高中全部语法详细讲解课件.ppt

1、高中全部语法详细讲解高中全部语法详细讲解Task I.句子成分复习句子成分复习主语（主语（subject）谓语（谓语（predicate）宾语（宾语（object）表语（表语（predicative）定语（定语（attribute）状语状语(adverbial)宾语补足语（宾语补足语（object complement）同位语同位语(appositive)Task II.A.Objects（宾语）（宾语）and Object Clause1.He told me the newsHe told me that the match had been cancelled.He told me wh

2、at he enjoyed most when he was in Paris.He told me when he was leaving for Paris.He told me how much he missed his parents while studying in university.He told me where he found the missing pet for me.He told me why he got divorced with his wife.He asked me whether I was willing to go to the resort

3、with his family.He asked me how I got to Washington at that age.I believe whoever always keeps his or her promise.I like whatever you send me.Can you tell me whose book this is?B.Subjects（主语）（主语）and Subject Clause（主语从句）（主语从句）.1.The news surprised all the people present.That he didnt know the preside

4、nt of his own country astonished all the people present.What he said frightened all the people present.Why this species became extinct is still a mystery.When the two partners signed the contract was a mystery.Where we will have the coming holiday hasnt been decided.How our country has become so str

5、ong is witnessed by millions of people.Whether you will feel happy is not necessarily related to money.How long it will take me to perform the task depends on the equipment.Whoever commits a crime will be punished by law.Whatever will be will be.Its a pity that you should have to leave.C.Predicative

6、（表语）（表语）and Predicative Clause（表语从句）（表语从句）.1.That is the fact.His suggestion is that we(should)finish the work at once.That is why he is always late for school.The question is whether it is worth doing.This is how Henry solved the problem.The problem is where you start the business.D.Appositive（同位语）

7、（同位语）and Appositive Clause（同位语从句）（同位语从句）1.Mr.Yang,a senior employee of the company,stood up and went over to Simon.Word came that there would be a war in Iraq.The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.We cannot solve the problem how we can travel faster than light.I ha

8、ve no idea when he will be back.The little boy had no idea where his parents had gone.I have no doubt that our team will defeat them.The man couldnt make the decision whether he should tell the truth.The student couldnt make the decision which book he should read.E.Attributive（定语（定语)and Attributive

9、Clause1.The news frightened the people present.2.The news frightened the people in the room.3.The news frightened the people signing contract in the room.4.The news frightened the people whose sons were at war._ _ _F.adverbial（状语）（状语）and Adverbial Clause1.His father has worked in the factory since 1

10、998.2.His father worked where the product was manufactured when you were born.3.I often show some film clips in my lessons in order that I may arouse the students interest._ _ _ 六类从句1_,2._,3._ 4_,5._,6._其中，_,_,_,_ 都属于名词性从句。主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句状语从句状语从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语

11、从句同位语从句从句类别从句类别 主语主语,宾语宾语,表语表语,同位语从句同位语从句引导词引导词 that(陈述句陈述句)whether(一般疑问句一般疑问句,是否是否,会不会会不会)what,when,how much/old/long where,why,how,whose(特殊疑问句特殊疑问句)whichever,whoever,whatever(无论无论)Task III 特别注意事项特别注意事项A.语序问题语序问题1Where does the person come from?_ can affect the style of his speech.2.Why does Englis

12、h have such strange rules?Most beginners dont understand _.3.Why did he refuse to do me the favor?Thats _.4.Where does he come from?I cant answer the question _.5Will we succeed?_still remains a question.Where the person comes fromwhy English has such strange ruleswhy he refused to do me the favorwh

13、ere he comes from.Whether we will succeed名词性从句由名词性从句由Wh-疑问词引导时，必须将疑问词引导时，必须将疑问句语序改为疑问句语序改为_。陈述句语序陈述句语序B.时态问题时态问题1.The teacher said metals _(expand)if heated.2.The teacher said the headmaster _(expand)the school the next year.名词性从句，尤其是宾语从句中，从句部分时态名词性从句，尤其是宾语从句中，从句部分时态要和主句部分时态保持一致，但如果从句内容是要和主句部分时态保持一致

14、，但如果从句内容是客观真理则不要保持一致。客观真理则不要保持一致。expandwould expandC.it 问题问题_ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language._ is clear that Marie Curie is a great scientist.I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full.I find _ impossible that he will attend the meeting.It It it it 在主语从句和

15、宾语从句中，常常会用在主语从句和宾语从句中，常常会用_作形作形势主语或形式宾语替代比较长的真正的主语或宾势主语或形式宾语替代比较长的真正的主语或宾语。常见的形势主语句型有：语。常见的形势主语句型有：1.It+be+adj.(true,certain,possible,obvious,likely)that2.It+be+noun phrase(no wonder,an honour,a pity,)that3.It+be+past participle (said,reported,expected,announced)that4.It+seems/appears that.5.It does

16、nt matter that it D.同位语从句问题同位语从句问题常接同位语从句的名词有常接同位语从句的名词有:word,fact,idea,news,information,order,belief,suggestion,advice,reply,answer,saying etc.1I have no idea where he comes from.2He cant answer the question how he got the money.3The news that Beijing will hold the 2008 Olympic Games encourages us.

