第六章商品的品质数量和包装课件.ppt

1、 大连工业大学 大连工业大学 Quality of goods Quantity of goods Packing of goods Main ContentMain ContentChapter three QualityChapter three Quality、Quantity and packingQuantity and packing 大连工业大学One unitOne unitQuality of Goods Quality of Goods 商品品质商品品质一一DefinitionDefinition定义定义 The quality of commodities is the

2、The quality of commodities is the combination of the intrinsic quality combination of the intrinsic quality and outward form and shape of the and outward form and shape of the modities.商品的内在质量和外观形态的综合。商品的内在质量和外观形态的综合。大连工业大学二二 Method expressing of the qualityMethod expressing of the quality 商品品质的表示方法

3、商品品质的表示方法 用文字说明用文字说明Sale by descriptionSale by description 用样品表示用样品表示Sale by sampleSale by sample品质的表示方法品质的表示方法 大连工业大学 (一一)用文字说明表示商品的品质用文字说明表示商品的品质By specificationBy specificationBy brand and markBy brand and markBy instruction By instruction 用文字用文字表示品质表示品质By standardBy standard用规格表示用规格表示By gradeBy

4、grade 用等级表示用等级表示用标准表示用标准表示用牌名和商标用牌名和商标By name of originBy name of origin用产地表示用产地表示用说明书和图纸用说明书和图纸 大连工业大学The specifications of the commodities refer to The specifications of the commodities refer to certain main indicators which indicate the quality certain main indicators which indicate the quality o

5、f the commodities,such as composition,purity,of the commodities,such as composition,purity,size,length,etc.size,length,etc.For example:T/C poplin For example:T/C poplin 27.8tex27.8tex27.8tex 56827.8tex 568278pieces/10cm 180cm278pieces/10cm 180cm sale by specificationsale by specification 大连工业大学(一一)s

6、ale by gradesale by grade Some products are usually Some products are usually classified into different grades classified into different grades based on different specifications.based on different specifications.For example:One Grade Cotton of For example:One Grade Cotton of ChinaChina 大连工业大学(一一)Sta

7、ndards are the standardized specifications orStandards are the standardized specifications or grades officially recognized by the government grades officially recognized by the government agencies or commercial organizations of a country.agencies or commercial organizations of a country.It must poin

8、t out the edition if according to It must point out the edition if according to standards standards 例：例：RifampicinRifampicin B.P.1993 B.P.1993 pure cotton underwear suitable to pure cotton underwear suitable to Eco-label 2000 Eco-label 2000 sale by standardsale by standard商品的标准是指标准化了的规格和等级商品的标准是指标准化

9、了的规格和等级.*注明采用标准的版本名称和年份注明采用标准的版本名称和年份.例：利福平符合例：利福平符合19931993年版英国药典年版英国药典 纯棉内衣符合纯棉内衣符合Eco-label 2000 Eco-label 2000 版生态纺织品标准版生态纺织品标准 大连工业大学(一一)文字说明文字说明 The commodities whose quality is stable,The commodities whose quality is stable,reputation is sound and with which reputation is sound and with which

10、 the consumers or customers are familiarthe consumers or customers are familiar are suitable to sell by brand or trade mark are suitable to sell by brand or trade mark例：例：WHITE RUBBIT CREAMY CANDYWHITE RUBBIT CREAMY CANDYsale by brand or trade marksale by brand or trade mark牌号或商标牌号或商标 大连工业大学(一一)sale

11、 by name of originsale by name of origin To some native product especially for farm To some native product especially for farm products whose quality is better than the products whose quality is better than the similar others for their traditional craftwork similar others for their traditional craft

12、work and special flavor.and special flavor.Example:West-lake Longjing Tea ZhejiangExample:West-lake Longjing Tea Zhejiang Origin Origin CHINESE NORTHEAST SOYBEAN CHINESE NORTHEAST SOYBEAN FRANCE PERFUME FRANCE PERFUME GERMAN BEER GERMAN BEER某些地区的商品某些地区的商品,特别是一些农副产品特别是一些农副产品,因加工工艺独特或口味特殊因加工工艺独特或口味特殊,

