状语从句课件.pptx

1、 Guessing games:1When it is heated,It ll turn into gas,what is it?2 If it is taken half,It will leave nothing,what number is it?3Though it is made of gold,It often live on the womans finger,what is it?What can you find?1 When it is heated,water turns into gas 2 If it is taken half,8 will leave nothi

2、ng 3 Though it is made of gold,rings often live on the womans finger状语从句状语从句Enjoy a storyWhat happened to the girl?故事欣赏：文章有多少种状语从句，分别属于哪一种？故事欣赏：文章有多少种状语从句，分别属于哪一种？My mother was cooking in the kitchen while1 I was doing my school assignments.As soon as2 I finished my homework,I went to get some water

3、 to drink.Then the door bell rang.However,my sister unlocked the door before3I could open it.We were surprised the moment4we saw her because5 her clothes and face were terribly dirty.She looked much poorer than6 we expected.Since7we didnt know what had happened to her,we stood there and waited for m

4、y sisters story.We wouldnt leave unless8my sister told us all about it.After9my sister got changed,she told us that she fell into a ditch when10she walked on a path on her way to my uncles home in the countryside.She couldnt get out of the ditch.Although11 she cried for help loudly,no one could hear

5、 her.She tried to climb out of it,but,however12 hard she tried,she failed to escape from it.As13time went by,she got worried.After several vain attempts she had to stand where14she was and waited until15a boy student passed by and gave her a hand.The boy reached her a long rope and told her to climb

6、 with the rope.She did as16 the boy told,so that17 she came out.My sister also warned us to be careful when18walking on a path even though/if19we are in a great hurry.Thats true.We should mind our step so that20we can ensure our safety.基础写作：用状语从句串编一则故事基础写作：用状语从句串编一则故事我妈妈在厨房做饭，而我在做作业。我一做完作我妈妈在厨房做饭，而我

7、在做作业。我一做完作业就去拿水喝，这时门铃响了。然而，我还没来业就去拿水喝，这时门铃响了。然而，我还没来得及打开门，我的妹妹就用钥匙打开了门。我们得及打开门，我的妹妹就用钥匙打开了门。我们看见她时，非常惊讶，因为她的衣服和脸非常脏。看见她时，非常惊讶，因为她的衣服和脸非常脏。她看起来比我们预期的更可怜。因为我们不知道她看起来比我们预期的更可怜。因为我们不知道发生了什么事，我们站在那，等着我妹妹的故事。发生了什么事，我们站在那，等着我妹妹的故事。除非我妹告诉我们关于这一切，否则我们是不会除非我妹告诉我们关于这一切，否则我们是不会离开的。我妹妹换了衣服之后，就把一切都告诉离开的。我妹妹换了衣服之后

8、，就把一切都告诉了我们。她去乡下的叔叔家的路上不小心掉进了了我们。她去乡下的叔叔家的路上不小心掉进了一个水沟里，而且上不来。一个水沟里，而且上不来。虽然她大声求救，但是没有人能听到。她试图虽然她大声求救，但是没有人能听到。她试图爬出来，但是无论她怎么努力，都没能爬出来。爬出来，但是无论她怎么努力，都没能爬出来。时间一分一秒过去，她开始担忧起来。几个徒时间一分一秒过去，她开始担忧起来。几个徒劳的尝试之后，她只好站在原处等直到一个男劳的尝试之后，她只好站在原处等直到一个男孩经过，帮助了她。男孩把一根长绳索递给她孩经过，帮助了她。男孩把一根长绳索递给她并叫她拉着绳子爬起来，她按男孩所说的去做，并叫她

9、拉着绳子爬起来，她按男孩所说的去做，结果就爬出来了。我妹妹也警告我们即使要赶结果就爬出来了。我妹妹也警告我们即使要赶时间，走小路时也要小心。确实这样，我们走时间，走小路时也要小心。确实这样，我们走路小心，这样就可以确保我们的安全。路小心，这样就可以确保我们的安全。状语时用来修饰状语时用来修饰 词词，词词，词词或或 的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。句。分类如下：分类如下：动动形容

10、形容副副句子句子 1)He knows how to learn English well.(副词副词well作状语，修饰动词作状语，修饰动词learn)2)My parents often tell us about their hard life in the past.(副词副词often作状语，作状语，修饰动词修饰动词tell)3)Her mother usually goes out to do some shopping on Sundays.(副词副词usually以及介词短语以及介词短语on Sundays作状语，作状语，修饰动词修饰动词goes)4)He will leave

