange v.安排，布置arrange for sb.to do sth. 安排某人做某事arrangement n.安排4.asleep a.睡着的,熟睡sle

14、epn. /v.睡觉sleepy adj.困倦的，想睡的5.assist v.援助assistancen.援助assistant n.助手6.associatev.联想，联系beassociated with. associationn.协会，社团，联系7.assumev.假定，假设assumptionn.假定，假设It isassumedthat 8.astonishvt.使惊讶to onesastonishment;astonishingly adv.令人惊讶地All the people present wereastonishedat herastonishingsuccess.9.a

15、ttractv.吸引，引起attractionn.吸引，爱慕，吸引人的事物/景点attractivea.迷人的，有吸引力some fascinatingtourist attractions旅游景点10.automatica.自动的，机械的automatically adv.自动地、机械地2023英语高考词汇变形总汇61.avoid v.避免,躲开,逃避avoidance n.避免，回避unavoidableadj.无法回避的，不可避免的2.awarea.知道的，意识到的，发觉be aware of意识到unawarea.没发觉的awarenessn.意识raise ones awarenes

16、s ofthe importance of garbage classification提高人们对垃圾分类重要性的认识3.balance n.平衡balanced adj.平衡的abalanceddiet_unbalanced_adj.不平衡的4.base cn.根据地vt.基于；以作根据base on;basic adj.基本的basically adv.基本上；从根本上说basis n.基础；根据on a regular basis定期地; basement n.地下室5. bath n.洗澡；浴室；澡盆bathe vi.洗澡；游泳bebathedin the warm sunshine6

17、. bear v.承受,负担,承担；忍受；容忍unbearableadj.无法忍受的7. beauty n.美；美人beautifuladj.美丽的；漂亮的beautifyv.美化8.behavev.守规矩，行为behave oneself表现好点behaviorn.行为，举止9.beliefn.信条，信念v.beliefs(复数) believev.相信unbelievableadj.不可置信的10. belong vi.属,附属belongto属于belongingn.所有物，归属2023英语高考词汇变形总汇71.benefitn./v.优势,益处,使受益 benefitfrom从受益be

18、neficiala.有利的，有帮助的，有用的be beneficial to=be of benefit to对有好处2. blood n.血,血液bleedvi.出血,流血3. blind a.瞎的，盲目的v.使看不见，使失去判断力blindnessn.失明blindlyadv. Without adequate information, many students choose a college almostblindly.由于没有足够的信息，很多学生几乎都是盲目地选择大学。4.bore vt.使厌烦bored adj.感到厌烦的get boredwith; boring adj.乏味的

19、，无聊的boredomn.无聊5. brave a.勇敢的v.勇敢地面对braveryn.勇气6. breathn.气息；呼吸breathevi.呼吸breathlessa.气喘吁吁的，上气不接下气的The view from my bedroom window was absolutelybreathtaking_( adj.令人窒息的)7. bury vt.埋葬burial n.埋葬，葬礼be buried in his work埋头工作bury your face/head in your hands双手掩面/抱头8.calm a.镇静,沉着的v.镇静沉着calmnessn.冷静，平静c

20、almlyadv.冷静地9. care n.u.照料，保护 v.介意，关心carefuladj.小心的，仔细的 carefully adv.carelessa.粗心的，漫不经心的carelessnessn.粗心10.casual adj.casually adv.随意地2023英语高考词汇变形总汇81.cautionn.谨慎，小心，警告with caution小心地cautiousa.小心的，谨慎的2.celebratev.庆祝celebrationn.庆祝；庆祝会3.certain a.确定的 certaintyn.必然，确实的事情uncertaina.不确定的4. challenge n.

21、/ v.挑战(性)challenginga.具有挑战性的5.changen.零钱；找头；变化v.改变，变化；更换；兑换unchangeableadj.不可变的remainunchanged保持不变6.cheer n.&v.欢呼；喝彩cheer up振作起来cheerful adj.令人愉快的；兴高采烈的7. choicen.选择；抉择 have no choice but to do. 别无选择做某事choosechose- chosenvt.选择be successful in his own chosenfield8. classifyv.分类，归类classificationn.分类cl

22、assifieda.机密的，分类的9. collect vt.收集,搜集collectionn.收藏品,收集物collectorn.收藏家bine v.使联合combination n.联合Regular exercise,combinedwith a balanced diet contributes to our health.Keeping fit requires acombinationof healthy eating and regular exercise.2023英语高考词汇变形总汇91. comfort n.&v.安慰；舒适discomfort n.不舒适，不安comfor

23、table adj.舒适的，安逸的comfortablyadv.舒服地uncomfortableadj.不舒适的2. commit v.犯（罪,错）,自杀commitmentn.承诺,允诺,承担pare vt.比较,对照comparedto /with adults comparison n.比较in comparison to4. competevi.比赛，竞赛competencen.能力,胜任,管辖权competent adj.有能力的competitionn.比赛，竞赛competitorn.竞赛者，比赛者competitiveadj.竞争的；比赛的plain v.抱怨complaint

