《D培训教材》课件.ppt

1、Supplier Incoming Performance(1).8-D TrainingSupplier quality management Eight-Discipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving What is 8-D?什么是什么是 8-D？A systematic approach utilized for true root cause finding&problem solving&Preventive Actions.8-D 是一个用于探索原因、解决问题、防止再是一个用于探索原因、解决问题、防止再发的系统化方法。发的系统化方法。Eight-D

2、iscipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving 8-D 的特点的特点主要特点之一：主要特点之一：团队作战团队作战 由一组人来共同对一个问题进行研究，对问题分析更全面、由一组人来共同对一个问题进行研究，对问题分析更全面、更透彻，有利于找出根本原因，以彻底纠正永不再犯。更透彻，有利于找出根本原因，以彻底纠正永不再犯。主要特点之二：以事实为基础的问题解析技术主要特点之二：以事实为基础的问题解析技术 强调精确地陈述问题，并使用合理的思考与统计工具来详强调精确地陈述问题，并使用合理的思考与统计工具来详细的描述问题。分析测验一切可能原因，找出并验证真因。细的描述问题。分析测

3、验一切可能原因，找出并验证真因。主要特点之三：肯定贡献主要特点之三：肯定贡献 8D程序的第程序的第8D就是管理者要衷心肯定团队及个人的贡献，就是管理者要衷心肯定团队及个人的贡献，予以祝贺。这是使予以祝贺。这是使8D能持续开展的保证。能持续开展的保证。Eight-Discipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving Discipline 1.Use Team Approach组建团队组建团队Discipline 2.Describe The Problem问题描述问题描述Discipline 3.Immediate Corrective Actions应急对策（防堵措

4、施）应急对策（防堵措施）Discipline 4.Seek The Root Cause根本原因根本原因Discipline 5.Permanent Corrective Actions永久改善措施永久改善措施Discipline 6.Verification Of Effectiveness效果确认效果确认Discipline 7.Preventive Actions防止复发（标准化）防止复发（标准化）Discipline 8.Congratulate Your Team,Case Close祝贺团队结案祝贺团队结案Eight-Discipline-Team Oriented Problem

5、 Solving Eight-Discipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving Select a team champion(management members who will remove roadblocks of the team).选择团队决策支持人（决策支持人要能排除障碍）。选择团队决策支持人（决策支持人要能排除障碍）。Select a team leader(A member who directs efforts and takes responsibility for team).选择一个组长（组长代表小组向上级负责）。选择一个组长（组长代表

6、小组向上级负责）。Eight-Discipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving Discipline 2:Describe The Problem8-D 第二条：描述问题第二条：描述问题5W2HEight-Discipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving Discipline 2:Describe The Problem8-D 第二条：描述问题第二条：描述问题Who(Who(何人何人)：When(When(何时何时)WhereWhere（何处）（何处）WhatWhat（什么）（什么）WhyWhy（为何）（为何）HowHow（如何）

7、（如何）How Many?How Much?(How Many?How Much?(有多少有多少)Eight-Discipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving Discipline 3:Immediate Corrective Actions8-D 第三条：应急对策第三条：应急对策Define who,what,when&how you will capture and contain the defects now,and prevent them from getting the customer.指明紧急对策的人、事、时及方法，同时指明紧急对策的人、事、时

8、及方法，同时防止在客户端再防止在客户端再发生发生。Inducement of other types of defects.不可因而引起其他形式的不良。不可因而引起其他形式的不良。Eight-Discipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving Discipline 4:Seek The Root Cause8D-第四条第四条 根本原因根本原因Describe why the change in condition occurred,or identify the“Hole”in the system which allowed the pre-existing c

9、ondition to go undetected.描述为何发生，并指出该问题流出的原因。描述为何发生，并指出该问题流出的原因。Categorize the root causes,e.g.material,machine,Methods,Manpower,Maintenance,Environment.将根本原因按人、机、料、法、环（将根本原因按人、机、料、法、环（4M1E）进行分类。）进行分类。Eight-Discipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving Cause&Effect(Fishbone)diagrams#原因及效应分析图原因及效应分析图(鱼骨图鱼

10、骨图)Discipline 4:Seek The Root Cause8D-第四条第四条 根本原因根本原因Identify at least 3 major causes and give occurrence ratio for each priority.#锁定最少锁定最少3个主要原因及估计各项发生比率个主要原因及估计各项发生比率5 Why?#5个个为什么为什么?Cross check with existing PFMEA table if necessary.#如有需要，可使用过程失效及效应分析图复检如有需要，可使用过程失效及效应分析图复检Fish bone Diagram/Cause

11、 Effect Diagram鱼骨图/因果图 Eight-Discipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving 根由根由 Root Cause为什麽为什麽?为什麽为什麽?为什麽为什麽?为什麽为什麽?为什麽为什麽?答案：答案：真正原因真正原因十分接近真相的原因十分接近真相的原因表面原因表面原因看到的现象看到的现象The Five Why Method五个为什麽方法Eight-Discipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving Eight-Discipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving Eight-Disc

12、ipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving Discipline 5:Permanent Corrective Action8D-第五条：永久改善措施第五条：永久改善措施Describe who,what,when&how you will implement in material,manpower,methods,etc.To totally eliminate the root cause of the problem.描述排除不良根源的人、事、时以及如何使用这些资源。描述排除不良根源的人、事、时以及如何使用这些资源。Eight-Discipline-Tea

13、m Oriented Problem Solving Discipline 5:Permanent Corrective Action8D-第五条：永久改善措施第五条：永久改善措施Consider permanent C/A impact upon:永久改善对策应考虑到：永久改善对策应考虑到：Inducing other types of defects.不能引起其他不良；不能引起其他不良；Elimination of immediate corrective actions(i.e.if C/A plan works containment activities should no long

14、er be requires).可取代紧急对策（也就是说，永久改善对策落实后，则紧可取代紧急对策（也就是说，永久改善对策落实后，则紧急对策应该不再需要）。急对策应该不再需要）。Eight-Discipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving Discipline 6:Verify Of Effectiveness8D-第六条：效果确认第六条：效果确认Describe verification results in quantifiable terms.(E.g.:achieved CpK 1.5 or decreased defect occurrences to

15、zero,etc.)用量化指标来确认对策落实效果（例如从用量化指标来确认对策落实效果（例如从2700降低到降低到1200dppm）Continue immediate corrective actions until permanent corrective actions are verified as being effective.紧急对策不能停，直到永久改善措施被确认生效。紧急对策不能停，直到永久改善措施被确认生效。Eight-Discipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving Discipline 7:Prevent Recurrence8D-第七条：防

16、止复发第七条：防止复发Describe the internal and/or external cultural or systemic changes that must be made to prevent the problem from recurring;描述能预防问题再发生的内部及外部的文化、系统改善条描述能预防问题再发生的内部及外部的文化、系统改善条件件;The team champion is responsible for taking these recommendation back to management and driving implementation.决策

17、支持人负责将改进建议往上级呈报并推动落实。决策支持人负责将改进建议往上级呈报并推动落实。Eight-Discipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving Discipline 8:Congratulate To Your Team,Case Close8D-第八条：祝贺结案第八条：祝贺结案Champion and team leader recognizes team members for their role in solving the problem.决策支持人和组长肯定小组成员对解决问题的贡决策支持人和组长肯定小组成员对解决问题的贡献。献。Eight-Discipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving 案例介绍赏析案例介绍赏析Eight-Discipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving 形象教材赏析形象教材赏析Eight-Discipline-Team Oriented Problem Solving Thank You Very Much!谢谢大家！谢谢大家！