2023年中考英语冲刺：阅读理解.pptx

1、Summer阅读理解中考题型系列Learning target一、了解阅读理解的题型二、掌握阅读理解的解题步骤Learning target中考阅读在考啥？中考阅读在考啥？中考阅读到底在考什么？中考阅读不是纯考翻译中考阅读考察正确处理信息的能力！阅读类型阅读理解占比分析细节理解题主旨大意题推断题词义猜测题阅读类型跑不出的四大题型-考察 不同的信息处理能力细节 （6W1H6W1H；判断是非；题干设空）推断 （infer)infer)猜词（the underlined wordthe underlined word）主旨 （main idea;the best titlemain idea;the

2、 best title）细节理解题1.细节理解题细节理解题细节理解题在细节理解题在中中考英语阅读理解试题中所占比例最大，但这部分题目考英语阅读理解试题中所占比例最大，但这部分题目相对来说比较简单，只要通过题干的关键词，在文中找到题目的相关相对来说比较简单，只要通过题干的关键词，在文中找到题目的相关信息，仔细对比，就能得出答案。其正确选项特征为：同义替换、语信息，仔细对比，就能得出答案。其正确选项特征为：同义替换、语言简化、正话反说等。其干扰项特征为：张冠李戴、无中生有、曲解言简化、正话反说等。其干扰项特征为：张冠李戴、无中生有、曲解文意、颠倒是非等。文意、颠倒是非等。推理判断2.推理判断题推理

3、判断题推理判断题考查考生根据字面意思，通过逻辑关系，研究细节，推敲作者推理判断题考查考生根据字面意思，通过逻辑关系，研究细节，推敲作者的态度，理解文章寓意的能力。推理判断题涉及的可能是文中一句或几句的态度，理解文章寓意的能力。推理判断题涉及的可能是文中一句或几句话，甚至是文章或段落的主题，弄清正确选项或干扰选项特征是做题的关话，甚至是文章或段落的主题，弄清正确选项或干扰选项特征是做题的关键。其正确选项特征为：立足原文，只推一步；一般不可出现绝对概念。键。其正确选项特征为：立足原文，只推一步；一般不可出现绝对概念。其干扰选项特征为：曲解文意、张冠李戴、偷梁换柱、无中生有、鱼目混其干扰选项特征为：

4、曲解文意、张冠李戴、偷梁换柱、无中生有、鱼目混珠、扩缩范围等。珠、扩缩范围等。词义猜测3.词义猜测题词义猜测题中中考阅读理解试题中对于词义猜测题的考查力度逐步加大。词义猜测是一考阅读理解试题中对于词义猜测题的考查力度逐步加大。词义猜测是一种阅读技巧和能力，考查考生在短时间内根据上下文快速猜测所指定的某种阅读技巧和能力，考查考生在短时间内根据上下文快速猜测所指定的某一个生词、词组或者句子含义的能力，而这些词或词组往往超出考纲范围。一个生词、词组或者句子含义的能力，而这些词或词组往往超出考纲范围。要做好该类试题需要：利用上下文线索猜测词义要做好该类试题需要：利用上下文线索猜测词义(重述、定义、举例

5、、同重述、定义、举例、同义词或近义词、反义词等义词或近义词、反义词等)；根据语法知识猜测词义；根据上下文逻辑猜；根据语法知识猜测词义；根据上下文逻辑猜测词义；根据构词法猜测词义；根据常识或背景知识猜测词义等。测词义；根据构词法猜测词义；根据常识或背景知识猜测词义等。主旨大意4.主旨大意题主旨大意题主旨大意题主要考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，以概括中主旨大意题主要考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，以概括中心大意、段落大意、选择标题及判断作者写作意图等形式出现。其正确选心大意、段落大意、选择标题及判断作者写作意图等形式出现。其正确选项特征为：涵盖性强，覆盖全文或全段；确定的范围

6、恰当，既不太大，也项特征为：涵盖性强，覆盖全文或全段；确定的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小；精确性强，不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩。其干扰选项特征为：不太小；精确性强，不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩。其干扰选项特征为：过于笼统，不知所云；以偏概全，主次不分；移花接木，偷换概念；无中过于笼统，不知所云；以偏概全，主次不分；移花接木，偷换概念；无中生有，生搬硬套等。生有，生搬硬套等。Learning target跑不出的四大题型-考察 不同的信息处理能力细节 （6W1H6W1H；判断是非；题干设空）推断 （infer)infer)猜词（the underlined wordthe underlined