24、 n.怨言，投诉plexa. / n.复杂的 complexity n.复杂7.concentrate v.集中；聚集 concentrateon集中注意力于concentrationn.集中；专心8.concern v. / n.涉及,关心concerned adj.有关的，关心的concerningprep.关于，涉及9.conclude vt.完成，结束；断定conclusionn.结束，结论 draw/make a conclusion 下结论in conclusion总之10.condition n. unconditionaladj.无条件的2023英语高考词汇变形总汇101.co

25、nfidenta.自信的confidencen.信心confidently adv. unconfident adj.不自信的confidential机密的，保密的2.confuse vt.使困惑；混乱confusionn.混乱confusedadj.混乱的，困惑的confusingadj.令人困惑的3.constant adj.经常地；不断地constantlyadv.连续不断地4.conservev.保存，保藏conservationn保存；保护，管理conservativea.保守的，守旧的；5.considerv.考虑consideratea.体贴的；考虑周到的consideratio

26、nn.考虑；关心considerablea.相当的，客观的；相当多的considerablyadv.相当地6.consume v.消耗，消费consumptionn.消耗，消费consumer n.消费者7.contributev.贡献 contribute to 贡献于；导致contributionn.贡献contributorn.贡献者contributingfactors影响因素8.conveniencen.便利convenient a.便利的，方便的conveniently adv.when it is convenient for /to you在你方便的时候inconvenienc

27、e n.不放便9. courage n.勇气courageousadj.有胆量的encouragev.鼓舞encouragementn.鼓舞encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事discouragevt.使气馁discouragement n.气馁discourage sb from doing10. createvt.创造；造成recreate v.再创造creation n.创造creator n.创造者creative a.有创造力的creativityn.创造力2023英语高考词汇变形总汇111. crowd n.人群v.挤满crowded adj.拥挤的 be

28、 crowded / packed with2.cruel a.残酷的crueltyn.残酷cruelly adv.3.curiousa.好奇的；奇异的curiouslyadv. curiosity n.好奇；好奇心out of curiosity出于好奇4.cycle vi.骑自行车cyclistn.骑自行车的人bicycle n.自行车5.danger n.u.危险；c.危险分子dangerous adj.危险的endangeredadj.濒危的6.deada.死的；无生命的deadlyadj.致命的die vi.死deathn.u.死c.死亡的事例7.deaf a.聋的deafnessn

29、.聋deafenv.使聋，变聋deafening sounds震耳欲聋的声音8.decidev.决定；下决心 decide to do sth. 决定做某事decisionn.决定；决心 decisive adj.决定性的，果断的decisiveness n.果断9.declare vt.声明；断言declarationn.宣言，宣布10.decorate vt.装饰,修饰decorationn.装饰,修饰2023英语高考词汇变形总汇121.deep adj.深的bedeeplytouched by the unconditional love from the mother to the c

30、hild被妈妈对孩子的无条件的爱所深深感动be dragged into thedepths of the ocean被拖到海洋深处help deepenour understanding of the Chinese culture有助于加深对中国文化的了解2.defence (美defense) n. & v.防御；防务defendvt.防守；保卫defencelessadj.无保护的3.delight n.高兴 v.使高兴delightedadj.感到开心的delightedly adv.高兴地，欣喜地delightfuladj.令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的4.deliver vt.投递（信件

31、,邮包等）deliveryservice送货服务deliverer n.投递者5.demand vt.要求demandingadj. (工作)要求高的；（人）难满足的6.departv.离开，分离departuren.离开，启程7.dependvi.依靠，依赖，指望；取决于 depend on依赖，依靠= rely on dependenta.依靠的,依赖的dependencen.依靠independencen.独立independentlyadv.8.describe vt.描写；描述descriptionn.描写beyond description无法描述descriptive adj.描

32、写性的，描绘性的9.destroy vt.破坏,毁坏bedestroyedbeyond recognition被毁得面目全非destructionn.破坏，摧毁destructive adj.造成破坏的10.determinevt.决定；决心 determine to do sth.(be determined to do sth.) 下定决心做某事determinationn.决心determineda.下定决心的Determinedto make life better for his family, he worked hard day and night.下决心让家人过上好日子，他日日

33、夜夜努力工作。2023英语高考词汇变形总汇131.devotevt.把奉献,把专用（于）devotionn.奉献，奉献精神devotedadj.忠诚的；献身的be impressed with her devotion to helpingthe disabled2.differ vi.相异；有区别 differentadj.区别的；不同的 differencen.区别；不同3.difficult adj.困难的 difficultyn.困难havedifficultyin doing sth4.direct adj.直接的 v.指导；导演 adv.直接地directly adv.直接地，恰好

34、地;坦率地conj.一.就directionn.方向；指导；用法说明 directorn.c.负责人；董事；导演5.discover vt.发现 discoveryn.发现6.discussvt.讨论，议论discussionn.讨论，辩论beunderdiscussion正在被讨论7.distance n.距离v与.疏远distanta.远的,遥远的The authordistancedhimself from some of the comments in his book.作者在他的书里对某些评论淡然处之。句中distance 动词(词性)与疏远(意思)8.distinguish v.区

