1、满分写作技巧-句式句式高大上我们来看下面这个句子的翻译:越来越多的人开始骑自行车。学沫版:More and more people begin to ride bikes.学渣版:An increasing number of people begin to cycle.伪学霸:Cycling attracts more and more people.学霸版:Cycling is now adding its appeal for many citizens.学神版:Cycling gains its popularity.不同级别的同学对这个句子的不同表达,其实无形中就奠定了你的作文分数。
2、那么要如何写出精彩的句子,进而写出一篇优秀作文呢?首先,我们要先弄清英语的基本句式,然后在其基础上进行优化,具体是如何做呢?赶紧看看下面的方法吧!如何如何两步弄清英语句式?两步弄清英语句式?英语句式英语句式组成组成成分成分构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分,包括句子成分,包括主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、同位语那么,这些成分的含义是什么呢?哪些词性的词可以充当呢?别急,我们一个个看。1.句子说明的人或事物为主语主语,通常由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词或从句担任。The youngshouldrespecttheold.(名词化的形容词作主语)2.谓语谓语说明主
3、语的动作、状态和特征。由动词担任。The workwill be donebefore twoclock.(由情态动词或助动词+动词/动词词组组成句子谓语)3.放在系动词后的成分叫做表语表语,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。通常由名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句等担任。That remainsapuzzle.(名词作表语)英语句式组成成分英语句式组成成分4.宾语宾语是动作的对象或承受者及物动词或介词的宾语。通常由名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句等担任。She didnt sayanything.(代词作宾语)5.有些及
4、物动词除了有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补足语宾语补足语,说明宾语的身份和状态以补充其意义不足,使句子的意义完整。通常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词等担任。宾语和宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。She asked metolendherahand.(带to不定式作宾补)6.定语定语是修饰或限制名词或代词的部分。通常由名词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词、从句等担任。There is asleepingbaby in bed.(现在分词作定语)英语句式组成成分英语句式组成成分7.状语状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。通常由
5、介词短语、动词不定式、从句等担任。He studies hardto learn English well.(动词不定式作目的状语)8.一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰,限定或说明,这个名词就是同同位语位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致,并常紧挨在一起。通常由名词、代词、数词、从句等担任。WeChinese peopleare brave and hardworking.(名词作同位语)句式基本基本类型类型-主谓主谓1.主语主语+谓语谓语 句式须知句式须知在这种结构中,谓语一般由不及物动词或不及物动词词组充当。例句如下:Mrs.Black and her children t
6、alked and laughed.布莱克夫人与和她的孩子们有说有笑。句式基本类型基本类型-主系表主系表2.主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语 句式须知句式须知主系表结构的关键在于系动词。换句话说,有系动词就有主系表!常见的系动词有:表示存在的系动词:be,prove;表保持的系动词:remain,keep,stay,stand;表变化的系动词:become,get,grow,turn,go,come,fall;表感官的系动词:seem,appear,look,sound,smell,taste,feel等。例句如下:The citys walls remain as good as befor
7、e.这座城的城墙保存完好。句式基本类型基本类型-主谓主谓宾宾3.主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语 句式须知句式须知这种结构中,谓语动词一般由及物动词或及物动词词组充当。例句如下:They are talking about a maths problem.他们在讨论一个数学问题。句式基本类型基本类型-主谓间宾直宾主谓间宾直宾4.主语主语+谓语谓语+间宾间宾+直宾直宾 句式须知句式须知直接宾语和间接宾语合称为双宾语。一般间接宾语为人,直接宾语为物。常见的能够带双宾语的动词有:award,bring,hand,lend,mail,offer,owe,pass,pay,post,read,return,
8、send,sell,buy,show,teach,tell,throw,write等。例句如下:He offered me some coffee.=He offered some coffee to me.他给我冲了杯咖啡。句式基本类型基本类型-主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补5.主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾补宾补 句式须知句式须知宾语和宾语补足语合称为复合宾语。常见的带复合宾语结构的及物动词有:find,get,have,hear,imagine,keep,make,notice,see,let,smell,watch,allow,appoint,ask,believe,call,catch,ca
9、use,consider,elect,expect,feel,force,know,tell,want,wish等。例句如下:I saw them crossing the street.我看到他们正在穿过马路。满分写作技巧优化升级句型方向一:越长越好方向一:越长越好首先,咱们写句子的时候,要越长越好!高中生了,不要总是:I am fine.I like it.I will go.之类的简单句,可以用,但千万不要全篇都是如此,极易踩雷!咱们要在保证正确的基础上,试着把两个或者三个、四个简单句写成一个长句子,越长越好!那么该怎么做呢?高中阶段,三大复合句,是你的首选!1.定语从句,用起来!定语从
10、句,用起来!The air is seriously polluted.People breathe the air will easily get ill.People breathe the air which/that is seriously polluted will easily get ill.She is in a hopeless situation.We will keep a very close eye on her.She is in a hopeless situation,where/in which we will keep a very close eye o
11、n her.2.名词性从句,用起来!名词性从句,用起来!We cooperate well with one another andwe will succeed,or we failed.Whether we succeed or not mostly depends uponhowwell we can cooperate with one another.English is important.It is an undoubted fact.That English is important is an undoubted fact.3.状语从句,用起来!状语从句,用起来!I will
12、 lend you the book.you return it on Monday.I will lend you the book on condition that you return it on Monday.It isfine weather.We all want to go to the park.It issuchfine weatherthatwe all want to go to the park.方向二:方向二:越怪越好越怪越好写作文,句子越怪越好!大家注意了,这里说的怪,绝不是那种“随性洒脱”毫无章法的句子。这里的“怪”指的是区别于我们常见的基本句型和常规复合句,在
13、呈现形式上一反常态,给人一种很怪,但是又有语法规则依据的句子,让人一看到有种不明觉历的感觉!那么英语中,有哪些“怪”句子适合用于写作中拿分呢?我们一起来看一下吧!1.部分倒装部分倒装I have seldom met such a determined personin all my life.Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined person.The bell hardly had rung when the class began.Hardly had the bell rung when the class began.2.