17、同位语从句和定语从句有区别。同位语从句和定语从句有区别。1.We cannot solve the problem how we can travel faster than light._2.I cant remember the question they gave at the meeting._3.They were worried over the fact that you were sick._4.I could not believe the fact that he told me yesterday._5.The suggestion that he gave yester

18、day was rejected._6.Our chairman proposed his suggestion that new rules should be applied._同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句 同位语从句在复合句中作同位语成分的同位语从句在复合句中作同位语成分的从句，句子通常说明前一个名词的内容。从句，句子通常说明前一个名词的内容。定语从句是用来修饰前面先行词的修饰定语从句是用来修饰前面先行词的修饰语，不是说明前面名词的内容。语，不是说明前面名词的内容。E.连词问题连词问题 what Or tha

19、t?1._ we cant get seems better than _ we have.2._ he wants is a book.3._ he wants to go there is obvious.4.The result is _ we won the game.5.This is _ we want to know.6.Is _ he told us true?7.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.8.I have no doubt _ he will come.9.I have no idea _ he di

20、d that afternoon.WhatwhatWhatThat thatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat连词连词_在从句中不作成分，不含有疑问在从句中不作成分，不含有疑问意义，仅仅起到一个连接两个句子的作用意义，仅仅起到一个连接两个句子的作用而而_在从句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。在从句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。thatwhatWhether Or if?1._well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.2.I asked her _ she had a bike.3._ we will hold a party in the op

21、en air tomorrow depends on the weather.4.Were worried about _ he is safe.5.I dont know _ he is well or not.6.I dont know _ or not he is well.7.The question is _ he should do it.8.The doctor can hardly answer the question_the oldman will recover soon.9.I dont know _ to go.Whetherif/whetherWhether whe

22、therwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether不能使用不能使用if 的情况：的情况：a.主语从句主语从句b.表语从句表语从句c.同位语从句同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句f.whether to do 做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用if to do.g.whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if总之，在不确定情况下，总之，在不确定情况下，_是最安全的，是最安全的，也也是最万能的。是最万能的。whetherthat 能省略吗？能省略吗？I dont think _ she is coming.2.It i

23、s a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless.4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5.I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.(that)thatthatthatthatthatthat单个宾语从句中的单个宾语从句中的that

24、可省略可省略 F.强调句中的强调句中的that1.It is Prof.Li who teaches us English.2.It is English that Prof.Li teaches us.3.It was in Shanghai that I saw the film.It is whoIt is that学生们逐渐认识到友谊胜过金钱以及患难之交学生们逐渐认识到友谊胜过金钱以及患难之交才是真朋友。（才是真朋友。（realize）（）（01春）春）2 这个事故使我们意识到安全问题不容忽视。这个事故使我们意识到安全问题不容忽视。（realize）（）（02春）春）3.不管天有多晚，

25、他从不把今天的事拖到明天。不管天有多晚，他从不把今天的事拖到明天。(put off)（02春）春）The students have come to realize that friendship is more important than money and that a friend in need is a friend indeed.The accident made us realize that safety cant be ignored.However late it is,he never puts off what must be done today till tomo

26、rrow.4.我没有想到汤姆会被选为学生会主席。（我没有想到汤姆会被选为学生会主席。（occur）（02秋）秋）5.听见听见2008年在北京举办奥运会的消息时，人们年在北京举办奥运会的消息时，人们欣喜若欣喜若 狂。狂。(news that)（03春）春）6.你该就刚才的所作所为向在场的人道歉。你该就刚才的所作所为向在场的人道歉。(apologize)（04秋）秋）If never occurred/didnt occur to me that Tom would/should be elected/made chairman of the Students Union.People were

27、wild with joy at the news that Olympic Games would be held in Beijing in 2008.You should apologize to the people present for what you have just done.7.物理课上，他没听懂王教授所讲的内容。物理课上，他没听懂王教授所讲的内容。(fail)（06春）春）8.是否在黄浦江上再建一座大桥，委员们意见不是否在黄浦江上再建一座大桥，委员们意见不一。一。(agree)（06春）春）9.我们相信农民的生活会越来越好。我们相信农民的生活会越来越好。(believe

28、)（06秋）秋）In the physics class,he failed to understand what Professor Wang was talking about.The members of the committee/The committee can not agree on whether to build another bridge over/across the Huangpu River.We believe that peasants/farmers life will be/be getting better and better.10.一本书是否畅销取决

29、于诸多因素。一本书是否畅销取决于诸多因素。(Whether.)（06秋）秋）11.据报道这种野生植物含有丰富的维生素。据报道这种野生植物含有丰富的维生素。(It)（07春春)12.遇到困难的时候遇到困难的时候,我们需要的不是彼此的埋怨我们需要的不是彼此的埋怨,而而是相互帮助。是相互帮助。(not.but)（07秋）秋）Whether a book sells well depends on many/various factors.It is reported that this wild plant is rich in/contains/has a lot of vitamins.When

30、 difficulties come to us,what we need is not to complain about each other but to help each other.13.导演得知自己的影片获奖，感到无比自豪。导演得知自己的影片获奖，感到无比自豪。（award）（）（08春）春）14.你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会?(possible)Learning that he was awarded/won an award for his film,the director felt very proud of himself/was full of pride.Is it possible for you to attend my birthday party tonight?结结 语语