英语语法-时态讲义课件.ppt

1、 时时 态态只要包括狭义只要包括狭义的的“现在现在”，都属于都属于“现现在在”一一.时态的含义时态的含义 1.“时时”和和“态态”的含义的含义 现在现在 过去过去 将来将来 过去将来过去将来说话人感兴说话人感兴趣的时间趣的时间时时 1.一般一般经常性、一次性经常性、一次性 （重重“事实事实”）2.进行进行 延续性延续性/紧迫性紧迫性/未未 完成性完成性/暂时性暂时性 （动作的情况动作的情况）3.完成完成结束性结束性 4.完成完成 进行进行“态态”在在“时时”前前态态 重重“联联系系”(1)早开始、未完早开始、未完成、将继续成、将继续(2)“)“时时”之前一直在进之前一直在进行行一一 般般 进进

2、 行行 完完 成成 完成进行完成进行 现现在在 主主动动 被被动动 过过去去 主主动动 被被动动 二二.各种时态对应的基本形式各种时态对应的基本形式(以以write为例为例)将将来来 主主动动 被被动动 过过去去将将来来 主主动动 被被动动 一一 般般 进进 行行 完完 成成 完成进行完成进行 现现在在 主主动动 被被动动 过过去去 主主动动 被被动动 二二.各种时态对应的基本形式各种时态对应的基本形式(以以write为例为例)一一 般般 进进 行行 完完 成成 完成进行完成进行 将将来来 主主动动 被被动动 过过去去将将来来 主主动动 被被动动 变化技巧变化技巧：1.1.记住基本形式记住基本

3、形式 BE以以DO为例为例一般现在时一般现在时 am/is/are do/does一般过去时一般过去时 was/were did一般将来时一般将来时 will be will do 进行时进行时 be doing 完成时完成时 have done 被动语态被动语态 be done2.在基本形式的基础上的演变技巧在基本形式的基础上的演变技巧:“从后往前推，变前不变后从后往前推，变前不变后”如如:过去将来完成时的被动语态过去将来完成时的被动语态 过去过去 would have been done 完成时完成时 have been done 被动被动 be done 将来将来 will have b

4、een done过去将来完成过去将来完成would have been done时的被动语态时的被动语态一一 般般 进进 行行 完完 成成 完成进行完成进行 现现在在 主主动动 被被动动 过过去去 主主动动 被被动动 二二.各种时态对应的基本形式各种时态对应的基本形式(以以write为例为例)一一 般般 进进 行行 完完 成成 完成进行完成进行 将将来来 主主动动 被被动动 过过去去将将来来 主主动动 被被动动 一一 般般 进进 行行 完完 成成 完成进行完成进行 现现在在 主主动动 write/writes am/is/are writinghave/haswritten have/hasb

5、een writing 被被动动 am/is/are written am/is/arebeingwritten have/hasbeenwritten 无无过过去去 主主动动 wrotewas/werewriting had written had beenwriting 被被动动 was/were writtenwas/werebeingwritten had beenwritten 无无二二.各种时态对应的基本形式各种时态对应的基本形式(以以write为例为例)一一 般般 进进 行行 完完 成成 完成进行完成进行 将将来来 主主动动 will write will bewriting w

6、ill have written will have been writing 被被动动 will be written 无无will have been written 无无过过去去将将来来 主主动动 would write would bewriting would havewritten would have been writing 被被动动 would bewritten 无无would have beenwritten 无无3.注意：注意：进行时中进行时中,只有一般只有一般现在时和过去一般现在时和过去一般时才有被动语态。时才有被动语态。只要包括狭义只要包括狭义的的“现在现在”，都属

7、于都属于“现现在在”一一.时态的含义时态的含义 1.“时时”和和“态态”的含义的含义 现在现在 过去过去 将来将来 过去将来过去将来说话人感兴说话人感兴趣的时间趣的时间时时 1.一般一般经常性、一次性经常性、一次性 （重重“事实事实”）2.进行进行 延续性延续性/紧迫性紧迫性/未未 完成性完成性/暂时性暂时性 （动作的情况动作的情况）3.完成完成结束性结束性 4.完成完成 进行进行“态态”在在“时时”前前态态 重重“联联系系”(1)早开始、未完早开始、未完成、将继续成、将继续(2)“)“时时”之前一直在进之前一直在进行行2.“时态时态”就是就是“时时”和和“态态”的的组合组合1.情景模拟法情景

8、模拟法-看看说话人感兴趣说话人感兴趣的的“时时”，结合，结合动词的特点动词的特点。如：（如：（1）（）（04北京）北京）Whats that terrible noise?-The neighbors _ for a party.A have prepared B are preparing C prepare D will prepare (2)(06全国全国)The house belongs to my aunt but she_ here any more.A hasnt lived B didnt live C hadnt lived D doesnt live BD三三.时态的判断

