Unit 5 Grammar-名词性从句（ppt课件）-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第一册.pptx

1、What Yuan Longping really cared about was not money or celebrity.Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution.The fact that Dr.Yuan dedicated all his life to agriculture touched us.表语表语从句从句宾语宾语从句从句The solution was that farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had.同位语同位语从句

2、从句主语主语主语从句从句 名词性从句的引导词：名词性从句的引导词：that(无意义；但不省无意义；但不省)if、whether(不充当句子成分，只不充当句子成分，只起连接作用起连接作用,“是否是否”)as if,as though、because(多用于表语多用于表语从句从句)who/whoever、what/whatever、which/whichever、whom、whose 作主作主/宾宾/表表/定定 When/whenever、where/wherever、how/however、why.作状语作状语从属连词连接代词连接代词 连接副词连接副词 1)That she left him h

3、urt him so much.2)Whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.3)What concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.4)Whoever solves the puzzle can receive the a

4、ward.5)When these wheat farmers will join this pilot experiment remains an unanswered question.6)How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.在句子里担当主语的从句叫做主语从句。that只起引导作只起引导作用，无意义，但用，无意义，但不省。不省。1._ impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams

5、.2.The limits of a persons intelligence,generally speaking,are fixed at birth,but _ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.(安徽卷安徽卷)3.Every year,_ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the kite Festival.（北京卷）（北京卷）4._Li Bai,a great Chinese poet,was born is known to the publ

6、ic.（江苏卷）（江苏卷）5._ he had an important conference to attend the next morning occurred to him.(湖北卷湖北卷)WhereThatwhetherWhatwhoever=It occurred to him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.用it 作形式主语的常见结构：It is clear/obvious thatIt is likely that 当主语从句太长，为了避免头重脚轻，常用当主语从句太长，为了避免头重脚

7、轻，常用it作形作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。常有以下句型：式主语，而把主语从句后置。常有以下句型：It be+形容词形容词+that常用于该句型的形容词有常用于该句型的形容词有 clear,obvious,natural,likely,possible,necessary etc._（很清楚）（很清楚）charges vary according to size._(有可能有可能)the driver wont pick you up at the airport.It be+名词（词组）名词（词组）+that常用于该句型的名词（词组）有常用于该句型的名词（词组）有 a pity,a sha

8、me,good news,a fact,an honor,a wonder,no wonder .用it 作形式主语的常见结构：_(是个遗憾是个遗憾)your parents didnt permit you to go with us._(难怪难怪)youve achieved such a great success.用it 作形式主语的常见结构：It is estimated that（should）be Tip 1 Tip 1当过去分词表示当过去分词表示建议，要求，命建议，要求，命令等词时，名词令等词时，名词性从句应该用虚性从句应该用虚拟语气，即拟语气，即 (should)do(sho

9、uld)do It be+过去分词过去分词+that常用于该句型的过去分词有常用于该句型的过去分词有said,believed,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,suggested,hoped etc.1._(据估计据估计)about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuans hybrid strains.2.It is suggested that the work _ done with grea

10、t care.It+不及物动词（短语）不及物动词（短语）+that常用于该句型的不及物动词（短语）有常用于该句型的不及物动词（短语）有seem,turn out,happen,appear,occur It occurred to me thatIt turned out thatIt happened that _(我突然想起我突然想起)how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time._（结果是）（结果是）our assumption was wrong._（碰巧）（碰巧）he was out tha

11、t day.1.据说明年高一学生要学新教材据说明年高一学生要学新教材.2.事实是他们靠自己完成了所有的任务事实是他们靠自己完成了所有的任务.3.碰巧他们已经参加过军训了碰巧他们已经参加过军训了.4.众所周知众所周知,好的身体是第一财富好的身体是第一财富.It was a fact that they finished all the work by themselves.It happened that they had had their military training.It is well-known that good health is the first wealth.=What

12、 is well-known is that good health is the first wealth.5.我们应该养成好的学习习惯，这很重要我们应该养成好的学习习惯，这很重要.It is said that the senior students will learn the new textbook next year.It is important that we(should)form a good habit of studying.1.(2018天津卷)The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place

13、 in the bicycle race.2.(2017天津卷)She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library,and I admitted that I hadnt.3.(四川卷)Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.4.(山东卷)Weve offered her the job,but I dont know whether shell accept it.5.We were