7、 word）主旨 （main idea;the best titlemain idea;the best title）文章中线索-答案信息概括-答案限时练习，找出主旨题2 Which of the following statement is true/not true?3 Whats the best title of this passage?4 Can you guess the meaning of“?5 Whats the main idea of the passage?6 From the passage,we know the writers son_7 In which pa

8、rt of a magazine can we read the passage?阅读技巧阅读不考翻译，考的是获取和处理信息的能力！我们需要什么的信息？A 题干 B 原文四步速解阅读读划定比题干题干关键词（数大名动）定位原文比较原文和选项数字 大写字母 名词 动词阅读潜规则：题文同序，三句原则真题演练【1】William Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon,in England.His father,John,was a glove-maker.His mother,Mary,was a farmers daughter.He

9、 had two elder sisters,two younger sisters and three younger brothers.【2】William probably studied Latin,Greek and history.He left school when he was 14 or 15.Three years later William married Anne Hathaway.They had a child called Susanna and twins named Judith and Hamnet.Sometimes before 1590 he lef

10、t Stratford and went to London,the capital of England.【3】William worked in London as an actor and then started writing plays too in 1593.He wrote works full of innovation that appeared for the first time at the time.In 1593,a terrible disease killed thousands of people and theaters were closed.Durin

11、g that time,William started to write poems instead of plays.【4】William helped build a new theatre called The Globe in 1599.It was round and had space for 3,000 people.At The Globe,some people stand in front of the stage and others had seats.The audience clapped hands and laughed while watching plays

12、.【5】William wrote plays of comedies with happy endings like A Midsummer Nights dream and tragedies which had sad endings.However,his tragedies are more famous than his comedies.This may be because tragedy has more impressive characteristics than comedy,which often carries more ideological content.【6

13、】William became more and more famous in the following years.Lots of people loved his plays and poetry.He became rich and successful.He had houses in London and Stratford.【7】Sadly,he died on 23 April,1616.People will remember him for his plays and poetry.His plays and poetry were very popular 400 yea

14、rs ago and they are still popular today.Learning target读划定比1 After reading the passage,we can know Susanna was 1 After reading the passage,we can know Susanna was Shakespeares_.Shakespeares_.Learning target读划定比1 After reading the passage,we can know Susanna was 1 After reading the passage,we can kno

15、w Susanna was Shakespeares_.Shakespeares_.划题干：数大名动 题文同序Learning target读划定比1 After reading the passage,we can know Susanna was 1 After reading the passage,we can know Susanna was Shakespeares_.Shakespeares_.A mother B sisterA mother B sisterC wife D childC wife D child划题干：数大名动 题文同序Learning target读划定比

16、1 After reading the passage,we can know Susanna was 1 After reading the passage,we can know Susanna was Shakespeares_.Shakespeares_.A mother B sisterA mother B sisterC wife D childC wife D child划题干：数大名动 题文同序【2】William probably studied Latin,Greek and history.He left school when he was 14 or 15.Three

17、 years later William married Anne Hathaway.They had a child called Susanna and twins named Judith and Hamnet.Sometimes before 1590 he left Stratford and went to London,the capital of England.Learning target读划定比2 The Chinese meaning of the underlined word 2 The Chinese meaning of the underlined word“

18、innovation”in the passage means_.“innovation”in the passage means_.猜词题：本质依然是细节题：找线索Learning target读划定比2 The Chinese meaning of the underlined word 2 The Chinese meaning of the underlined word“innovation”in the passage means_.“innovation”in the passage means_.猜词题：本质依然是细节题：找线索【3】William worked in Lond

19、on as an actor and then started writing plays too in 1593.He wrote works full of innovation that appeared for the first time at the time.In 1593,a terrible disease killed thousands of people and theaters were closed.During that time,William started to write poems instead of plays.Learning target读划定比

20、2 The Chinese meaning of the underlined word 2 The Chinese meaning of the underlined word“innovation”in the passage means_.“innovation”in the passage means_.A A 现实现实 B B 创新创新C C 奇怪奇怪 D D 浪漫浪漫 猜词题：本质依然是细节题：找线索【3】William worked in London as an actor and then started writing plays too in 1593.He wrote