9、方法（先时态的判断方法（先“时时”后后“态态”）2.“数轴图示数轴图示”法法-看句中两个时间的看句中两个时间的相对关系相对关系。如：如：（05北京）北京）When Mark opened the door,he saw a woman standing there.He_ her before.A never saw B had never seen C never seen D has never seen (1)(06湖南湖南)In a room above the store,where a party _,some workers were busily setting the tab

10、le.A was to be held B has been held C will be held D is being held never see?opened /sawBAwere settinghold?(2)（天津）（天津）By the time you arrive in London,we_ in Europe for two weeks.A shall stay B have stayedC will have stayed D have been staying now stay?arriveC3.特殊句式。如特殊句式。如：（1）“In the past/last+时间段时

11、间段”常和完成时连用常和完成时连用In the past few years,he has made a lot of friends.（2）Its the first/second time that+完成时完成时.Its the first time that I have come here.will dodo/doesbe going to do be to do be about to do be doing 用法的区分点用法的区分点(1)临时性临时性(2)客观的必然客观的必然 (3)与与if条件状语从句连用条件状语从句连用(1)计划性计划性(2)主观性主观性(3)据某种迹象据某种迹

12、象推测推测,尤其是天气尤其是天气(4)if条件句中条件句中(1)计划与安排计划与安排,一般不易更一般不易更改改(2)命中注定命中注定(1)马上发生马上发生(2)时间的紧迫性时间的紧迫性(1)条件条件/时间状语从句时间状语从句(2)时刻表中时刻表中要干但未干要干但未干“将来将来”的表达法的表达法将来将来”的表达法的表达法 用法的区分点用法的区分点will do(1)临时性临时性(2)客观的必然性客观的必然性(3)与与if条件状语从句连用条件状语从句连用be going to do(1)计划性计划性(2)主观性主观性(3)据某种据某种迹象推测迹象推测,尤其是天气尤其是天气(4)if条件条件句中句中

13、be to do(1)计划与安排计划与安排,一般不易更改一般不易更改(2)命中注定命中注定be about to do 要干但未干要干但未干be doing(1)马上发生马上发生(2)时间的紧迫性时间的紧迫性do/does(1)条件条件/时间状语从句时间状语从句(2)时刻时刻表中表中1.He will be sixteen next year.2.Sorry,I forgot.I will do it now.3.I will wait for you at home if you come tomorrow.4.Im going to attend a meeting next week.5

14、.Look!Its going to rain.If you are going to attend the meeting,leave right now.6.The meeting is to be held at 3 p.m.tomorrow.7.I was about to leave when he suddenly came in.8.Hurry up!He is dying.9.I dont know when he will go there.When he comes,tell me.10.Every two hours a flight.Next takes off at

15、six.1.-Youve left the light on.-Oh,so I have._and turn it off.（2000全国）全国）A.Ill go B.Ive gone C.I go D.Im going2.-How are you today?-Oh,I _as ill as I do now for a very long time.（2000全国）全国）Adidnt fell Bwasnt feelingCdont fell Dhavent felt3.The reporter said that the UFO _east to west when he saw it.

16、（2000全国）全国）Awas travelling BtravelledChad been traveling Dwas to travel.ADA4.Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while,but soon _ to his old ways.（2000北京北京春季）春季）A.returned B.returns C.was returningD.had returned5.-Youre drinking too much.-Only at home.No one _ me but you.（2000北京春季）北京春季）A.is seeing B.

17、had seen C.sees D.saw 6.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology_ so rapidly.（01全国）全国）A.is changing B.has changed C.will have changed D.will changeCAA7.I _ping-pong quite well,but I havent had time to play since the new year.（01全国）全国）A.will play B.have played C.pl

18、ayed D.play8.Visitors_ not to touch the exhibits.（01全国）全国）A.will request B.request C.are requesting D.are requested9.The men will have to wait all day_ the doctor works faster.（01北京春季）北京春季）Aif B.unless C.whether DthatBDD10.John said hed been working in the office for an hour,_ was true.（01北京春北京春季）季）

19、Ahe Bthis Cwhich Dwho11.Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?（01北京春季）北京春季）Yes,I gave it to her _ I saw her.A.while Bthe moment Csuddenly Donce12.I read about it in some book or other,does it matter _ it was?(01北京春季北京春季)A.where B.what Chow DwhichCDB13.You havent said a word about my n

20、ew coat,Brenda.Do you like it?Im sorry I _ anything about it sooner.I certainly think its pretty on you.（02全国）全国）wasnt sayingdont saywont say didnt say14.I wonder why Jenny _ us recently.We should have heard from her by now.(02全国全国)hasnt writtendoesnt writewont write hadnt written15.The little girl