14、surprised that he lost the game.在句子里担当宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句常位于及物动词、动词短语、介词、表语形容词之后。此类表语形容词有:afraid、pleased、happysatisfied anxious sure etcWe have made that a foreign language is useful weapon in the struggle of life clear.英语有句尾重心的原则I consider that we should learn English well necessary.宾语宾补consider、find、

15、think、feel、make、take等动词常带宾语补足语,这时要用形式宾语 it,宾语从句放到宾补之后We have made it clear that a foreign language is useful weapon in the struggle of lifeI consider it necessary that we should learn English wellit不能漏从句后移 用it 作形式宾语的常见结构：1.I just took that he would always be here for granted.I just _that he would al

16、ways be here.2.She has _everyone should write a composition.(讲清楚了讲清楚了)3.我们觉得互相帮助是我们的责任我们觉得互相帮助是我们的责任.We _we should help each other.4.如果你能考虑我的申请，我将感激不尽。如果你能考虑我的申请，我将感激不尽。Id _ if you could take my application into consideration.5.我确保你不在的时候好好照顾他。我确保你不在的时候好好照顾他。(see to)I shall _he is taken good care of

17、when you are absent.took it for granted made it clear that feel it our duty that see to it that appreciate it 在句子里担当表语的从句叫做表语从句，表语从句常位于系动词后面。1.Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.2.The question is whether we can finish the experiment by Friday.3.Wha

18、t John Snow was determined to find out was why the cholera outbreak was so severe.4.The exact places Snow marked on the map were where all the dead people had lived.that只起引导作只起引导作用，无意义，但用，无意义，但不省。不省。表语从句表语从句不用不用 if1.It seemed as if all the theories were useful.2.From space,the earth looks blue.This

19、is because about 70 percent of its surface is covered by water.3.That was how they won the match.4.This is why she got up so early this morning.这是因为这是因为这就是这就是的原因的原因这就是这就是的方法的方法 其他连接词引导的表语从句其他连接词引导的表语从句 This is because This is why This is how.1.He was absent from the meeting.Thats the fact.2.Is he a

20、student?Thats my question.3.When will we leave for the Island?Thats what I want to know.4.Whom must our education serve?Thats the most important.The fact is that he was absent from the meeting.My question is whether he is a student.从句一律陈述语序从句一律陈述语序 What I want to know is when well leave for the Isla

21、nd.The most important is whom our education must serve.标点符号What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world.I have no idea whether he agrees to the plan or not.I made a promise to myself that this year,my first year in high school,would

22、 be different.When the news came that the war broke out,he decided to serve in the army.在句子里担当同位语的从句叫做同位语从句，说明该名词的具体内容。Explain the nounExplain the noun分隔式同位语从句分隔式同位语从句分隔式同位语从句分隔式同位语从句被修饰词常有被修饰词常有:fact,news,hope,opinion,order,question,problem,belief,truth,theory,decision,discovery,conclusion,promise,

23、rumor,fear,thought,suggestion,plan,idea,information.1.We were excited at the news.Our football team had won a third match.We were excited at the news that our football team had won a third match.2.They have made a new plan.Another experiment building will be put up beside the library.They have made

24、a new plan that another experiment building will be put up beside the library.3.They had the question.Could he pass the final exam?They had the question whether he could pass the final exam.4.Who did the damaged computer belong to?No one had any idea.No one had any idea who the damaged computer belo

25、nged to.Group 1:The fact that the young man had been a prisoner astonished her.The fact that was unbelievable astonished her.Group 2:We were excited about the news(that)he had told us.We were excited about the news that he had passed the exam.Further thinking：同位语从句与定语从句区别：同位语从句与定语从句区别：11.定语从句对先行词起定语

26、从句对先行词起_的作用；的作用；同位语从句具体说明它同位语从句具体说明它_的作用。的作用。22.that在定语从句中在定语从句中_句子的成分句子的成分;that在同位语从句中在同位语从句中_成分，但成分，但_省略。省略。修饰限制修饰限制补充说明补充说明担任担任不担任不担任不可以不可以Whether he will help us tackle the problem is doubtful.使用名词性从句的注意事项使用名词性从句的注意事项：一、语序一、语序二、二、主谓一致主谓一致 When we shall have our sports meeting _ not been decided.