11、 for Shanghai the day after tomorrow.(名词词组名词词组the day after tomorrow作状语，修饰动词作状语，修饰动词will leave)5)He came here to see you.(动词不定式动词不定式to see you作目的状语，作目的状语，6)He sat there reading a novel(现在分词现在分词短语短语reading a novel作状语修饰动词作状语修饰动词sat)7)If I have some free time,I will study German.(条件状语从句条件状语从句If I have

12、some free time作状语作状语)找出下列句中的状语找出下列句中的状语 There was a big smile on her face.Every night he heard the noise upstairs.He began to learn English when he was eleven.The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.With the medicine box under her arm,Miss Li hurried off.She loves the library because she lo

13、ves books.I am afraid that if youve lost it,you must pay for it.The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.状语状语从句从句1.时间时间状语从句状语从句2.地点地点状语从句状语从句3.原因原因状语从句状语从句4.条件条件状语从句状语从句5.让步让步状语从句状语从句6.目的目的状语从句状语从句7.结果结果状语从句状语从句8.方式方式状语从句状语从句9.比较比较状语从句状语从句引导词可分为两部分引导词可分为两部分 as while when whenever be

14、fore after until(till)since as soon asevery timenext timethe first/timethe momentthe minute/instantlyimmediatelydirectly(一一就就)as引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句,可以表达可以表达“正当正当”，“一一 边边一边一边”，“随着随着”等意思。等意思。1“正当正当”表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生=when。Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion.2.“一一 边边一边一边”表

15、示两个动作同时发表示两个动作同时发生。生。when Helen sang a song as she washed.3.表示表示“随着随着.”.常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，或一种状态随另一种状态变化。句中的动词多表示状态或一种状态随另一种状态变化。句中的动词多表示状态的发展变化。的发展变化。whenAs she grew older,she became more beautiful.1.as,while,when的区别的区别while+持续性动词持续性动词 进行时进行时e.g.I like listening to music while I am doi

16、ng my homework.e.g.Im going to the post office.-While you are there,can you get some stamps for me?e.g.I hurt my shoulder while I was doing gym.While I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend.(while=_)While I really dont like art,I find his work impressive.(while=_)He likes pop music

17、,while I am fond of folk music.(while=whenalthough butWhile 在句中的不同含义在句中的不同含义:when:持续性非持续性动词都可持续性非持续性动词都可当当时时正在正在忽然忽然be doing.when 正正.这时这时be about to do.when 正打算正打算.这时这时e.g.When I first saw her,I fell in love with her.-When did you get home?-It was eight oclock when I got home.1)They were walking dow

18、n the street when they saw an accident.2)I was about to go swimming when our guide stopped me.before引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 before引导的时间状语从句，常译为引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在在之前之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。We clean the classroom before we leave school every day.It will not be long before you regret for what y

19、ouve done.不久你就会为你的所作所为后悔的。不久你就会为你的所作所为后悔的。after引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 after引导的时间状语从句，常译为引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在在之后之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。After you use plastic bags,you mustnt throw them about.用过了塑料袋之后，不准到处乱扔。用过了塑料袋之后，不准到处乱扔。since引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 since引导的时间状语从句，常译为引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从自从”，主句常用现在完成时

20、，从句常用一般过去时。主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。We havent seen each other since we parted.常用句型：常用句型：It has been(is)+时间段时间段+since从句从句 “自从自从有多长时间了有多长时间了”例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。It has been(is)six years since she graduated from the university.注意 1 It is+一段时间一段时间

21、+since 从句从句“自从自从.有多有多久久”2 It was/will be+一段时间一段时间+before 从句从句“过了过了.才才”3 It was+时间点时间点+when 从句从句“在在时候时候”4 3 It was+时间段时间段+before 从句从句“过了过了.才才”1It is three years _ I graduated from high school 2It will be three years _ I graduated from high school 3 It was eight oclock _ I returned home 4 It was at ei

22、ght oclock _ I returned homesincebeforewhenthatuntil/till引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 until/till 引导的时间状语从句，常译为引导的时间状语从句，常译为“直到直到时时”，表示主句动作发生在从句之前。表示主句动作发生在从句之前。Ill stay here until you come back.He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework.变为倒装句变为倒装句：变为强调句型变为强调句型：Not until he finished his homework did he

23、go to bed It was not until he finished his homework that he went to bed as soon as引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，译为引导的时间状语从句，译为“一一就就”，表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。I will tell him about it as soon as he comes back.相当于相当于as soon as 用法的词或短语还有：用法的词或短

24、语还有：on doing sth immediately,directly,instantly,the moment,the minute,the instant等等.Ill give him your message the minute he arrives.Directly I had done it,I knew I had made a mistake.=on his arriving,Ill give him your message 其他连词其他连词引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句 no sooner than,hardly/scarcely/barelywhen引导引导时间

