2019版高考英语一轮复习 第一编 教材回眸 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions讲义 新人教版选修8.doc

1、【 精品教育资源文库 】 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 【题目优选】 学校校报征集英语稿件，要求以 “My favourite invention” 为标题，描述你最喜欢的一种发明。在所有的现代发明中，你最喜欢笔记本电脑 (laptop)，因为它重量轻，体积小，容易携带，随处可用，学习娱乐均可。请根据以上内容写出征文。 【经典范文】 My favourite invention With the development of science and technology, many new inventions make our daily life eas

2、ier and more convenient. Among all the inventions, I like the laptop best. Ithink it is the most amazing invention in the 20th century. Laptops are light and small, making them easy to carry.With a laptop, we can work, study and entertain ourselves anywhere we like. A laptop can access the Internet,

3、 which enables us to get the latest information whenever we want. Using a laptop, I can keep in touch with my friends and family through e mails and QQ at any time and in any place. I think in the future, everybody will have his or her own laptop. 【名师点拨】 文章运用了多样化的短语及句式结构。如： keep in touch with (和 ? 保

4、持联系 )；at any time (在任何时候 )以及介词短语作状语： With the development of science and technology; 宾语从句： it is the most amazing invention in the 20th century；定语从句： which enables us to get the latest information whenever we want；现在分词短语作状语： Using a laptop 等。 1核心单词 (1)distinguish (vi. that 联想积累 1 seem 句式小结 主语 seem a

5、dj. 似乎 ? 主语 seem to be adj./n. 好像 ? It seems that 从句 看起来 ? 主语 seems like/as if/as though 从句 似乎 ? seem to do/to have done/to be doing sth. 好像要做 /已做完了 /正在做某事 there seems to be 看来有 /似乎有 ? 2一种特殊的强调句式 not until 强调句型的句式结构为： It is/was not until . that其他，意为“ 直到 ? 才 ?” 。 在 not . until . 强调句结构中，只用 until，不用 ti

6、ll。但如果不是用在强调句型中， till 与 until 可 通用。另外主句中的否定词 not 要提出来，放在 until 之前一起强调，因此 that 后面的从句要用肯定句，不能再用否定句。 not until 位于句首时，主句要用倒装语序，构成 “not until 从句助动词 /系动词/情态动词主语谓语 ?” 结构。 【 精品教育资源文库 】 单词点津 distinguish vi. & vt.显示 ? 的差别；使 ? 有所不同；辨认；辨别 教材原句 Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing somethi

7、ng merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them. 这回我有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以捉住蛇又不会伤害它们。 (1)distinguish between A and B 区分 A 和 B distinguish . from . 把 ? 与 ? 区分开来 distinguish oneself (as .)(作为 ?) 而出名 (2)distinguished adj. 卓越的；著名的；杰出的 be distinguished for . 因 ? 而出名 be distinguished as . 作为 ?

8、而出名 【即景活用】 (1)单句语法填空 Reading good books can not only enrich our minds but also teach us to distinguish _ right and wrong. Its important to distinguish reality _dreams. 答案： between from (2)完成句子 Over the next few years he _a leading scholar. 在接下来的几年里，他作为一名最杰出的学者而声名远扬。 答案： distinguished himself as/was

9、distinguished as caution n. 小心；谨慎 教材原句 This time with great caution I bent down to examine the snakes and I found them very sleepy. 这次我非常谨慎地弯腰去检查那些蛇，发现它们很困。 (1)with caution 小心地 (2)cautious adj. 小心的；谨慎的 be cautious about/of . 对 ? 小心谨慎 be cautious to do sth. 做某事小心谨慎 (3)cautiously adv. 小心谨慎地 【即景活用】 单句语

10、法填空 The girls were afraid of snakes and picked their way along _ extreme 【 精品教育资源文库 】 caution. He always puts forward unusual plans. So be cautious _ them before you decide to join in. She looked _(cautious) around and then walked away from the house. 答案： with about/of cautiously bear vt. 忍受；忍耐；负担

