1、The Attributive Clause定语从句定语从句Grammar I like a song.The song sounds good.I like a song which/that sounds good.The song which/that I like sounds good.充当主语充当主语充当宾语充当宾语u指物物：不管充当主语还是宾语，都可以用which和that I like a boy.The boy is handsome.I like a boy who/that is handsome.The boy who/whom/that I like is hands
2、ome.充当主语充当主语充当宾语充当宾语u指人人：充当主语，用who和that 充当宾语，用who/whom/that I like a boy.His name is Deng Lun.I like a boy whose name is Deng Lun.I like the house.The windows of the house face south.I like the house whose windows face south.充当定语充当定语充当定语充当定语u指某人的、某物的：用whoseI still remember the days when I played wit
3、h you.I still remember the days.I played with youu指时间状语时间状语：用whenduring the days时间状语时间状语I still remember the days which/that I spent with you.I still remember the days.I spent with youu指物：用which/thatthe days充当宾语，时间名词充当宾语，时间名词I still remember the days which/that we visited last year.I still remember
4、the city.We visited last year.u指物物：用which/thatthe city充当宾语，地点名词充当宾语，地点名词I still remember the city where we lived last year.I still remember the city.We lived last year.u指地点状语地点状语：用wherein the city地点状语地点状语I cant believe his reason why he was late.I cant believe his reason.He was late u指原因状语原因状语：用whyf
5、or the reason 原因状语原因状语I cant believe his reasonwhich/that he explained to me.I cant believe his reason.He explained to me.u指物物：用which/thatthe reason 充当宾语充当宾语l 总结：总结：看先行词在从句中充当什么成份，再用对应的关系词。l 省略：省略：先行词在从句中充当宾语宾语时，可以省略省略关系词。The song I like sounds good.The boy I like is handsome.I still remember the da
6、ys we visited last year.I still remember the days I spent with you.1.关系代词在从句中作主语关系代词在从句中作主语e.g.I thank the woman _ helped me.2.关系代词在从句中作宾语关系代词在从句中作宾语 e.g.The girl _ I met yesterday is Mary.3.关系代词在从句中作主语关系代词在从句中作主语e.g.The book _ is cheap is on the desk.4.关系代词在从句中作宾语关系代词在从句中作宾语e.g.The book _ I bought
7、yesterday is on the desk.Ex 1.who/thatwho/that/whom/Xthat/whichthat/which/X定语从句的一些特殊情况定语从句的一些特殊情况1.只能用只能用that，不能用，不能用which来指代物的情况来指代物的情况1).当先行词当先行词既有人又有物既有人又有物时时Do you know the things and persons _ they are talking about?that2）先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。）先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。This is the first book _ I have read.That
8、is the most interesting book _ I have read.3)先行词被先行词被both,all,every,any,no，few,little,the only，the very(正是那个正是那个)等修饰等修饰时时.The only thing _ we can do is to give you some money.I have read all the books _ are not mine.thatthatthatthat4)先行词是先行词是指物指物的的不定代词不定代词，如，如all,anything,everything,something,nothin
9、g,both,none等等You should hand in all _ you have.Everything _ is needed is ready.5)当主句是当主句是which或或who引导的特殊疑问句时引导的特殊疑问句时.e.g.Which is the computer _ you like?Who is the man _ you like?thatthatthatthat2.指人时只能用指人时只能用who,不用不用that的情况的情况 1)当先行词是指人的代词，如当先行词是指人的代词，如one,those,anyone,everyone,he，no one,nobody 时
10、。时。Those _ break the law must be punished.whoHe _ doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.who2)在在there be句型中，先行词指人时句型中，先行词指人时e.g.There is a man _ wants to find you.who3.指物时只能用指物时只能用which不用不用that的情况的情况1）当定语从句中的介词提到关系代词前面）当定语从句中的介词提到关系代词前面 This is the room in _ I live.2)在在非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句中，只用中，只