25、状语从句时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。当当no sooner,hardly/scarcely/barely位于句首时，主句要位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。用部分倒装。1 I had no sooner begun to talk than he rang off.=No sooner had I begun to talk than he rang off.2 He had hardly fallen into sleep when he went to bed=Hardly had he fallen into sleep when h

26、e went to bed 一、时间状语从句一、时间状语从句 在英语中，时间状语从句的连接词常常有：在英语中，时间状语从句的连接词常常有：when（当（当.的时候），的时候），whenever（每当（每当.），），as（当（当.时），时），since（自从（自从.），），until（直（直到到.，如果不，如果不.），），till（直到（直到.），），before（在（在.前），前），after（在（在.后），后），as soon as（一（一.就），就），once（一旦（一旦.），），the moment（一（一.就），就），immediately（一（一.就），就），the day（在（在.

27、那天），那天），no sooner.than（一（一.就），就），hardly(scarcely).when（一（一.就），就），the instant（一（一.就），就），instantly（一（一.就），就），directly（一（一.就），就），the minute（一（一.就），就），the second（一（一.就），就），every time（每（每当当.），），by the time（等到（等到.的时候）的时候）等。等。1It is three years _ I graduated from high school 2It will be three years _ I gra

28、duated from high school 3 It was eight oclock _ I returned home 4 It was at eight oclock _ I returned homesincebeforewhenthat练一练练一练 1.It was quiet _ those big trucks started coming through the town.A.before B.after C.until D.unless 2.It seemed only seconds _ the boy finished washing his face.A.when

29、B.before C.after D.even if 3.Hardly had he reached the school gate _ the bell rang.A.while B.when C.as D.as soon as 4.We were told that we should follow the main road _ we reached the central railway station.A.whenever B.until C.while D.wherever 5.I recognized you _ I saw you at the airport.A.the mo

30、ment B.while C.after D.once 6.He was about to go to bed _ the doorbell rang.A.while B.as C.before D.when 7._I listen to your advice,I get into trouble.A.Every time B.When C.While D.Until 8.It _ long before we _ the result of the experiment.A.will not be;will know B.is;will know C.will not be know D.

31、is;know 9.What was the party like?-Wonderful.Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much.A.after B.before C.when D.since .9Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?-Yes,I gave it to her _ I saw her.A.while B.the moment C.suddenly D.once 10.I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice

32、_ I picked up the phone.A.while B.after C.in case D.the minute11.How long do you think it will take _ our product becomes popular with the consumers A.when B.until C.before D.since12._ the day went on,the weather got worse.A.With B.since C.As D.While 13-Did you get home a little earlier yesterday?-N

33、o.It was six oclock _ we got home.Athat Bwhen Cbefore Dafter14 Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.(2004高考高考.福建卷福建卷)A.since B.after C.before D.when 15.It was some time _ we realized the truth.(2005山东卷山东卷)A.when B.until C.since D.before

34、16-Why didnt you tell him about the meeting?-He rushed out of the room _ I could say a word.(2006 四川四川)A.before B.until C.when D.after 17She thought I was talking about her daughter,_ ,in fact I was talking about my daughter.Awhom Bwhere Cwhich Dwhile 句子翻译 1我正在街上走着，这时忽然有人从后我正在街上走着，这时忽然有人从后面拍我的肩膀。（面拍

35、我的肩膀。（be doing.when)2我们刚到车站，火车就走了。I was walking along the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.No sooner had we got to the station than the train left.3自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了 4要过要过5到到6年他才意识到自己的错误年他才意识到自己的错误。It is six years since she graduated from the university

36、.It will be five or six years before he realizes his mistake 5我8点钟回家了It was eight oclock when I returned homeIt was at eight oclock that I returned home 6直到完成家庭作业他才睡觉He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework.Not until he finished his homework did he go to bed It was not until he finished his

37、 homework that he went to bed 地点状语从句用连接副词地点状语从句用连接副词 where或或wherever(在任何地方在任何地方)引导。引导。e.g.a.Just stay where you are.b.Where there is a will,there is a way.c.You can sit wherever you like.d.Wherever you go,Ill be right here waiting for you.1.When he reads a book,his habit is to make a mark _ the mean

38、ing is unclear to him.A.there B.wherever C.the place D.in which注意：不要和定语从句相混淆。注意：不要和定语从句相混淆。We shall go to the place where working conditions are difficult.(定语从句，有先行词定语从句，有先行词the place）We shall go where working conditions are difficult.（状语从句，无先行词（状语从句，无先行词the place）1Will you go _ our motherland needs