14、全部倒装全部倒装A pine tree stands on the top of the hill.On the top of the hill stands a pine tree.Then the day of his examinationcame.Then came the day of his examination.3.强调句强调句He likes it very much.He does like it!The small house was built with stonebyhis father and hespent his childhood there.It was i
15、n the small house which was built with stones by his father that he spent his childhood.满分写作技巧-句式避免常见错误句子残缺句子残缺()If no self-confidence,all our dreams will merely be daydreams.()If we had no self-confidence,all our dreams would merely be daydreams.()When seenfrom the top of the mountain,the city look
16、s so beautiful.解析:每一个主句都有主语和谓语(祈使句属于例外),每一个从句也有其主语和谓语。要写出正确的句子,就要有应有的句子成分,第一个句子缺少主谓,故是错误的。但是要注意,第三句中,后面是过去分词,此时可以同时省略主语和be,句子正确。即-ed分词和-ing分词充当状语时,可以直接跟在连词后面,不属于残缺的句子。从句口语化从句口语化()Secondly,you should join in discussions and slow your interest in others ideas.If you do this,you can get to know differe
17、nt people and let them see you are easy-going.()Secondly,you should join in discussions and show your interest in others ideasin order thatyou can get to know different people and let them see you are easy-going.解析:写作时所写的英语是书面语,要避免使用 if you do so,because of this,although you did that这种比较口语化的句子。表面看来,
18、带有if you do this之类的句子不是错误,但会使阅卷人认为作者的英语表述不够地道。若用适当的连词将两个句子连接起来,便实现了句式的华丽变身,形成作文中的亮点。误将误将with用作从属连词用作从属连词()With time goes by,we are growing taller and taller and we must learn to be able persons.()As time goes by,we are growing taller and taller and we must learn to be able persons.解析:表示“随着”时,with是介词
19、,后接复合宾语,即动词的相应形式。as是从属连词,引导状语从句。所以,上例第一句可更正为:With time going by,we are growing taller and taller and we must learn to be able persons.误用误用because构成独立句式构成独立句式()Ifyou want to make friends with others,soyou should remember others names.()Ifyou want to make friends with others,you should remember others
20、 names.解析:受中文思维的影响,学生写作时,很容易就会在含有because,if 的状语从句中误加连词so,或在含though,although的句子中误加连词but。因为汉语连词常常成对出现,例如:如果就,因为所以,虽然但是。但英语却不一样,除了not onlybut also,eitheror,neithernor.等成对出现外,if、because、since、though、although 等都只能独立引导状语从句,后面无需再加连词。但yet,still,already可以用在含though,although的句子中。如:Thoughshe was busy with her w
21、ork,yetshe managed to find time to stay with her family.虽然她忙于工作,但她还是挤出时间与家人在一起。混淆并列句与从句混淆并列句与从句()Please dont throw litter everywhere,thatwill make our environment dirty.()Please dont throw litter everywhere,whichwill make our environment dirty.解析:学生写作时,误以为逗号能连接两个并列句,并在后句用代词that代指前文内容。这种写法是错误的。如上面第一个
22、句子,其实是非限制性定语从句,修饰前面一整句话,根据定语从句的基本用法可知,不能用that。两个并列句之间要么用分号隔开,要么用and等来连接。所以,上例还可更正为:()Please dont throw litter everywhere;that will make our environment dirty.()Please dont throw litter everywhere,and that will make our environment dirty.定语从句叠加错误定语从句叠加错误()We need to work hard to increase our math sco
