2023年中考英语一轮复习 （ppt课件）介词定义和分类.pptx

1、2022-2023初中英语牛津版中考一轮复习初中英语牛津版中考一轮复习一、介词的定义：介词是一种虚词，用于名词和代词前，不可在句中单独作句子成分。二、时间介词1.常见的时间介词介词的定义和分类介词含义in,after,during,for表示一段时间（时间段）at,on表示一点时间（时间点）by,till,until表示期限（截止到）1.常见的时间介词介词的定义和分类介词含义through表示期间within表示在一段时间内before表示在某一时间之前after表示在某一时间之后from,since表示时间起点二、时间介词2.at,in,on的区别介词的定义和分类介词例子含义atat 8oc

2、lock后接具体的钟点时刻onon Monday用于具体某一天inin spring后接年、月、年月、季节等二、时间介词介词的定义和分类3.时间介词的特殊用法_a cold night_ the morning of July 3rd在时间的前面或后面有任何修饰词时，介词用_.4.常用的固定搭配at noon 在中午at night 在夜晚at midnight 在午夜at Christmas 在圣诞节in the morning 在早上in the afternoon 在下午in the evening 在晚上二、时间介词介词的定义和分类3.时间介词的特殊用法_a cold night_ t

3、he morning of July 3rd在时间的前面或后面有任何修饰词时，介词用_.4.常用的固定搭配at noon 在中午at night 在夜晚at midnight 在午夜at Christmas 在圣诞节in the morning 在早上in the afternoon 在下午in the evening 在晚上atonon三、地点方位介词介词的定义和分类1.in和at使用方法Tom arrived _ the stop at five.When you arrive_Beijing,please let me know.小处用_;大处用_2.on the tree和in the

4、 treeThere are some apples_the tree.on the tree:表示“_”在树上There is a boy_the tree.in the tree:表示“_”人或物在树上三、地点方位介词介词的定义和分类1.in和at使用方法Tom arrived _ the stop at five.When you arrive_Beijing,please let me know.小处用_;大处用_2.on the tree和in the treeThere are some apples_the tree.on the tree:表示“_”在树上There is a

5、boy_the tree.in the tree:表示“_”人或物在树上atinatinon树上本身长的东西in外界的三、地点方位介词介词的定义和分类3.on,over,above,under,below,beneath三、地点方位介词介词的定义和分类4.in the wall和on the wall用on表示在墙的_上；用in表示在_.如画挂在墙上，就用_the wall.钉子在墙里，就用_the wall.5.in front of和in the front ofThere is a desk in front of the blackboard.in front of:在.前面（_)Th

6、e boy sat in the front of the car.in the front of:在.前面（_)三、地点方位介词介词的定义和分类4.in the wall和on the wall用on表示在墙的_上；用in表示在_.如画挂在墙上，就用_the wall.钉子在墙里，就用_the wall.5.in front of和in the front ofThere is a desk in front of the blackboard.in front of:在.前面（_)The boy sat in the front of the car.in the front of:在.前

7、面（_)表面里面onin外部内部三、地点方位介词介词的定义和分类6.in,on,to(地理方位）Nanjing is in the south of Jiangsu.南京在江苏南部。in:表示某地在某一特定区域_Henan is on the west of Shandong.河南在山东的西部。on:表示某地在某一特定区域_,且两地相互_Japan is to the east of China.日本在中国的东面。to:表示某地在某一特定区域_,但两地相互_接壤三、地点方位介词介词的定义和分类6.in,on,to(地理方位）Nanjing is in the south of Jiangsu.