11、用which 不用不用that.Beijing,_ is the capital of China,is a very beautiful city.whichwhich定语从句分为限制性和非限制定语从句定语从句分为限制性和非限制定语从句限制性限制性非限制性非限制性无逗号无逗号有逗号有逗号与先行词关系密切，去掉意思与先行词关系密切，去掉意思不完整不完整 e.g.I was the only person who was invited.与先行词关系不密切，去掉意思扔与先行词关系不密切，去掉意思扔完整完整 e.g.Toms father,who is sixty,works hard every
12、 day.只可修饰先行词，不可修饰整个句只可修饰先行词，不可修饰整个句子子 e.g.This is the book which I bought.可修饰整个句子可修饰整个句子e.g.He has passed the exam,which makes us happy.关系代词在从句中当宾语时可关系代词在从句中当宾语时可省略省略e.g.He is the man I met yesterday.关系代词在从句中当宾语时不能关系代词在从句中当宾语时不能省略省略e.g.Toms father,who I met yesterday,worked hard every day.能用能用that不能
13、用不能用that四四.定语从句的分类定语从句的分类1.The man who lives downstairs speaks English.2.I,who am your friend,should do something for you.one of与与the(only)one ofone of+复数复数n.+关系代词关系代词+v(复数复数).the(only)one of+复数复数n.+关系代词关系代词+v(单数单数).e.g.I know one of the students who are good at English.I know the(only)one of the st
14、udents who is good at English.五、定语从句的主谓一致五、定语从句的主谓一致六六.独立的句子与定语从句的区别独立的句子与定语从句的区别He has two sons.Both of _ are teachers.He has two sons,both of_ are teachers.He has passed the exam._ makes us happy.He has passed the exam,_ makes us happy.themwhomItwhich七、关系副词的选择七、关系副词的选择当从句不缺成分（名词），当从句不缺成分（名词），先行词与地
15、点有关，用先行词与地点有关，用where;.与时间有关，用与时间有关，用when;.与原因有关，用与原因有关，用why.1.This is the room _ I live in.2.This is the room_ I live.3.Shantou is the city _ I was born.4.I still remember the day _ I met you.5.Please tell me the reason _ you were late.关系副词引导的从句可以由关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导引导的从句替换的从句替换,where=at/i
16、n/on which,when=in/on/during which,why=for whichwhich/thatwhere=in whichwhere=in whichwhen=on whichwhy=for whichIll never forget the time_ we spent together.Ill never forget the time_ we stayed together.The reason _ he gave us is strange.The reason _ he was late is unknown.that/whichwhenthat/whichwh
17、y 先行词是先行词是the way 的用法的用法in the way 以以 方式方式I dont like the way_ you speak.I dont like the way_ you thought of.which/that/省省in which/that/省省Mary is a girl.Mary has long hair.合并为一个句子合并为一个句子Mary is a girl who/that has long hair.合并成定语从句合并成定语从句1.The boy is Tom.He sits in front of me.The boy who/that sits
18、in front of me is Tom.2.The teacher will give us a talk.We met the teacher yesterday.The teacher(who/that/whom)we met yesterday will give us a talk.3.Im reading a book.The book is about Bill Gates.Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.4.The house is now the Lu Xun Museum.Lu Xun once lived
19、 in the house.The house which/that Lu Xun once lived in is now the Lu Xun Museum.The house in whichLu Xun once lived is now the Lu Xun Museum.若关系代词前若关系代词前有介词有介词，指人只能用，指人只能用whom，指，指物只能用物只能用which。e.g.1.This is the room _ I live in.This is the room in _ I live.2.He is the man_ I work with.He is the man
20、 with _ I work.that/who/whomwhomwhich/thatwhich若关系代词在从句中充当若关系代词在从句中充当宾宾语，则可语，则可省略省略,但但介词介词提前提前，关系代词，关系代词不能省不能省略；关系代词作略；关系代词作主主语，语，一定一定不能省不能省略略e.g.1.The girl _ I met yesterday is his sister.2.This is the factory _we visited last year.that/which/Xthat/who/whom/X3.whose在定语从句里修饰名词作定语，相当于被在定语从句里修饰名词作定语，相当于被修饰成分的所有格（谁的，什么东西的）修饰成分的所有格（谁的，什么东西的）.它引导的它引导的从句从句可以修饰人和物可以修饰人和物,whose+n.=the+n.+of which/whome.g.1).The writer _ books are famous arrived.=The writer,the books of whom are famous，arrived.2).This is the house _ window is broken.=This is the house,the window of which is broken.whosewhose
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