2021年人教版中考英语一轮复习 - 动词不定式专项讲解 （ppt课件）.ppt

1、RED.RED动词不定式动词不定式To do that sort of thing is foolish。I want to see you this evening.All you have to do is to finish it quickly.We found a house to live in.She came here to study English.I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation.主语主语 宾语宾语表语表语 定语定语 状语状语 宾补宾补RED作主语作主语To master a fo

2、reign language is really important nowadays.To give up smoking is right.1.当今掌握一门外语真的很重要。当今掌握一门外语真的很重要。2.放弃吸烟是对的。放弃吸烟是对的。REDTo die for the people is a glorious death.To die for the people is a glorious death.To see is to believe.To see is to believe.ItIt做形式主语。做形式主语。It takes me half an hour to go to s

3、chool It takes me half an hour to go to school by bicycle.by bicycle.It is impossible for me to go there within It is impossible for me to go there within half an hour.half an hour.RED作宾语作宾语Fred didnt have any money,so he decided to look for a job.He promised not to tell anyone about it.1.Fred 没有钱，所

4、以他决定找一份工作。没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。2.他答应不告述任何人这事。他答应不告述任何人这事。REDHe managed to finish his homework in time.He managed to finish his homework in time.She pretended to be ill.She pretended to be ill.I think I think itit possible to master at least one foreign language in possible to master at least one foreign l

5、anguage in middle school.middle school.They have no choice but to stay there.They have no choice but to stay there.manage,dicide,hope,offer,pretend,promise,agree,fail,etc.manage,dicide,hope,offer,pretend,promise,agree,fail,etc.RED作表语作表语My job is to teach English.To see is to believe.1.我的工作是教英语我的工作是教

6、英语。2.眼见为实。眼见为实。RED不定式做表语，其逻辑主语不是句子的主不定式做表语，其逻辑主语不是句子的主语。语。Her wish is to become a teacher.Her wish is to become a teacher.Our main task is to develop the Our main task is to develop the students ability to solve problems.students ability to solve problems.We are to take part in military We are to ta

7、ke part in military training next month.training next month.RED作定语作定语Do you have anything to say?1.你有什么要说的吗你有什么要说的吗?2.Betty是第一个知道这真相的人是第一个知道这真相的人 Betty was the first to know the truth.RED不定式作定语位于被他修饰的名词或代词之后不定式作定语位于被他修饰的名词或代词之后；不定式和它所修饰的词之间有动宾关系；不定式和它所修饰的词之间有动宾关系I have a letter to write.I have a let

8、ter to write.但是不定式后面是不及物动词，后面须有必要但是不定式后面是不及物动词，后面须有必要的介词。的介词。I want a box to put my pencils in.I want a box to put my pencils in.Xiao Li is a very nice person to work Xiao Li is a very nice person to work with.with.This is a good place to have a holiday.This is a good place to have a holiday.RED作状语作

9、状语He spoke loudly(so as/in order)to be heard.They jumped with joy to hear the news.Im too tired to walk any further tonight.目的状语目的状语.原因状语原因状语.结果状语结果状语RED不定式做目的状语：不定式做目的状语：to,in order to,so as to,in order to,so as toto做结果状语：做结果状语：tooto,only to(tooto,only to(没想到会没想到会),),enough to,enough to,They are to

10、o young to understand what I They are too young to understand what I have said.have said.He hurried to the station only to find He hurried to the station only to find that train had left.that train had left.He is old enough to go to school.He is old enough to go to school.Glad,anxious,ready,pleased,

11、happy,Glad,anxious,ready,pleased,happy,willing willing RED作宾补作宾补She asked me to stay there.1.她叫我呆在这儿。她叫我呆在这儿。2.请允许我介绍请允许我介绍Mr.White给你们。给你们。Please allow me to introduce Mr.White to you.RED注意注意A.有些动词做宾补后面的不定式有些动词做宾补后面的不定式不带不带to，如如feel（一感）（一感）hear,listen to（二听）（二听）make,have,let（三让）（三让）see,watch,notice,

12、look at,observe（五看）（五看）.I heard them sing a pop song.The teacher made me answer the question.We watched them play football.REDhelp sb(to)dohelp sb(to)do不定式做宾补改成被动语态，不定式做宾补改成被动语态，toto不可省略。不可省略。She was seen to take away the magazines.She was seen to take away the magazines.They were made to leave thei