21、works full of innovation that appeared for the first time at the time.In 1593,a terrible disease killed thousands of people and theaters were closed.During that time,William started to write poems instead of plays.Learning target读划定比3 What do we know about the Shakespeares plays?A His tragedies were

22、 not as successful as comedies.B He didnt write historical plays.C His tragedies won the more popularity.D He preferred writing comedies.细节题题文同序Learning target读划定比3 What do we know about the Shakespeares plays?A His tragedies were not as successful as comedies.B He didnt write historical plays.C His

23、 tragedies won the more popularity.D He preferred writing comedies.细节题题文同序【5】William wrote plays of comedies with happy endings like A Midsummer Nights dream and tragedies which had sad endings.However,his tragedies are more famous than his comedies.This may be because tragedy has more impressive ch

24、aracteristics than comedy,which often carries more ideological content.中考阅读速解：暴力跳读法：跳虽然，看但是Learning target读划定比3 What do we know about the Shakespeares plays?A His tragedies were not as successful as comedies.B He didnt write historical plays.C His tragedies won the more popularity.D He preferred wri

25、ting comedies.同义改写干扰项【5】William wrote plays of comedies with happy endings like A Midsummer Nights dream and tragedies which had sad endings.However,his tragedies are more famous than his comedies.This may be because tragedy has more impressive characteristics than comedy,which often carries more id

26、eological content.中考阅读速解：暴力跳读法：跳虽然，看但是干扰项干扰项解题口诀阅读速解之跳读口诀：跳虽然，看但是whilewhilealthoughalthoughthoughthoughhoweverhoweverbutbutLearning target读划定比4 William Shakespeare died when he was _years old.4 William Shakespeare died when he was _years old.真题演练【1】William Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Stratford-u

27、pon-Avon,in England.His father,John,was a glove-maker.His mother,Mary,was a farmers daughter.He had two elder sisters,two younger sisters and three younger brothers.【2】William probably studied Latin,Greek and history.He left school when he was 14 or 15.【3】William worked in London as an actor and the

28、n started writing plays too in 1593.【4】William helped build a new theatre called The Globe in 1599.【5】William wrote plays of comedies with happy endings like A Midsummer Nights.【6】William became more and more famous in the following years.【7】Sadly,he died on 23 April,1616.People will remember him fo

29、r his plays and poetry.His plays and poetry were very popular 400 years ago and they are still popular today.时间顺序Learning target读划定比4 William Shakespeare died when he was _years old.4 William Shakespeare died when he was _years old.A 50 B 55A 50 B 55C 52 D 60C 52 D 60细节题：计算题【1】William Shakespeare wa

30、s born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon,in England.【7】Sadly,he died on 23 April,1616.People will remember him for his plays and poetry.Learning target读划定比5 In which part of a magazine can we read the passage?5 In which part of a magazine can we read the passage?Learning target读划定比5 In which part of a

31、magazine can we read the passage?5 In which part of a magazine can we read the passage?这是细节还是主旨？阅读大boss：主旨题读全文or不读全文 That is a question！主旨题速解秘籍：首尾包抄，段首开道。XLearning target5 In which part of a magazine can we read the passage?5 In which part of a magazine can we read the passage?A English history B Po

32、pular MoviesA English history B Popular MoviesC Great Theaters D Famous PeopleC Great Theaters D Famous People 主旨题速解秘籍：首尾包抄，段首开道。【1】William Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon,in England.His father,John,was a glove-maker.His mother,Mary,was a farmers daughter.He had two elder sisters

33、,two younger sisters and three younger brothers.【2】William probably studied Latin,Greek and history.He left school when he was 14 or 15.【3】William worked in London as an actor and then started writing plays too in 1593.【4】William helped build a new theatre called The Globe in 1599.【5】William wrote p

34、lays of comedies with happy endings like A Midsummer Nights.【6】William became more and more famous in the following years.【7】Sadly,he died on 23 April,1616.People will remember him for his plays and poetry.His plays and poetry were very popular 400 years ago and they are still popular today.四步速解阅读读划定比题干题干关键词（数大名动）定位原文比较原文和选项数字 大写字母 名词 动词阅读潜规则：题文同序，三句原则解题口诀阅读速解之跳读口诀：跳虽然，看但是whilewhilealthoughalthoughthoughthoughhoweverhoweverbutbut主旨题解题 主旨题速解秘籍：首尾包抄，段首开道。SummerThanks