8、南京在江苏南部。in:表示某地在某一特定区域_Henan is on the west of Shandong.河南在山东的西部。on:表示某地在某一特定区域_,且两地相互_Japan is to the east of China.日本在中国的东面。to:表示某地在某一特定区域_,但两地相互_接壤内外接壤A外不三、地点方位介词介词的定义和分类7.across和through(1)through:通常表示的动作是在_进行的，往往指穿过沙漠、森林、窗户等。through the window(2)across:横穿_。across the grass三、地点方位介词介词的定义和分类7.acros

9、s和through(1)through:通常表示的动作是在_进行的，往往指穿过沙漠、森林、窗户等。through the window(2)across:横穿_。across the grass内部空间平面三、地点方位介词介词的定义和分类7.between和amongYou sit between your father and me.between:表示_之间He is always happy among his classmates.among:用于_的中间三、地点方位介词介词的定义和分类7.between和amongYou sit between your father and me.

10、between:表示_之间He is always happy among his classmates.among:用于_的中间两者三者及三都以上课堂测验课堂测验_ the afternoon of April 30th,many foreign visitors arrived _Shanghai.A.In;at B.On;in C.On;to课堂测验课堂测验_ the afternoon of April 30th,many foreign visitors arrived _Shanghai.A.In;at B.On;in C.On;to课堂测验课堂测验Amy arrived in N

11、ew York_ the afternoon of March 31.A.on B.at C.in D.for课堂测验课堂测验Amy arrived in New York_ the afternoon of March 31.A.on B.at C.in D.for课堂测验课堂测验For many western people,they drink cold water even_ winter.A.on B.for C.at D.in课堂测验课堂测验For many western people,they drink cold water even_ winter.A.on B.for C

12、.at D.in课堂测验课堂测验-When were you born?-I was born _ a cold winter morning in 1994.A.in B.at C.on 课堂测验课堂测验-When were you born?-I was born _ a cold winter morning in 1994.A.in B.at C.on 四、方式介词介词的定义和分类1.by+交通工具，交通工具名词只能用_by bus,by air,on foot.2.in作方式介词的用法(1)i+冠词/物主代词+交通工具名词。中间必须要用冠词或者物主代词修饰。如in a car(2)i

13、n+工具、语言、衣着、声音等。如in English,in red3.on+冠词/物主代词+交通工具名词。中间必须要用冠词或者物主代词修饰.如on his bike,on the train/plane.四、方式介词介词的定义和分类1.by+交通工具，交通工具名词只能用_by bus,by air,on foot.2.in作方式介词的用法(1)i+冠词/物主代词+交通工具名词。中间必须要用冠词或者物主代词修饰。如in a car(2)in+工具、语言、衣着、声音等。如in English,in red3.on+冠词/物主代词+交通工具名词。中间必须要用冠词或者物主代词修饰.如on his bi

14、ke,on the train/plane.单数五、介词辨析介词的定义和分类1.besides,except,except forbesidesHave you got any clothes besides these?除了这些衣服你还有别的吗？除.外，还有.，包括所”除“事物在内。概念上相当于”_”.五、介词辨析介词的定义和分类1.besides,except,except forbesidesHave you got any clothes besides these?除了这些衣服你还有别的吗？除.外，还有.，包括所”除“事物在内。概念上相当于”_”.+五、介词辨析介词的定义和分类1.b

15、esides,except,except forexceptThey all went to the Summer Palace except Tom.除汤姆之外他们都去了颐和园。除了.，不包括所”除“事物。指同类事物“除去”一个，概念上相当于”_”.except forThe roads were clear except for a few cars.除几辆小汽车外，路面很空旷。指在一个整体中“除去”一个部分，使整体更好。概念上相当于”_”五、介词辨析介词的定义和分类1.besides,except,except forexceptThey all went to the Summer P

16、alace except Tom.除汤姆之外他们都去了颐和园。除了.，不包括所”除“事物。指同类事物“除去”一个，概念上相当于”_”.except forThe roads were clear except for a few cars.除几辆小汽车外，路面很空旷。指在一个整体中“除去”一个部分，使整体更好。概念上相当于”_”-五、介词辨析介词的定义和分类2.in the end,at the end of,by the end of(1)In the end they reached a place of safety.in the end意为_”,可单独使用，后不接介词0f,(2)At