39、 us most after graduation?A.that B.where C.in which D.to the place which 2 She is so good at playing tabletennis that she can hit the ball _ she wants it to go.A.that B.where C.which D.when 3.After the war,a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre.A.that B.where C.which D.when

40、原因状语从句原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态所表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句发生的原因。引导这种从句 常用的连接词是：常用的连接词是：because,as,since,now that,for,和和considering that,seeing that 这七个连词都用于表示表示原这七个连词都用于表示表示原因因,但在语气上一个比一个弱。但在语气上一个比一个弱。e.g.He didnt come to school because he was ill.c.f.He might be ill,for he didnt come to school.表示表示“直接直接”

41、原因。原因。表示表示“间接的推断间接的推断”原因原因.不可出现在句首。不可出现在句首。because,since,as,for的区别的区别:because直接原因直接原因语气最强语气最强 回答回答why的问题。的问题。since “既然既然”表示对方已经知道，无需说表示对方已经知道，无需说明原因。通常放句首明原因。通常放句首as“由于由于”表示众所周知的原因，语气最表示众所周知的原因，语气最弱。弱。for“因为因为”放句中，引导后半句表原因放句中，引导后半句表原因,或或补充推断的理由。补充推断的理由。1 _ youve got a chance,you might as well make f

42、ull use of it.ANow that BAfter CAlthoughDAs soon as 2_ you are unable to answer,perhaps we should ask someone else.ASince BIf CWhen DThat 3Parents should take seriously their childrens requests for sunglasses _ eyes protection is necessary in sunny weather.A.because B.through C.unless D.if 4He cant

43、have gone out,_ the light is still on.A.because B.since C.as D.for 条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。中通常用一般现在时表示将来。条件状语从句由从属连词引导：条件状语从句由从属连词引导：if,unless (除除非非),as/so long as(只要只要),on condition(只要只要),once(一旦一旦),in case(假若假若),providing/provided

44、(that)只要只要 等等。e.g.a.Well come over to see you on Saturday if we have time.b.We should serve the people as/so long as we live.1.We will be able to get there on time,_ our car doesnt break down on the road.A.as soon as B.as far asC.as long as D.as well as2.In time of serious accidents,_ we know some b

45、asic things about first aid,we can save lives.A.whether B.untilC.if D.unless3._ you have tried it,you cant imagine how pleasant it is.A.Unless B.Because C.Although D.When 4.-How far apart do they live?-_ I know,they live in the same neighbourhood(居民区居民区).(2003上海上海)A.As long as B.As far as C.As well

46、as D.As often as 5The museum will have to be closed _ the government agrees to give extra money.Auntil Bif Cwhen Dunless 在复合句中表示让步概念的状语从句被称为让步状语在复合句中表示让步概念的状语从句被称为让步状语从句。常用引导词：从句。常用引导词：though,although,even if,even though,no matter+疑问词疑问词(what/who/where/when/which/how)疑问词疑问词-ever(whatever,whoever,whe

47、rever,whenever,however,whichever)特殊引导词：特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while(一般用在句首一般用在句首)，whether or,whether()or notthough,although 误误：Although he is rich,but he is not happy.正正：Although he is rich,yet he is not happy.正正：Although we have grown up,our parents still treat us as children.要点归纳要点

48、归纳：though,although当当“虽然虽然”讲讲,都不能和都不能和 but 连用连用.但是他们都可以同但是他们都可以同yet(still)连用连用.ever if,even thougheven if 和和 even though 表示表示“”即使即使Well make a trip even though the weather is bad.as引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句 as 引导的让步状语从句，必须将从句中的引导的让步状语从句，必须将从句中的 、以及谓语中的以及谓语中的 提前至从句句首，作表语的单数提前至从句句首，作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需可数名词前如有冠词，

49、冠词需 。表语表语状语状语实意动词实意动词省略省略Hard as he works,he makes little progress.Child as he was,he knew what was the right thing to do.Object as you may,Ill go.whether or,whether()or notwhether or,whether or not 表示表示“不论是否不论是否”，“不管是不管是还是还是”。其引导的从句旨在说明正反两。其引导的从句旨在说明正反两方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。Whethe

50、r you believe it or not,it is true.Youll have to attend the party whether you are free or busy.while 也可以引导让步状语从句，意为也可以引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管尽管”，语气比，语气比though/although弱。其引导的从句一般位于弱。其引导的从句一般位于 。句首句首例句：我尽管喜欢它的颜色，但不喜欢它的形状。例句：我尽管喜欢它的颜色，但不喜欢它的形状。While I like its color,I dont like its shape.no matter+疑问词疑问词 疑问词疑问词