13、r country.They were made to leave their country.We were helped to overcome the We were helped to overcome the difficulties.difficulties.但是但是letlet是被动语态，仍可省略是被动语态，仍可省略totoHe is not let go by the policeman.He is not let go by the policeman.watch&have watch&have 不可改成被动语态。不可改成被动语态。I watched him play the

14、 piano.I watched him play the piano.She had me do it for her.She had me do it for her.RED注意注意 B.动词不定式的否定式只须在动词不定式的否定式只须在to 前加前加 not.My father decided not to take up the job.The teacher told us not to be late again.RED注意注意C.带疑问词的动词不定式在带疑问词的动词不定式在to 前加疑问词前加疑问词。Mr.Lin will teach us how to use the compu

15、ter.Can you tell me where to get the book?RED注意注意D.作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去，动词不定式常常省去to 后面后面的动词的动词，只，只保留保留to。A:Would you like to come to my party?Mary wanted to use my bike,but I asked her not to(use my bike).B:Yes,Id love to(come to your party).Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。RED动

16、词不定式的时态动词不定式的时态1.I opened the door to enter the room.2.Mr.Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.一般式一般式(to do).不定式的一般式所不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态表示的动作（状态）与谓语动词几乎）与谓语动词几乎同时发生或不强调同时发生或不强调时间性，或之后发时间性，或之后发生。生。RED.完成式（完成式（to have done)1.I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.2.You seemed to

17、have read the novel written by Mr.Smith.如果不定式表如果不定式表示的动作发生示的动作发生在谓语之前。在谓语之前。RED.进行式进行式(to be doing)1.I am very glad to be working with you.2.He pretended to be reading when his mother came in.强调不定式所表示的强调不定式所表示的动作正在进行。动作正在进行。RED动词不定式的语态动词不定式的语态.主动式主动式(to do/to be doing/to have done)1.We want to learn

18、 English well.2.Robert is said_abroad,but I didnt know what country he studied in.A.to have studied B.to studyC.made D.to make当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示动当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示动作的执行者时作的执行者时.RED.被动式被动式(to be done/to have been done)1.He didnt like to be laughed at.2.He claimed _in the supper market when he was doing

19、 shopping yesterday.A.being badly treated B.treating badlyC.to be treated badly D.to have been badly treated.当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时的动作的承受者时.RED不定式省略不定式省略toto的情况的情况1.See,watch,ovserve,notice,1.See,watch,ovserve,notice,hear,feel,took at,listen to.hear,feel,took at,listen to.2.make,

20、let,have,(get sb to do)2.make,let,have,(get sb to do)3.why not3.why not4.had better,would 4.had better,would rather(than),cannot but,do rather(than),cannot but,do nothing but.nothing but.RED不定式的复合结构不定式的复合结构for sb to do sth.for sb to do sth.of sb to do sth of sb to do sthIt is very important for us t

21、o studIt is very important for us to study y hard.hard.These desks are for the new teachers These desks are for the new teachers to use.to use.Its kind of you to repair my Its kind of you to repair my bicycle.bicycle.RED1.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier_ it more difficult.A.no

22、t make B.not to make C.not making D.do not make 2.Ive worked with children before,so I know what _ in my new job.A.expected B.to expect C.to be expecting D.expects考题汇集考题汇集：RED3.Charles Babbage is generally considered _the first computer.A.to invent B.inventing C.to have invented D.having invented4.A

23、llen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home.A.much too heavy B.too much heavy C.heavy too much D.too heavy muchRED5.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _.A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to6.Little Jim would love _ to the thea

24、tre this evening.A.to be taken B.to take B.C.being taken D.takingRED7.There are five pairs _,but Im at a loss which to buy.A.to be chosen B.to choose from C.to choose D.for choosing8._late the next morning,Bob turned off the alarm.A.To sleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.Having sleep RED9.With a lot of diffi

25、cult problems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.having settled10.The teacher asked us_so much noise.A.dont make B.not makeC.not making D.not to makeRED11.The light in the office is still on.-Oh,I forgot .A.turning it off B.turn it off C.having tur

26、ned it off D.to turn it off12.She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake.A.to clean B.cleaning C.Cleaned D.being cleaned13.Not everybody has the ability in public.A.of speak B.speaking C.spoken D.to speakRED14.Mary is always the first student14.Mary is always the first student to answ

27、er the to answer the teacherteachers questions in class.s questions in class.A.rising B.to rise A.rising B.to rise C.rose D.risenC.rose D.risen15.15.Would you be so kindWould you be so kind us out?-With us out?-With pleasure.pleasure.A.helping B.in helping C.help D.as to helpA.helping B.in helping C.help D.as to help