13、品质优于其他地区的同类产品品质优于其他地区的同类产品.例：例：CHINESE NORTHEAST SOYBEANCHINESE NORTHEAST SOYBEAN FRANCE PERFUME FRANCE PERFUME GERMAN BEER GERMAN BEER 大连工业大学(一一)Appropriate toAppropriate to technological instruments technological instruments and electric machinesand electric machines适用于科学仪器和电子设备等。适用于科学仪器和电子设备等。例例

14、：电视，电脑等。：电视，电脑等。sale by name of descriptionsale by name of description 大连工业大学(二二)用样品表示品质用样品表示品质1.1.卖方样品卖方样品 （Sellers SampleSellers Sample）合同中应订明：合同中应订明：“品质以卖方样品为准品质以卖方样品为准”。（Quality as per sellers sample Quality as per sellers sample）2.2.买方样品买方样品 （Buyers SampleBuyers Sample）合同中应订明：合同中应订明：“品质以买方样品为准品

15、质以买方样品为准”。（Quality as per buyers sampleQuality as per buyers sample）大连工业大学内容内容三三 合同中的品质条款合同中的品质条款1.1.规定一定规定一定 的范围的范围a given rangea given range2.2.规定一定规定一定 的极限的极限.a limita limit3.3.规定上下规定上下 差异幅度差异幅度a more or less a more or less clauseclause 大连工业大学实践练习实践练习 1龙口粉丝龙口粉丝 2纯棉坯布纯棉坯布 3衬衫衬衫 4精密仪器精密仪器 5红双喜牌乒乓球红

16、双喜牌乒乓球 6 柞蚕丝柞蚕丝 A用样品表示用样品表示 B用规格表示用规格表示 C用说明书表示用说明书表示 D用商标表示用商标表示 E用产地名称表示用产地名称表示 F用等级表示用等级表示 大连工业大学Unit Two Quantity of Goods By Weight:Gram,Kilogram,Pound,Ounce,Metric ton,Long ton,Short ton.By Number:Piece,Pair,Dozen,Set,Gross,R eam,Roll,Bag,Bale By Length:Meter,Foot,Yard By Area:Square(metre,foo

17、t,inch)By Volume:Cubic By Capacity:Liter,Gallon,Bushel一一 Measuring UnitMeasuring Unit 计量单位计量单位In international trade,calculation of quantity In international trade,calculation of quantity is often made in sixis often made in six ways:ways:大连工业大学 Quantity of Goods 商品的数量商品的数量二二 Measuring System Measur

18、ing System 度量衡制度度量衡制度 The British System The British System 英制英制 The U.S.System The U.S.System 美制美制 The Metric System The Metric System 公制公制 The International System The International System 国际单位制国际单位制There are four metrologies commonly used in international trade:大连工业大学1 Metric Ton=1000 kilograms1

19、Short Ton=907 kilograms1 Long ton=1016 kilograms1 Gross=12 Dozens=144 Pieces1yard=0.914meter1yard=0.914meter1inch=2.54cm1inch=2.54cm1pound=0.454kilogram1pound=0.454kilogram度量衡换算度量衡换算Conversion of different systemConversion of different system 大连工业大学Net weight refers to the weight of the goodsNet wei

20、ght refers to the weight of the goods itself.the tare is not counted in.there are itself.the tare is not counted in.there are fourfour way s used to calculate the tare of the goods way s used to calculate the tare of the goods三三 重量的计算方法重量的计算方法1.1.By Net Weight By Net Weight 按净重按净重average tareaverage

21、 tare 平均皮重平均皮重 actual tareactual tare 实际皮重实际皮重Customary tareCustomary tare 习惯皮重习惯皮重Computed tareComputed tare 约定皮重约定皮重 大连工业大学三三 重量的计算方法重量的计算方法 以毛作净以毛作净Gross for net1.1.By Gross Weight By Gross Weight 按毛重按毛重It refers to net weight plus the weight of the package.It refers to net weight plus the weight

22、 of the package.以毛重当作净重计价，适合于以毛重当作净重计价，适合于:(1)(1)价值较低的农产品。价值较低的农产品。(2)(2)包装重量占总重量的比例很小。包装重量占总重量的比例很小。(3)(3)包装的价格与商品价格相差无几。包装的价格与商品价格相差无几。大连工业大学3.By Conditioned Weight3.By Conditioned Weight 按按重重 the weight equals to dry weight plus standard the weight equals to dry weight plus standard moisture cont

