2022年人教版中考英语名词语法总结（ppt课件）.pptx

1、 熟记已学过的名词；熟记已学过的名词；掌握常用名词的数的变化；掌握常用名词的数的变化；掌握名词所有格的构成及其变化；掌握名词所有格的构成及其变化；掌握可数名词与不可数名词的区别及用法。掌握可数名词与不可数名词的区别及用法。中考考查形式：中考考查形式：选择题、单词拼写及选词填选择题、单词拼写及选词填空题空题、完成句子、完成句子 CHU SAN YING YU ZONG FU XICHU SAN YING YU ZONG FU XI 考点揭密考点揭密1.掌握名词的概念、分类，名词可分为：普通名掌握名词的概念、分类，名词可分为：普通名词和专有名词；词和专有名词；2.掌握名词复数的构成、用法；名词所有

2、格的构掌握名词复数的构成、用法；名词所有格的构成方法及用法；成方法及用法；3.理解名词在句中的功能，掌握名词作主语、表理解名词在句中的功能，掌握名词作主语、表语、宾语、复合宾语、定语、状语和同位语的语、宾语、复合宾语、定语、状语和同位语的用法；用法；4.能够辨析部分名词的用法区别，并熟练运用，能够辨析部分名词的用法区别，并熟练运用，如：如：family,home,house;work,job等等 名词的数名词的数名词的所有格名词的所有格名词的变化名词的变化可数名词不可数名词不可数名词名词可以分为名词可以分为专有名词专有名词和和普通名词普通名词，专有名词是，专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专

3、有的名称，如某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如BeijingBeijing，ChinaChina等。普通名词是一类人或东西或等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：是一个抽象概念的名词，如：bookbook，sadnesssadness等。等。普通名词又可分为下面四类：普通名词又可分为下面四类：_|专有名词专有名词|名名|个体名词个体名词|可数名词可数名词|集体名词集体名词|普通名词普通名词|词词|物质名词物质名词|不可数名词不可数名词|抽象名词抽象名词|1）个体名词：）个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。2）集体名词：）集体名词：

4、表示若干个个体组成的集合体，表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：如：family。3物质名词物质名词:表示无法分为个体的实物表示无法分为个体的实物,如如air。4）抽象名词：）抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：抽象概念，如：work。个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数，物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为目计算，称为不可数名词不可数名词。flowerflowers找规律找规律watchesfactory-factoriesleaf-leavesboxes

5、找规律找规律tomatoespotatoesheroesradiosphotos找规律找规律zoospianos不规则变化不规则变化child-childrenwoman-womendeersheepman-mengoose-geese以以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：a.maths，politics，physics等学科名词，一般等学科名词，一般 是不可数名词，为单数。是不可数名词，为单数。b.news 为不可数名词。为不可数名词。c.the United States，the United Nations 应应视为单数视为单数。The United Nations

6、was organized in 1945.联合国是联合国是1945年组建起来年组建起来d.以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。例如：也可视为单数。例如：The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book.一千零一夜一千零一夜是一本非常有趣的是一本非常有趣的故事书。故事书。1）表 示 由 两 部 分 构 成 的 东 西表 示 由 两 部 分 构 成 的 东 西，如：，如：glasses（眼镜）（眼镜）trousers,clothes等，等，若表达具体数目，要借助数量词若表达具体数目

7、，要借助数量词 pair（对，（对，双）双）;suit（套）（套）;a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers等。等。2）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，表示特别意思，如：如：goods货物，货物，waters水水域，域，fishes（各种）鱼（各种）鱼 1.1.不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数单数 *Somebreadisoverthere.*Nonewsisgoodnews.2.2.常用常用howmuch,much,alittle,little,alotof,some,

8、any等来修饰不可数名词等来修饰不可数名词 *Theyhadmuchmoney.*Hedoeslittlehouseworkathome.a bottle of juicea glass of orangetwo boxes of milk不可数名词不可数名词 3.3.sports,clothes*asportsfield*aclothesshop看例题识所有格看例题识所有格 1.Beijing is the capital of China.Beijing is Chinas capital.2.This is Mary and her sisters bedroom.Bob and Luc

9、ys sister is a nurse.3.These are Toms and Lilys bags.4.She is the two boys mother.5.the door of the room the leaves of the tree 6.the girls name=the name of the girl7.He is a friend of my brothers.的的练习练习1.1.Ten years _(is,are)short time for me.Ten years _(is,are)short time for me.2.2.A pair of shoes

10、 _(is,are)under the bed.A pair of shoes _(is,are)under the bed.3.3.The number of the students in our school The number of the students in our school _(is,are)2,000._(is,are)2,000.4.4.The woman with two children _(is,are)The woman with two children _(is,are)coming ing here.5.5.Neither he nor I _(are,

11、am)an American.Neither he nor I _(are,am)an American.is isis isis isis isamam6.Maths _(are,is)hard to learn for the boy.6.Maths _(are,is)hard to learn for the boy.7.They are all _(woman,teachers;7.They are all _(woman,teachers;women teachers).women teachers).8.The population of China _(are,is)over 8

12、.The population of China _(are,is)over 1,300,000,000.1,300,000,000.9.There are many _(peoples,people)in the street in 9.There are many _(peoples,people)in the street in summer.summer.10.One of the students _(have,has)gone to Shanghai.10.One of the students _(have,has)gone to Shanghai.is isis iswomen