35、分,辨别,分清distinguished adj.卓越的，高贵的a talldistinguishedfigure in a dark suit穿深色套装、气度非凡的高大身影9.distributev.分发，分配distribution n.分发，分配10.disturb vt.扰乱；打扰disturbinga.令人不安的,引起恐慌的disturbedadj.不安的；心理不正常的disturbance n.干扰，骚乱There was something about him she founddisturbingand she felt deeplydisturbed.她发现他身上有些东西让她

36、觉得不安,她深感不安。2023英语高考词汇变形总汇141.diverse v.不同的,多种多样,形形色色的diversityn.多样性2.divide vt.分,划分divisionn.（算术用语）除，分配，分工undivided adj.专一的；未分裂的3.donatev.捐赠donation n.捐赠donor/donatorn.捐赠者4.eager adj.渴望的，热切的eagerness n.渴望eagerlyadv.急切地，渴望地5.easy a.容易的,不费力的easilyad.容易地easev.减轻；缓解（难度或严重程度）n.容易，舒适uneasy adj.不安的，不舒服的une

37、asiness n.6.economy n.经济，节约economic a.前置定语经济(学)的economical a.实惠的，节约的economistn.经济学者，节俭的人 economize v.节俭economics n.经济学7.educate vt.教育,培养 educatorn.教育家educationn.教育,培养well-educated adj.受过良好教育的a bachelors degree学士学位；a masters degree硕士学位a doctors degree博士学位8.effect n.影响 effectiveadj.有效的，起作用的 effectivel

38、yadv.9. embarrass v.使窘迫,尴尬embarrassedadj.尴尬的，窘迫的embarrassingadj. embarrassment n.尴尬，困窘be anembarrassmentto sb 令sb尴尬/丢脸的事10.employ vt.雇佣；使用employeen.雇员；被雇佣者employern.雇主；雇佣者employment n.就业，工作unemploymentn.失业2023英语高考词汇变形总汇151.energy n.精力energetic adj.精力旺盛的energeticallyadv.精力充沛地2.enjoy v.欣赏；享受 enjoy doi

39、ng sth.喜欢/享受做某事enjoymentn.享受，乐趣enjoyable adj.愉快的；有趣的3.enthusiasm n.热情enthusiasticadj.热情的enthusiasticallyadv.enthusiast狂热者,爱好者，热心家4.extraordinary adj.离奇的；使人惊奇的；不平凡的 extraordinarilyadv.ordinary a.普通的5.enter v.进入；参加entrancen.入口 exitn. /v.出口Theymadea quickexitwhen they saw the police approaching.他们看见警察来

40、了便迅速离去。6.envyvt.& n.忌妒；羡慕envious adj.羡慕的，嫉妒的be envious of7.equal adj.平等的；vt.等于equal to 与平等；等于equallyadv.平等地unequallyadv.不平等地equalityn.平等 inequalityn.不平等equalize v.补偿，成为相等8.equip v.配备；装备beequippedwith配备有equipmentn.装备，设备9.evidence n.证据,证明evidenta.清楚的,显而易见的10.exact a.精确的；确切的exactlyad.精确地；确切地exactnessn.

41、正确，精确inexact adj. 不精确的，不严格的2023英语高考词汇变形总汇161.examine v.检查，审查examinationn.考试；检查2.excellent a.极好的,优秀的excellencen.优秀excel v.（在某方面）擅长Chris has alwaysexcelledat foreign languages.里克一向擅长外语。3.except prep.除之外exceptionn.例外exceptionally adv.例外地，特殊地4.excite vt.使兴奋,使激动excitementn.激动，兴奋excitedadj.exciting excite

42、dly adv.激动地5.exhaust vt.使精疲力尽，耗尽exhaustionn.疲惫，枯竭，exhausted a.精疲力尽的，耗尽的exhausting a.使人精疲力尽是He lay on the sofa,exhausted.累坏了6.exist vi.存在existencen.存在；生存；存在物 existing adj.现行的，现存的7.expand v.扩大expansionn.扩大8.expect vt.预料；期望expectationn.预料；期望live up to ones expectations不辜负某人的期望unexpectedadj.出乎意外的，想不到的un

43、expectedlyadv.Moss had clamped anunexpectedlystrong grip on his arm.莫斯出乎意料地牢牢抓住他的手臂。9.explain v.解释；说明explanation n.解释10.explode vt.使爆炸explosionn.爆炸；爆发2023英语高考词汇变形总汇171.expose vt.使暴露；揭露 exposeto 把暴露于；使处于影响下exposuren.暴露Some children are neverexposedto classical music.有些孩子从来没有接触过古典音乐。The failure of their marriage hasgota lot ofexposurerecently.他俩婚姻失败一事最近被频频曝光。The visit to