27、What astronauts need in the spaceship _oxygen.What the children in the area starve for _ books.hasisare Tip 2 Tip 2 主语从句要主语从句要用陈述句语用陈述句语序。序。Tip3:Tip3:单个从句做主语，谓单个从句做主语，谓语动词一般用语动词一般用单数单数。但。但whatwhat引导的主语从句作引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词应和主语时，谓语动词应和表语表语的的名词名词一致。一致。When they will start and where they will go _not bee

28、n decided yet.When and where the meeting will begin _not been decided yet.havehas .使用名词性从句的注意事项使用名词性从句的注意事项：Tip4:Tip4:由由andand连接两个连接两个或两个以上的主或两个以上的主语从句做主语，语从句做主语，谓语动词用复数谓语动词用复数。Tip4:Tip4:由两个或两个以由两个或两个以上连接词引导一上连接词引导一个主语从句，谓个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。语动词用单数。下列下列情况只能用情况只能用whether 1.Whether the meeting will be given

29、 is a problem.当主语从句位于句首时，只用当主语从句位于句首时，只用whether2.The problem is whether the meeting will be given.3.I have no idea whether the meeting will be given.引导表从，同位语从句时引导表从，同位语从句时4.It depends on whether she will come.介词后只用介词后只用whether;5.I dont know whether he is lying or not.“whether or not“三、三、whether/if 在

30、名词性从句中的区别在名词性从句中的区别用法用法 whether if引导不位于句首引导不位于句首的主语从句的主语从句引导位于句首的引导位于句首的主语从句主语从句引导表语从句、引导表语从句、同位语从句同位语从句作介词的宾语作介词的宾语直接与直接与or not 连用连用 Predicting the endingPredicting the endingwhether whether 与if if 引导名词性从句连接词连接词1.1.从属连词从属连词2.2.连接代词连接代词 3.3.连接副词连接副词Nounclause类型和功能类型和功能1.主语从句主语从句（主语）（主语）2.宾语从句宾语从句（宾语

31、）（宾语）3.表语从句表语从句（表语）（表语）4.同位语从句同位语从句（同位语）（同位语）注意事项注意事项1.陈述语序陈述语序2.主谓一致主谓一致3.whether/if 区别区别Definition:名词或名词短语可以在句中充当名词或名词短语可以在句中充当主语、表语、宾语、主语、表语、宾语、同位语同位语。当这些名词或名词短语由一个句子替代时，就是。当这些名词或名词短语由一个句子替代时，就是名词性从名词性从句句。名词性从句是在句子中起。名词性从句是在句子中起名词名词作用的句子。根据在句中不同的作用的句子。根据在句中不同的语法功能，可以分为语法功能，可以分为四类四类。1.2020.全国卷 Its

32、 been reported _76%employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.2.(2019全国卷)While they are rare north of 88，there is evidence _ they range all the way across the Arctic,and as far south as James Bay in Canada.3.(2018全国卷)Im not sure _ is more frightened,me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)tha

33、t suddenly appears out of nowhere.4.2020.江苏卷 It is not a problem _ we can win the battle;its just a matter of time.5.2019.全国卷 _ you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.6.(2020全国新高考I）Write a poem about _ courage,determination,and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.7.

34、(2020北京)So the next time I see that person I also see the name on his or her face,and that is _I never forget a name.thatwhetherWhathowthatwhowhy1._(据报道据报道)the murderer was shot to death on the scene.2.What doctors doubt is _(是否会苏醒是否会苏醒过来过来)from this serious disease or not.3._(袁隆平院士的去袁隆平院士的去世世)made

35、the whole country depressed.4.There is still a great chance_(我们能够弥补失去的时间我们能够弥补失去的时间).5.Some experts demanded strongly that children _（offer）for sleep and play.(给与给与足够的时间足够的时间)6.The reason why he has a heart attack is _ (一直工作一直工作)the whole day without a rest.It is reported thatThat Dr.Yuan Longping p

36、assed away whether he could recovershould be offered enough time that he has been working that we could make up for the lost time It was reported _ there was an accident at the corner of Roman Street this morning.No one saw _ on earth happened then.A car ran into a truck but fortunately,nobody got i

37、njured._ is responsible for the accident is still under investigation.The police are uncertain about _ the driver is guilty._the police should do now is _they must find out what led to the accident.They said it was difficult for them to judge because _ the accident happened was not clear.Perhaps the reason was _ the driver was too tired to stop the car in time.The driver didnt admit the fact _ he was driving too fast at the turning.The police doubted _ what he said was true and decided to make a further investigation.that what Who whether What that howthat that whether Thank you