13、 teacherswomen teacherspeoplepeoplehashas练习练习1.Several_aretalkingunderthetreeAndtheyare_.Awoman;childrenBwoman;childCwomen;children2.Howfarisyourschoolfromhere？NotveryfarItsabouttwentywalk.AminutesBminutes Cminutes3.Therearethreeinmyfamily.A.people B.personC.child4.Moststudentscangotocollegeforfurth

14、erinourcity.A.educationB.informationC.science5.Thisisbedroom.Thetwinsisterlikeitverymuch.A.AnnandJaneB.AnnandJanesC.AnnsandJanesCCAAB()1.Pleasegiveme_paper.A.oneB.apieceC.aD.apieceof()2.Thistableismadeof_.A.manyglassB.someglassesC.glassesD.glass()3.Billrunsfast.Hewonthe_800metreraceyesterday.Aboys B

15、boys CboyDboys.()4.Some_cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.A.GermansB.GermenC.GermanyD.Germanies()5.Inthepicturetherearemany_andtwo_.A.sheeps;foxesB.sheeps;foxesC.sheep;foxesD.sheep;foxsDDBAC()6.Thisisnotmycap,butmy_.A.brothersB.brothersC.brothers D.brother()7.Theywritemostoftheir_inEnglish.A.businessl

16、etterB.businesslettersC.businessesD.businessesletters()8._are_forcuttingthings.A.Knife,usedB.Knives,usingC.Knife,usingD.Knives,used()9.Johnbought_forhimselfyesterday.A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoeC.twopairofshoesD.twopairsshoes()10.Excuseme,whereisthe_?A.mensroomB.mensroomC.mensroomsD.menroomsBBDA

17、A根据所给单词的正确形式填空：根据所给单词的正确形式填空：1.Differentpeoplemayhavedifferent_.(idea)2.Ioftengotoworkon.(foot)3.Iknowoneofthe.(boy)4.Mr.Browniswearingapairof.(glass)5.Pleasegivethemtheir.(photo)6.Arethereanyinthebox?(watch)7.Therearetwelveinayear.(month)8.Wouldyoulikesome?(tomato)9.Lookatthoseintheboats!(people)10

18、.Look!Thearesinging.(woman)11.September10thisDay.(teacher)12.Jimhassome.(knife)13.Howmucharethese?(vegetable)14.Myschoolistwenty_walkfromhere.(minute)15.Thegirlunderthetreeisafriendof_.(Lucy)ideasfootboysglassesphotoswatchesmonthstomatoespeoplewomenTeachersknivesvegetablesminutesLucys【例【例1】Today is

19、September 10th.Its_Day.A.Teachers B.Teachers C.the Teachers D.Teachers 典型例题解析典型例题解析【例【例2】Im afraid that there is no_ for you in my car,because there are already five people.A.land B.ground C.room D.floorBC【例【例3】These Germans want to have some_for supper,so they decide to catch_now.A.fish,many B.fish

20、es,much C.fish,much D.fishes,many【例【例4】I am thirsty.Would you bring me_,please?A.some bread B.some water C.some cakes D.some eggs【例【例5】Some_are flying kites near the river.A.child B.boy C.boys D.childs AB C.将下列词组译成英语将下列词组译成英语1.三双鞋三双鞋 _2.二十个女教师二十个女教师 _3.两瓶橘汁两瓶橘汁 _4.Tom父亲的一个朋友父亲的一个朋友 _5.少年宫少年宫 _ 课时训练课

21、时训练there pairs of shoestwenty women teacherstwo bottles of orange juicea friend of Toms fathersthe Childrens Palace1.The rich_not always happy.A.are B.is C.have D.has2.In Britain,_are all painted red.A.letter boxes B.letters boxes C.letter box D.letters box3.There are four_and two_in the group.A.Jap

22、anese，Germen B.Japaneses，Germen C.Japanese，German D.Japanese，Germans4.She was born in Wuhan,but Beijing has become her second_.A.home B.family C.house D.country 5.Mother brought me_.A.a good news B.a piece of news C.many good news D.two news 课时训练课时训练AADAB6.March 8th is _Day.A.Womans B.Womens C.Woman

23、s D.Women 7.We can do the work better with_money and _ people.A.less,fewer B.fewer,less C.little,little D.few,few8.There are three_in our class.A.Zhous B.Zhous C.Zhous D.Zhouss 9.Its about ten_walk.A.minutes B.minutes C.minute D.minutes10.This room is_.A.Bill and Davids B.Bills and Davids C.Bills an

24、d Davids D.Bill and David 课时训练课时训练(B)(A)(B)(B)(A)11.Beijing is one of the most beautiful_in China.A.city B.cities C.citys D.the cities12.Would you like_?A.some more meat B.any more meat C.many more meat D.more much meat 13.What can I do for you,sir?Id like two_.A.bottle of milk B.bottles of milks C.bottles of milk D.bottle of milks14.Toms car is more beautiful than_.A.his brothers and sister B.his brother and sister C.his brothers and sisters D.his brothers and sisters15.“Nightingal Prize”is for_.A.workers B.scientists C.doctors D.nurseBACD D