21、_ her heart out because she _ her toy bear and believed she wasnt ever going to find it.（02北京）北京）A.had cried;lost B.cried;had lostC.has cried;has lostD.cries;has lostADB16.Excuse me,sir.Would you do me a favor?Of course.What is it?I _ if you could tell me how to fill out this form.（02北京）北京）A.had won

22、deredB.was wondering C.would wonderD.did wonder17.John and I friends for eight years.We first got to know each other at a Christmas party.But we each other a couple of times before that.（02北京春北京春季）季）A.had been;have seen B.have been;have seenC.had been;had seen D.have been;had seen18.This is Teds pho

23、to.We miss him a lot.He trying to save a child in the earthquake.（02北京春北京春季）季）A.killed B.is killed C.was killed D.was killingCDB 19.How are the team playing?Theyre playing well,but one of them hurt.（02北京春季）北京春季）A.got B.gets C.are D.were 20.Sorry,Joe,I didnt mean to Dont call me“Joe”.Im Mr.Parker to

24、you,and you forget it!（03全国卷）全国卷）AdoBdidntCdidDdont 21.All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor,her nervousness .（03全国卷）全国卷）A.has grown B.is growing C.Grew D.had grownCDA22.At this time tomorrow _ over the Atlantic.（03北京）北京）A.were going to flyB.well be flying C.well fly D.wer

25、e to fly23.-_David and Vicky _ married?-For about three years.（03北京）北京）A.How long were being B.How long have got C.How long have been D.How long did get24.The news came as no surprise to me.I _ for some time that the factory was going to shut down.（03北京）北京）A.had knownB.Knew C.have known D.knowACB25.

26、Come and see me whenever _.(03北京北京)A.you are convenientB.you will be convenient C.it is convenient to you D.it will be convenient26.How long at this job?Since 1990.（03北京春季）北京春季）A.were you employed B.have you been employedC.had you been employed D.will you be employed27.When will you come to see me,D

27、ad?I will go to see you when you the training course.（03北京春季）北京春季）Awill have finishedBwill finishCare finishingDfinishDCB28.-Whats that terrible noise?-The neighbors _for a party.(04北京）北京）A have preparedB are preparing C prepare D will prepare29.Now that she is out of a job,Lucy_ going back to schoo

28、l,but she hasnt decided yet.（04北京）北京）A had considered B has been consideringC consideredD is going to consider30.The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _ by 2019.(04北京北京)A has been completed B.has completed C will have been completed D.will have completed CBB31

29、.-What were you doing when Tony phoned you?-I had just finished my work and _ to take a shower.（04天津）天津）A had started B started C have started D was starting32.The crazy fans patiently for two hours,and they would wait till the movie star arrived.（04重庆）重庆）A.were waitingB.had been waiting C.had waite

30、d D.would wait33.She her hairstyle in her hometown before she came to Chongqing for a better job.（04重庆）重庆）A.would changeB.has changed C.changed D.was changingDCB34.More patients _ in hospital this year than last year.（04江苏）江苏）A.treated B.have treated C.had been treated D.have been treated35.Sales of

31、 CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s,when people_to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.（04江苏）江苏）A.begin B.began C.have begun D.had begun36.The discussion _ alive when an interesting topic was brought in.（04浙江）浙江）A.was coming B.had come C.has come D.cameBDD37.Because the shop _,

32、all the T-shirts are sold at half price.（04浙江）浙江）A.has closed down B.closed down C.is closing down D.had closed down38.You were out when I dropped in at your house.Oh,I _ for a friend from England at the airport.（04福建）福建）Awas waitingBhad waited Cam waitingDhave waited39.The window is dirty.I know.It

33、 _ for weeks.（04广西）广西）A.hasnt cleaned B.didnt clean C.wasnt cleaned D.hasnt been cleanedDCA40.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _ advertisements showing happy families （04湖南）湖南）A.will often see B.often see C.are often seeing D.have often seen41.-I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Islan

34、d for her holiday.-Oh,how nice!Do you know when she _?（04湖南）湖南）A.was leavingB.had leftC.has leftD.left42He kept looking at her,wondering whether he her somewhere.（04湖北）湖北）Asaw Bhas seen Csees Dhad seen ADD43George and Lucy got married last week.Did you go to their wedding?No,I .Did they have a big w

35、edding?（04湖北）湖北）Awas not invited B.have not been invited Chadnt been invited Ddidnt invite 44It is said in the book that Thomas Edison(1847-1931)the world leading inventor for sixty years.（04辽宁）辽宁）Awould be Bhas been Chad been Dwas 45.The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945.and their power _ inc

