医学授课模板：消毒手套的使用和说明PhysicalB课件.ppt

1、PART B PhysicalBarrier ProtectionPersonal Protective Equipment(PPE):isimportant and includes?Gloves?Masks?Eyewear?GownsGLOVESTypesClinical and Non-Clinical useTypes for clinical use?Sterile,single use for surgical procedures.?Non-sterile,single use;to protect the hands from contact with blood,saliva

2、 and body fluids.UseChange after each patient procedure OR during multiple procedures on same patient GlovesTypes for non-clinical useReusable:Latex Non-latex(Nitrile,Neoprene)UseWhilst reprocessing equipment and for housekeeping,cleaning chair,surfaces if contaminated by blood or body fluidSingle u

3、se Gloves?Examination gloves should be checked when donned?Changed when holed or torn?Hands must be washed or decontaminated when gloves removedSingle use GlovesSingle useLatex examination glovesAdvantages of Latex gloves:?Economical?Flexible and elastic,easy to don and remove?Can double glove if re

4、quiredSingle use Latex surgical gloves?Excellent quality control?Can be worn for long periods of time,60 minutes or more before glove integrity is potentially changedSingle use Non-latex examination glovesNitrile examination glovesIndications?Latex sensitivity for HCWs OR patient.Single use Non-late

5、x examination glovesNeoprene examination glovesIndications?Latex sensitivity for health care worker and patientSingle use Non latex surgical gloves-Neoprene glovesAdvantages?More elasticity than nitrile gloves?Excellent quality control?Easy to wear?Durable for long proceduresBut,more expensive than

6、nitrile gloves?Polyethylene“overgloves”MASKS?Surgical mask.?Particulate filter N95,for airborne diseases.A must?when a possibility of splashing or splattering of blood or other body fluids to the face.?Protection from Aerosol contamination.Masks?Masks should be used to reduce the amount ofdroplets t

7、hat will be inhaled during the operativeprocedure.?Masks should be replaced after each patient or atleast every 30 minutes after donning to ensure theprotectivemechanismofthemaskisnotcompromised.MASKS DOS&DONTSDO:?Fit and wear according to manufacturers instructions?Cover both the mouth and nose?Rem

8、ove ASAP if moist or soiled?Remove and discarded as soon as practicable after use DONT:?Touch the mask once on?Hang around neck EYE PROTECTION?Optically clear and anti-fog?Close fitting?Shielded at the sidesGOWNS AND PLASTIC APRONS?Impermeable,water repellent gowns and/or plastic aprons protect the

9、worker from contamination with blood and body substances.?Use for specific activity(do not leave on all day!).?Remove as soon as possible after contamination or use.?Bag for laundering or disposal.Principles of infection control:Standard PrecautionsBarrier Protection:Environmental barriers?Clinical

10、area should be clearly divided into clean,clerical and dirty areas.?Environmental barriers may be more effective than manual decontamination(cleaning)?Environmental barriers can save time by decreasing“change-over time”between patients.?Some viruses can survive in saline solution for as long as six

11、days Barriers on surfacesWhat can be caught from a surface?Head lice?Fungal organisms?SARS?MRSA methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureusWhen to use barriers on surfaces?Areas in the zone of contamination.?Difficult to clean areas.Plastic bagBarriers on surfaces?Difficult to clean areas?Spittoons

12、can be difficult to clean?Patients often miss the spittoon and spit on floor or surrounding environment,especially if numb?Young children find it difficult to rinse and spitBarriers on surfaces?Difficult to clean areas?Alternatives to a spittoon include:Denture cup A Funnel attached to the suction w

13、hereby the funnel can be removed after each patient,cleaned and sterilised No rinsing,lavage with triple syringe and remove water with suctionEnvironmental cleaning?Foot controls use limit contamination.?Floors should be easily washed and made of impermeable material.?Carpet should not be used in a treatment area.?Neutral detergent should be used for environmental cleaning;Doesnt smear Doesnt corrode equipment