23、res,which playsan important role in the college entrance examination,without whichwe cant go to a key university.()We need to work hard to increase our math scores,which playsan important role in the college entrance examination,in order that/so thatwe can go to akey university.解析:原则上一个先行词之后只接一个非限制性
24、定语从句,关系紧密的对比性定语从句例外。尽管在先行词和定语从句之间可以有一个如介词短语之类的插入语,而构成分隔定语从句,如 Now children like to go to the fast food restaurant,as the name says,whereeating doesnt take much time.但是不能无限制地叠加定语从句,致使后面定语从句与先行词相隔太远导致句子结构紊乱。为了避免这类错误,最好将后一个定语从句调整成一个状语从句或一个独立的句子。误用关系词误用关系词()There are 45 minutes in a lesson,which some of
25、 the timethe teacher speaks and some of the time we discuss.()There are 45 minutes in a lesson,some of whichthe teacher speaks and some of which we discuss.解析:定语从句的关系词既能引导定语从句,又在定语从句中充当一定的成分,所以在定语从句中不能重复出现引导词所代替的内容。此时,可以直接用不定代词+of+which的结构。例句如:They produced two reports,neither of which contained any
26、 useful suggestions.误用从属连词误用从属连词()We should finish much homework,in casewe canrememberthe new knowledge.()We should finish much homework,in order thatwe can remember the new knowledge.()We should finish much homework,in case we forgetthe new knowledge.解析:in case引导目的状语从句或条件状语从句,意思是“万一”。上面第一个例句,句子含义为“
27、我们应当完成很多作业,万一我们会记住新知识”句意不当,故学生在使用的时候,要注意理清句子含义,第一个例句想要表达的应该是我们应该多做作业,才能记住新知识或者多做作业以免忘记新知识。故以上第二和第三个例句才是正确的使用方式。长句训练长句训练1.人们都相信,随着科技的进步,在月球上生活将不是一个梦.(同位语从句)2.无论你喜欢哪一个,总会有适合你的主题公园。(用让步状语从句).3.封面是绿色的那本杂志属于我。(whose)4.他哥哥12岁前就已经被送到了美国.(by the time)5.我对这个我已经住了8年的城市很熟悉.(介词+which/whom 引导的定语从句)1.答案People bel
28、ieve in the idea that with the development of technology,it will not be a dream to live on the moon.2.答案Whichever or whatever you like,there is a theme park for you.3.答案The magazine whose cover is green belongs to me.4.答案By the time he was twelve,his brother had been sent to America.5。答案I am familia
29、r with the city in which I have lived for eight years.1.话题要一致或相关。仿写有时会和续写相结合,在仿写时我们要注意话题或中心的一致性,使前后语意连贯。2从分析情节入手,把握人物的性格特征从整体到部分,只有了解了故事的全貌,才能更好地把握人物的性格,因为人物的性格是通过完整的故事情节,在矛盾的冲突中展现出来的。3.从分析环境入手,探究人物命运及其思想性格之所以如此的社会原因首先,人物的成长变化、人物性格的形成与社会环境有着密不可分的关系。4.赏析主要人物形象的作用,主要是赏析人物形象的社会意义首先要结合情节分析人物形象的典型性,然后结合社
30、会现实分析人物形象折射的社会现象及给人带来的某种启示。5.根据材料一中孩子们的自述,可见他们偏爱自然界中的某一方面,没有接受完整的自然教育,他们在自然界的行为比较自我随性,可能会妨害生物。6.这部带有自传色彩的长篇小说以“我”的经历和视角来安排结构和故事情节。通过“我”的人生经历和感情遭遇来展示人物性格的发展。它既有利于直接展示人物的内心世界,也在无形中拉近了作品和读者之间的心理距离,易于取得感人的艺术效果。7.散步是一篇叙事抒情的散文。本文从一件小事入手,表达了深刻的内涵。这种以小见大的写法给读者留出了想象空间,同时也充分地表达了主题思想。日常生活中,你可曾见过一些小事蕴藏着哲理和内涵。试着写一段文字,从生活中的“小”发掘出“大”。8.如果我们囫囵吞枣地看待我们的人生,那么我们只会看到人生中的不幸与灾难,而把一些幸福快乐的事忽略了。只有静下心来,慢慢地品,慢慢地赏,也许不幸的背后就有幸福的嫩芽。9.雨是最寻常的,一下就是三两天。可别恼。看,像牛毛,像花针,像细丝,密密地斜织着,人家屋顶上全笼着一层薄烟。树叶儿却绿得发亮,小草儿也青得逼你的眼。傍晚时候,上灯了,一点点黄晕的光,烘托出一片安静而和平的夜。在乡下,小路上,石桥边,有撑起伞慢慢走着的人,地里还有工作的农民,披着蓑戴着笠。他们的房屋,稀稀疏疏的,在雨里静默着。
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