17、the end of the road stands a beautiful garden.They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week.at the end of 意为_”,可用以指时间或处所，强调一段时间的结束点或某段路程的终止处。不可去掉o单独使用。(3)By the end of last month he had finished the novel.by the end of意为“_”,只能指时间，不可去掉0f单独使用。五、介词辨析介词的定义和分类2.in the end,at the end of,

18、by the end of(1)In the end they reached a place of safety.in the end意为_”,可单独使用，后不接介词0f,(2)At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden.They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week.at the end of 意为_”,可用以指时间或处所，强调一段时间的结束点或某段路程的终止处。不可去掉o单独使用。(3)By the end of last month he had fin

19、ished the novel.by the end of意为“_”,只能指时间，不可去掉0f单独使用。最后，终于在.的末梢，到.的尽头在.结束之时，到.为止五、介词辨析介词的定义和分类3.beside,near和next to(1)There is a chair beside the table.beside表示_”(2)There is a theatre near his home.There is a post office near/beside No.1 Middle School.near表示_”,表示的距离比beside稍远些，也时常换用.(3)The new buildin

20、g next to the bookstore is a cinema.There is a cafe next to the barbers.next to表示_”五、介词辨析介词的定义和分类3.beside,near和next to(1)There is a chair beside the table.beside表示_”(2)There is a theatre near his home.There is a post office near/beside No.1 Middle School.near表示_”,表示的距离比beside稍远些，也时常换用.(3)The new bui

21、lding next to the bookstore is a cinema.There is a cafe next to the barbers.next to表示_”在.旁边在.附近紧靠.旁边真题演练真题演练()1.The Dragon Boat Festival this year will comefour days.A.after B.for C.during D.in()2.-Would you please provide us_some information about the school sports meeting?-Sure.Its said that it wi

22、ll start_the morning of September 20th.A.for;on B.with;on C.for;in D.with:in()3.-Do you remember what she looked like when you first met her?-Of course.She was tall and thin _ long hair.A.in B.with C.on真题演练真题演练()1.The Dragon Boat Festival this year will comefour days.A.after B.for C.during D.in()2.-

23、Would you please provide us_some information about the school sports meeting?-Sure.Its said that it will start_the morning of September 20th.A.for;on B.with;on C.for;in D.with:in()3.-Do you remember what she looked like when you first met her?-Of course.She was tall and thin _ long hair.A.in B.with

24、C.on真题演练真题演练()4.Could you please give me a hand?I cant complete the task on time_your help.A.without B.under C.with D.for()5.Not only the students but also the teachers took part_the schoolsports meeting last week.A.at B.on C.in D.for()6.Well play basketball_ Class 3 tomorrow.A.over B.against C.to D

25、.for()7.The bank is_the bookstore and the post office.A.at the front of B.among C.between真题演练真题演练()4.Could you please give me a hand?I cant complete the task on time_your help.A.without B.under C.with D.for()5.Not only the students but also the teachers took part_the schoolsports meeting last week.A

26、.at B.on C.in D.for()6.Well play basketball_ Class 3 tomorrow.A.over B.against C.to D.for()7.The bank is_the bookstore and the post office.A.at the front of B.among C.between真题演练真题演练()8.-Could you tell me the way_the railway station?一Go along this road and soon youll find it.A.at B.to C.in D.between

27、()9.-Our class will have a party _the evening of June 30th.Would you like to come?-Yes,Id love to,but Im going to visit my grandparents in Dalian.A.in B.on C.at()10.Heilongjiang Province is_the northeast of China.A.to B.in C.on真题演练真题演练()8.-Could you tell me the way_the railway station?一Go along this road and soon youll find it.A.at B.to C.in D.between()9.-Our class will have a party _the evening of June 30th.Would you like to come?-Yes,Id love to,but Im going to visit my grandparents in Dalian.A.in B.on C.at()10.Heilongjiang Province is_the northeast of China.A.to B.in C.on