《研究生学术英语读译教程》课件Unit 5 Triple Package of Personality Traits.pptx

1、Tiger mother:Amy ChuaThis bestselling parenting memoir generates a lot of publicity.An article published under the headline Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior in The Wall Street Journal on January 8,2011,contained excerpts from her book,in which Chua describes her efforts to give her children what she

2、 describes as a traditional,strict Chinese upbringing.In fact,it is a misunderstanding that Chua was advocating the superiority of a particular,very strict,ethnically defined approach to parenting.In any case,Chua defines Chinese mother loosely to include parents of other ethnicities who practice tr

3、aditional,strict child-rearing,while also acknowledging that Western parents come in all varieties,and not all ethnically Chinese parents practice strict child-rearing.In her book,Chua reported that in one study of 48 Chinese immigrant mothers,the vast majority said that they believe their children

4、can be the best students,that academic achievement reflects successful parenting,and that if children did not excel at school then there was a problem and parents were not doing their job.Chua contrasts them with the view she labels Western that a childs self-esteem is paramount.Tough-love/Authorita

5、rian Parenting&Helicopter Parents in the WestHelicopter parents pay extremely close attention to their childs or childrens experiences and problems,particularly at educational institutions.They rush to prevent any harm or failure from befalling them and will not let them learn from their own mistake

6、s,sometimes even contrary to the childrens wishes.They are so named because,like helicopters,they hover closely overhead,rarely out of reach,whether their children need them or not.Discussion&Search readingn Discuss in pairs:1.Do you think tough-love parenting is linked to ones academic success?2.Wh

7、at factors can explain ones success?n Chance n?n Skim the text to find out about the author Grewals opinion.Search ReadingExamine the title closely and then quickly go through the text for relevant information.Finish Exercise II.DrillRead and Summarize Key features of a summaryIt is shorter than the

8、 source.It repeats the ideas of the source in different phrases and sentences.Tips&Tricks:Guidelines for SummarizingTry creating two columns on a piece of paper:one for important information,and one for trivial information.Organize your thoughts on this page,and try to only include important informa

9、tion in your summary.The best summaries are usually only a paragraph long,clear and to the point.Summary FormatuA summary essay should be organized so that others can understand the source or evaluate your comprehension of it.a)The introduction(usually one paragraph)a)Contains a one-sentence thesis

10、statement that sums up the main point of the source.b)Also introduces the text(title,author,etc.)c)The article written by whom is concerned with what.b)The body(one or more paragraphs)a)Includes important points.b)Includes one or more key examples or illustrations.c)Do not include your own ideas.c)T

11、here is customarily no conclusion.a)Do not add your own concluding paragraph.ChecklistIs it clear what is being summarized?Is the thesis of the original essay clear in the summary?If you have read the original source,did you identify the same thesis?Is any key point missing?Is there any of the summa

12、rizers own opinions?Is there any unimportant details?Is there any point in the summary where you are lost because a transition is missing?Lets read the text,take notes and evaluate summaries.(Exercise V.)Summary IntroThe article written by whom is concerned with what.In“”,who(the author)does what.Su

13、mmary IntroThe article written by whom is concerned with what.In“”,who(the author)does what.In“”,D.G.explains/discusses/introducesAmy Chuas triple package thesis/hypothesisHow it is refuted by science/two scholars Paragraphs 1-3Key points DetailsParagraphs 1-3Key points (whose)claim in Battle Hymn o

14、f the Tiger Mother(whose)claim in The Triple Package:How Three Unlikely Traits Explain the Rise and Fall of Cultural Groups in America Harsh opposition against what.Details Value anecdotes.Examples of their theory at work.Paragraphs 1-3Example WorkChua,the author of the book Battle of Hymn of the Ti

15、ger Mother,asserts that her parenting ways were not only representative of Chinese immigrants,but gave a reason why Chinese Americans,on average,have been better at study than other ethnic groups.Three years later,she and her husband,Ted Rubenfeld,wrote a book that makes even bolder assertions about

16、 how cultural diversity interpret group disparity in success.According to the book,people who belong to cultures that give a special importance to“three traits”are likely to be successful.Their opinion was met with fierce opposition,especially from Asian Americans,who criticize their disregard of th

17、e great variety among the Asian American population as well as the challenges faced by lots of people among that group.Paragraphs 1-3Sample WorkAmy Chua generated lots of publicity when she published her book Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother,a memoir documenting her tough-love parenting style,which s