23、ent,used in calculating products with moisture content,used in calculating products with unsteady moisture content such as wool,cotton and unsteady moisture content such as wool,cotton and raw silk.raw silk.The formula of calculating the conditional weight is The formula of calculating the condition

24、al weight is as follows:as follows:Conditioned Weight=Dried Weight+Standard Conditioned Weight=Dried Weight+Standard Moisture=actual weight x(1+standard regaining Moisture=actual weight x(1+standard regaining rate of water)/(1+actual regaining rate of water)rate of water)/(1+actual regaining rate of

25、 water)大连工业大学the weight is calculated by multiplying the total number and the weight of each unit.This method is applicable to commodities with regular specifications and regular size,such as galvanized iron and steel plate.三三 重量的计算方法重量的计算方法4.By Theoretical Weight4.By Theoretical Weight 按理论重量按理论重量 大

26、连工业大学计算计算我某公司从澳大利亚进口羊毛，双我某公司从澳大利亚进口羊毛，双方约定单价公量每公吨方约定单价公量每公吨58005800美元，美元，标准回潮率标准回潮率10%10%，该批羊毛实际重量，该批羊毛实际重量为为5050公吨，实际回潮率为公吨，实际回潮率为8%8%。问：上述货物的公量多少？并问：上述货物的公量多少？并应该付款多少美元应该付款多少美元?大连工业大学四四 合同中的数量条款合同中的数量条款 例：例：Chinese northeast soybean Chinese northeast soybean 10 10，000M/T000M/T，2%more or less packe

27、d 2%more or less packed in single gunny bag,gross for net.in single gunny bag,gross for net.合同中的数量条款主要包括合同中的数量条款主要包括:商品的成交量商品的成交量 计量单位计量单位 用重量来计量的，还须表明计重方法。用重量来计量的，还须表明计重方法。规定数量机动幅度规定数量机动幅度 大连工业大学例例:Quantity:500 tons :Quantity:500 tons 5%more or less at sellers 5%more or less at sellers optionoption

28、内容：内容：1 1、溢短装比率、溢短装比率 2 2、交货时由谁决定溢短装、交货时由谁决定溢短装 3 3、溢短装部分价格的确定、溢短装部分价格的确定(1)(1)溢短装条款溢短装条款More or Less ClauseMore or Less Clause 大连工业大学about 1000 M/T about 1000 M/T*由于由于“约约”数的含义在国际贸易中有不数的含义在国际贸易中有不同解释，容易引起纠纷，除非买卖双同解释，容易引起纠纷，除非买卖双方对约量有协议方对约量有协议,否则尽量采用溢短否则尽量采用溢短装条款装条款.(2)(2)约量条款约量条款 About About ClauseC

29、lause 大连工业大学如果卖方按每箱如果卖方按每箱50005000美元的价格出美元的价格出售商品售商品200200箱，合同规定箱，合同规定“数量允许有数量允许有5%5%的增减幅度，由卖方决定的增减幅度，由卖方决定”。试问：这是一个什么条款？最多可装试问：这是一个什么条款？最多可装多少箱？最少可装多少箱？如实多少箱？最少可装多少箱？如实际装运际装运204204箱，买方应付款多少？箱，买方应付款多少？技能训练题 大连工业大学Unit three Packing of Goods)商品的包装商品的包装一 包装的作用包装的作用1.1.保护商品安全保护商品安全2.2.方便运输方便运输3.3.促进商品销

30、售促进商品销售 大连工业大学二二 包装的种类包装的种类 The kinds of packingThe kinds of packing按包装在流通过程中作用的不同按包装在流通过程中作用的不同运输包装运输包装保护商品、方便运输、保护商品、方便运输、减少运费、便于储存、减少运费、便于储存、节省仓租、便于记数节省仓租、便于记数美化、宣传、美化、宣传、介绍商品介绍商品牢固、经济牢固、经济美观、吸引美观、吸引销售包装销售包装 大连工业大学1.1.销售包装销售包装 selling/inner packingselling/inner packingcontentcontent Name Name Siz