36、reased enormously ever since.（04上海）上海）A.is B.was C.has been D.had beenDCC46.The number of deaths form heart disease will be reduced greatly it people _ to eat more fruit and vegetables.（04上海）上海）A.persuade B.will persuade C.be persuadedD.are persuaded47.Lets keep to the point or we _ any decisions.（0

37、4全国全国I）A will never reachB have never reachedC never reachD never reached48.My mind wasnt on what he was saying,so Im afraid I _ half of it.（04全国全国I）A was missingB had missed C will miss D missedADD49.-Has Sam finished his homework today?-I have no idea.He_ it this morning.（04全国全国II）A didB has comeC

38、 was doingD had done50.I _ you not to move my dictionary-now I cant find it.（04全国全国II）A askedB askC was askingD had asked51.According to the art dealer,the painting_ to go for at least a million dollars.（04全国全国II）A is expectedB expectsC expected D is expectingAAC52.-Thank goodness,youre here!What_ y

39、ou?-Traffic jam.（04全国全国IV）A keepsB is keepingC had kept D kept53.How can you possibly miss the news?It _ on TV all day long.（04北京春季）北京春季）A.has beenB.had been C.wasD.will be 54.Sorry to have interrupted you.Please go on.Where was I?You _ you didnt like your fathers job.（04北京春季）北京春季）A.had said B.said

40、C.were saying D.had been sayingDAC55.I arrived late;I _ the road to be so icy.（04北京春季）北京春季）A.wouldnt expect B.havent expected C.hadnt expected D.wasnt expecting56.I _ while reading the English textbook.Luckily,my roommate woke me up in time!（04北京春季）北京春季）A.had fallen asleep B.have fallen asleep C.fel

41、l asleep D.fall asleep57.Although he has lived with us for years,he _ us much impression.（04上海春季）上海春季）A.hadnt left B.didnt leave C.doesnt leave D.hasnt leftCCC58.He _ more that 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15?(05北京卷北京卷)A.has learned B.would have learned C.learned

42、D.had learned59.Scientists think that the continents _ always where they _ today.(05北京卷北京卷)A.arent;are B.arent;were C.werent;are D.werent;were60.As soon as he comes back,Ill tell him when _ and see him.(05北京卷北京卷)A.you will come B.will you come C.you come D.do you comeACD61.-Why did you leave that po

43、sition?-I _ a better position at IBM.(05北京卷北京卷)A.offer B.offered C.am offered D.was offered62.Years ago we didnt know this,but recent science _ that people who dont sleep well soon get ill.(05广东卷广东卷)A.showed B.has shown C.will show D.is showing63.The policemans attention was suddenly caught by a sma

44、ll box which _ placed under the Ministers car.(05广东卷广东卷)A.has been B.was being C.had been D.would beDCB64.When the old man _ to walk back to his house,the sun _ itself behind the mountain.（05湖湖北卷）北卷）Astarted;had already hidden Bhad started;had already hiddenChad started;was hiding Dwas starting;hid6

45、5.He was hoping to go abroad but his parents _ that they wont support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.（05湖北卷）湖北卷）Awere deciding BHave decided Cdecided Dwill decide66.-If the traffic hadnt been so heavy,I could have been hack by 6 oclock.-What a pity!Tina _ here to see you.(05湖南卷湖南卷)A.is

46、 B.was C.would be D.has beenBAB67.They _ on the program for almost one week before I joined them,and now we _ it as no good results have come out so far.(05江苏卷江苏卷)had been working;are still working B.had worked;were still workingC.have been working;have worked D.have worked;are still working68.Hurry

47、 up!Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.Oh!I thought they _ without me.(05江西卷江西卷)Awent Bare going Chave gone Dhad gone69.Listen to the two girls by the window.What language _?(05全国卷全国卷3)Adid they speak Bwere they speaking Care they speaking Dhave they been speakingCAD70.Did you tell

48、 Julia about the result?Oh,no,I forgot.I _ her now.(05全全国卷国卷3)Awill be calling Bwill call Ccall Dam to call71.What would you do if it _ tomorrow?We have to carry it on,since weve got everything ready.（05全国卷全国卷1）Arain Brains Cwill rain Dis raining72.The heros story _differently in the newspapers.（05全

49、国卷全国卷1）Awas reportedBwas reporting Creports DreportedABB73.The coffee is wonderful!It doesnt taste like anything I _ before.（05全国卷全国卷1）Awas having Bhave Chave ever had Dhad ever had74.More than a dozen students in that school _ around to study medicine last year.（05上海卷）上海卷）A.sent B.were sent C.had s

50、ent D.had been sent75.At last,we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _ down to eat our picnic lunch.（05上海卷）上海卷）A.sitting B.having sat C.to sit D.satDBC76.My brother is an actor.He _ in several films so far.（05浙江卷）浙江卷）Aappears Bappeared Chas appeared Dis appearing77.Are