18、he claimed can explain why Chinese Americans on average have educationally outperformed other ethnic groups.Later in their new book the triple package,Chua and her husband J.R.put forward the“triple package”hypothesis claiming that a unique combination of three personality traits()are key to success

19、 and that one tends to do better if he belongs to cultures emphasizing these three traits just as the“model minority”does.The harsh opposition claimed that the model minority stereotype ignores the vast diversity within the Asian American group and the challenges faced by them.Paragraphs 4-7Key poin

20、ts DetailsParagraphs 4-7Key points Praise for what.J.H.&C.C.s research focus and methodology.Details What traits.Past research.Paragraphs 4-7Example WorkThe book received praise from critics because they propose that a specific combination of psychological traits can explain success,and people from

21、certain groups are more likely to possess them.The researchers deliberately chose to study a sample of representative Americans since this would offer a stronger test of the theory.The triple packages first trait is a belief in the superiority of ones own group.The second trait is measuring insecuri

22、ty that can take many forms including low self-esteem,feelings of danger,or fear of losing what one already has,by using multiple scales.They identified three factors of insecurity:personal insecurity,contingent self-worth,and family insecurity.The third trait is“control”used scales of impulsiveness

23、,conscientiousness,and grit.The researchers also measured cognitive abilities and show that general cognitive abilities are one of the strongest predictors of achievement and success.Finally,to measure life success,participants report on their annual income,level of education,and honors and awards t

24、hey have received.All of these measures of success were combined to create a single,combined“success”variable.Paragraphs 4-7Sample WorkThe book also received praise because some critics thought it touched upon an important question:why do some groups in America,on average,tend to be more successful

25、than others?Since the triple package hypothesis seems psychological rather than cultural,two psychologists J.H.&C.C.at Union College decided to empirically test it,using two studies with a combined online sample of over 1200 American adults of various ethnic backgrounds.They came up with different w

26、ays to measure the three traits.The first trait was measured with a how-much-the-participants-agree-with-statements scale.The second trait was measured using multiple scales.And the third trait was measured using scales of impulsiveness,conscientiousness,and grit.Whats more,the participants cognitiv

27、e abilities were measured though vocabulary and mathematical reasoning tests.And their life success was measured with their own report on their annual income,level of education,and honors and awards received.All of these measures of success were combined into a single,combined“success”variable.Parag

28、raphs 8-10Key points DetailsParagraphs 8-10Key points J.H.&C.C.s research findings.Main finding Isolated findings why triple package theory seems compelling.What best explains success.Details Explanations on the findings.Paragraphs 8-10Example WorkThe research results of Hart and Chabris did not sup

29、port Chua and Rubenfelds theory in that there are positive correlations between self-reported success and cognitive ability,parental education,personal security and that there is not consistent relationship between the unique combination of the three traits(group superiority,personal insecurity,and

30、impulse control)and greater success.However,they have something in commonthere are positive correlations between self-reported success and contingent self-worth,between feelings of group superiority and attaining a higher income.From the opinions of Hart and Chabris,some factors(such as smart,consci

31、entious,stable environment)overlooked by theory,can better explain ones success than other factors(such as ones hard work and personal qualities).Thus,the Chua and Rubenfelds theory cant explain the success of certain groups.Paragraphs 8-10Sample WorkUpon regression analysis,J.H.&C.C.did not find an

32、y consistent evidence for the triple package hypothesis.It is true that there are certain individual findings that did support elements of the triple package,including:people with high contingent self-worth and they feelings of group superiority.However,the main findings show that the biggest predic

33、tors of success were cognitive ability and parental education and greater personal insecurity was related to less success in life.The triple package hypothesis,though seems appealing,cannot explain success.The factors can include being smart,being conscientious and being born into a well-off family.

34、Translation PracticeThe idea of a“triple package”may seem compelling because it seems to fit with our own personal observations and common stereotypes about immigrants.In addition,the theory meshes well with the belief that success depends on ones hard work and personal qualities,rather than ones ci

35、rcumstances.But,as best we know,success is best explained by such unsurprising factors as being smart,being conscientious,and having the good fortune of growing up in a financially stable environment.Reminder:ABCs of translation.Attention to contextBackground knowledgeCorrect DictionThe purpose is t

36、o gain comprehension and to guess word meanings within the context.Translation PracticeThe idea of a“triple package”may seem because it seems to fit with our own personal observations and common stereotypes about immigrants.In addition,the theory meshes well with the belief that success depends on ones hard work and personal qualities,rather than ones circumstances.But,as best we know,success is best explained by such unsurprising factors as being smart,being conscientious,and having the good fortune of growing up in a financially stable environment.Feedback