31、eSize ColorColor NumberNumber PicturePicture Brand nameBrand name Trade markTrade mark Product codeProduct code 大连工业大学商标商标商品的名称商品的名称包装的标志包装的标志生产国别生产国别1 运输标志运输标志2 指示性标志指示性标志3警告性标志警告性标志 大连工业大学2.运输包装运输包装 shipping/outer packing 运输标志运输标志Shipping MarkShipping Mark指示性标志指示性标志Indicative MarkIndicative Mark警告

32、性标志警告性标志Warning MarkWarning Mark 大连工业大学 Usually four types of information are included in Usually four types of information are included in shipping marks as per the ISO standard:shipping marks as per the ISO standard:1 The initial letters or abbreviation of a consignee 1 The initial letters or abbr

33、eviation of a consignee or buyeror buyer;2 The reference number,such as the number of the 2 The reference number,such as the number of the contract,order,invoice,bill of lading or letter contract,order,invoice,bill of lading or letter of credit.of credit.3 The destination,i.e.the name of the port or

34、 place 3 The destination,i.e.the name of the port or place of destinationof destination4 The package number,i.e.the consecutive number of 4 The package number,i.e.the consecutive number of each package or the total number of the shipment.each package or the total number of the shipment.1 1、shipping

35、markshipping mark 运输标志运输标志 大连工业大学标准化运输标志内容标准化运输标志内容ABC收货人代号收货人代号SC1234参考号参考号NEW YORK目的地目的地CTN/NO125件数号码件数号码ABCABCSC1234 NEW YORKNEW YORKCTN/NO1CTN/NO12525运输标志的内容运输标志的内容 大连工业大学 2 2、指示性标志指示性标志 Indicating MarkIndicating MarkIt is also called dangerous cargo mark,which is brushed It is also called dange

36、rous cargo mark,which is brushed clearly and definitely on the shipping packing of the clearly and definitely on the shipping packing of the inflammable,explosive,poisonous,corrosive goods,so inflammable,explosive,poisonous,corrosive goods,so as to give warnings to the workersas to give warnings to

37、the workers.根据商品的特性，对一些容易破碎、残损、变质的商根据商品的特性，对一些容易破碎、残损、变质的商品，在装卸操作和存放保管条件方面所提出的要求和品，在装卸操作和存放保管条件方面所提出的要求和注意事项，用图形和文字表示的标志。注意事项，用图形和文字表示的标志。大连工业大学常见的指示性标志常见的指示性标志 大连工业大学指示性标志指示性标志 大连工业大学3 3、警告性标志、警告性标志(Warning Mark)(Warning Mark)It is also called dangerous cargo mark,which is It is also called dangero

38、us cargo mark,which is brushed clearly and definitely on the shipping packing brushed clearly and definitely on the shipping packing of the inflammable,explosive,poisonous,corrosive of the inflammable,explosive,poisonous,corrosive goods,so as to give warnings to the workersgoods,so as to give warnin

39、gs to the workers 大连工业大学 4 4、条形码标志、条形码标志(Warning Mark)(Warning Mark)由一组粗细间隔不等的平行线及相应由一组粗细间隔不等的平行线及相应的数字组成。的数字组成。条码种类条码种类UCPUCP美国统一代码委员会编制美国统一代码委员会编制EANEAN国际物品编码协会编制国际物品编码协会编制我国我国19911991年年4 4月加入月加入EANEAN码。码。国别号码：国别号码：690690、691691、692692 书籍：书籍：978 978 杂志：杂志：977977 大连工业大学作业作业 1.今出口棉花今出口棉花10公吨公吨,买卖双方约定标准回买卖双方约定标准回潮率为潮率为8%,实际回潮率则从实际回潮率则从10公吨货物中公吨货物中抽取部分样品测定抽取部分样品测定.假设抽取假设抽取10公斤样品公斤样品抽去水分后后净重为抽去水分后后净重为8公斤公斤.试计算这试计算这 批棉批棉花的公量？花的公量？2.商品品品质的表示方法商品品品质的表示方法?3.运输标志的内容运输标志的内容?