11、；带有；显示 (标记或特征 )；生 (孩子 ) 教材原句 I cant bear the smell of burnt sausage on the barbecue. 我无法忍受烧烤架上香肠的焦糊味。 (1)bear/stand doing/to do sth. 忍受做某事 put up with sth. 容忍某事 (2)bear/keep sth. in mind 记住某事 bear in mind that . 记住 ? bear a heavy burden 肩负重担 bear responsibility 承担责任 【即景活用】 (1)单句语法填空 Always bear in m

12、ind _your determination is more important than anything. 答案： that (2)写出下列句子中 bear 的含义 Why do I have to bear all the costs of repair？ _ He cant bear being laughed at in public._ She did bear a healthy baby in hospital yesterday._ Some of the newly planted apple trees have also begun to bear._ 答案： 负担；

13、承担 忍受 生育 结出果实 associate vt. 联想；联系 n. 同伴；伙伴 教材原句 Although he is most often associated with the invention of the telephone, he was indeed a continuing searcher after practical solutions to improve the quality of everybodys life. 虽然人们常把他与电话的发明联系在一起，但是他的确是一位永不停息的探索家，不断寻求着改善人们生活质量的途径。 (1)associate . with

14、 . 使 ? 与 ? 联系起来 associate with sb. 与某人交往 /联系 be associated with 与 ? 有关 (2)association n. 联合；联想；交往；协会；社团 in association with 与 ? 联合 /有关联 【即景活用】 (1)单句语法填空 【 精品教育资源文库 】 I dont like you _(associate) with those people. Readers will associate themselves closely _what happens in the news stories. 答案： asso

15、ciating with (2)完成句子 It is very important _those who have a positive effect on you. 和对你有积极影响的人接触非常重要。 We are working _a local company to raise money for the homeless. 我们和当地一家公司合作为无家可归者筹款。 答案： to associate with in association with 短语点拨 call up 给 ? 打电话；使 ? 回忆起 教材原句 When I called up my mother in the co

16、untryside on the telephone she was very upset. 我给住在乡下的母亲打电话时，她感到很心烦。 (1)call at 拜访 (某个地点 ) call off 取消；停止 call on/upon 拜访 (某人 )；号召 call for 呼吁；要求；需要；去接 (某人 ) call out 大声地说出；命令某人出动 call in 召集；召来 (2)ring/call back 回复电话 ring off/hang up 挂断电话 give sb. a ring/call 给某人打电话 (3)hang/hold on 不挂断电话 【即景活用】 (1)单

17、句语法填空 The radio station had an open line on which listeners could _ (call) up to discuss various issues. 答案： call (2)完成句子 The picture _memories of her childhood. 这张照片唤起了她童年的记忆。 The meeting was _because of the bad weather. 会议因恶劣的天气而被取消了。 答案： calls up/called up called off 【 精品教育资源文库 】 set about 开始；着手

18、 教材原句 I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them. 我着手研究蛇的习性，以便能找到最容易的方法捉住它们。 set about sth./doing sth. set out to do sth. 开始 /着手做某事set out 出发，起程set off 出发，动身；使爆炸set aside 留出；对 ? 不予以考虑set down 记下，写下set up 建立，开办；开业；树立；造成，产生【即景活用】 (1)单句语法填空 That evening he set abo

19、ut _ _(write) a report on population. The sooner we set _it, the sooner well finish it. 答案： writing about (2)完成句子 Time was pressing and hardly had he arrived in his lab when he _the experiment. 时间紧迫，他一到达实验室就开始做实验。 答案： set about doing/set out to do get through 设法联系上 (尤指打通电话 )； (设法 )做完；通过 教材原句 I cant get through. 我接不通电话。 (1)get (sth.) across (to sb.)(使某事 )传播或为 (某人 )理解 get along with sb.与某人相处融洽；进展 get away with sth.携某物潜逃；不因某事受惩罚 get down to sth./doing sth. 开始做某事；认真处理某事 get over 克服 (困难 )；从 ? 中恢复过 来 (2)go through 经历；检查 look through 浏览；仔细查看 live through 活过 ? ；经过 ? 之后仍然活着 【即景活用