中考英语复习之动词-课件.ppt

1、一一.动词的分类动词的分类三三.动词的语态动词的语态二二.动词的时态动词的时态四四.非谓语动词非谓语动词动词分类动词分类概念概念能独立作谓语的动词能独立作谓语的动词本身有意义，但不能独立作本身有意义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语。谓语。本身无意义或意义不完整，本身无意义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语。不能单独作谓语。有一定词义，本身不表示动有一定词义，本身不表示动作和状态，而仅仅表达说话作和状态，而仅仅表达说话人的态度。人的态度。实义动词实义动词系动词系动词助动词助动词情态动词情态动词（一）实义动词（一）实义动词1._ 本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完

2、整。I like the book.2._自身意思完整，无需接宾语。Birds can fly.及物动词及物动词不及物动词不及物动词词义辨析词义辨析 1)_ 表“习惯做某事”；_表“过去常常做某事”_表“被用来做什么”be(get)used to doingused to dobe used to doPens _ write.I _getting up early.I _get up early.are used toam used toused to词义辨析词义辨析 2)_+“大地点”；_+“小地点”_+“地点名词”_是及物动词，+“地点名词”arrive inarrive atget t

3、oreach词义辨析词义辨析 3)_ 表“借入”；_表“借出”_表“长时间的借”borrowlendkeep词义辨析词义辨析 4)_ 表“给某人穿衣服”；_表“穿上”，强调动作；_表“穿着，戴着”，强调状态。dress sb.put onwear词义辨析词义辨析 5)_“看见”，表结果；_“看”，表动作，不及物；_“看(比赛，电视)”_“看(书、报)”，表阅读 seelook(at)watchread词义辨析词义辨析 6)_“带来，拿来”；_“拿去，带走；_“扛，搬”，用力移动，无方向 _“去取，去拿”，表往返拿物 bringtakecarryfetch,get词义辨析词义辨析 7)_“死”，

4、不及物动词；_“死的”，形容词，表状态；_“死”，名词 _“垂死的”，形容词 diedeaddeathdying词义辨析词义辨析 8)_“说（语言）”，“发言”；_“说（内容）”，及物；_“谈论某事”；_“谈论某人”_“告诉”speaksaytalk about sth.talk to(with)sb.tell词义辨析词义辨析 9)_“花钱（时间）”，人做主语；_“花钱”，人做主语；_“花钱”，物做主语 _“花时间”，物做主语 spendpaycosttake词义辨析词义辨析 10)_“寻找”，强调过程；_“找到”，强调结果；_“找出，查明（起因）”_“听”，强调过程 _“听到”，强调结果 l

5、ook forfindfind outlisten(to)hear词义辨析词义辨析 11)_ the game “赢”_ the game “输”，_ sb.“打败（某人）”_ in the game “失败”winlosebeat(defeat)fail词义辨析词义辨析 12)_ 表“丢失，失去”；_表“忘记”；_表“把某物落在某处”。loseforgetleave词义辨析词义辨析 13)_ 表“想到”；_表“考虑”；_表“仔细考虑”。think ofthink aboutthink over词义辨析词义辨析 14)_ 表“加入”；_表“参加（活动）”；_表“出席（会议）”。join(the

6、 party)take part inattend(a meeting)词义辨析词义辨析 15)_red _dark _cold _short/long turnget/growget/becomegetChoose the best answer 1.How much money did you _ on the dictionary?-29 yuan.A.pay B.spend C.cost D.takeChoose the best answer 2.It _ almost 10 years to build Panzhihua Ertan power station,the secon

7、d largest power station in Asia.A.spent B.took C.cost D.paidChoose the best answerChoose the best answer 3.Would you please _ the TV?I can hardly hear the conversation between the two speakers.A.turn on B.turn up C.turn off D.turn downChoose the best answer 4.Tom and Jim _ friends since they met eac

8、h other for the first time five years ago.A.were B.have become C.have made D.have beenChoose the best answer 5.Im afraid the other students will _ me because I cant answer the question.A.laugh at B.hear from C.agree with D.wait forChoose the best answer 6.Nancy,dont always _ that old jacket.It looks

9、 terrible.-But I think its cool,Mom.A.wear B.dress C.put on D.take offChoose the best answer 7.No free plastic bags in the supermarket helps to _ white pollution.A.reduce B.remove C.provide D.produceChoose the best answer 8.I am greatly interested in this painting.Something in it _ the painters deep

10、 love for nature.A.expects B.discusses C.expresses D.imaginesChoose the best answer 9.Oh,Ive left my schoolbag in the classroom.-Dont worry.Ill _ it for you.A.bring B.get C.take D.carryChoose the best answer 10.What a nice MP3!Is it yours?-Of course.I _ 180 yuan on it.A.cost B.took C.spent D.paidCho

11、ose the best answer 11.Theres too much sunshine.-Yeah.Wed better _ sunglasses.A.put away B.put on C.take off D.take outChoose the best answer 12.The doctor _ a _ boy yesterday.A.had saved;dying B.saved;dead C.has saved;dead D.saved;dying（二）系动词（二）系动词1.表表“状态状态”：look,seem,taste,smell,feel,sound,be,keep

12、,stay2.表表“变化变化”:turn,get,grow,fall,become,come,goChoose the best answer 1.The water _ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.A.was felt B.is felt C.felt D.feels Choose the best answerChoose the best answer2.He shook his head _ and looked _ when he was told the bad news.A.sadly;sadly B

13、.sad;sad C.sadly;sad D.sad;sadlyChoose the best answerChoose the best answer3.I love to go to the forest in summer.It _ good to walk in the forest or sit in the shade of trees.A.does B.feels C.gets D.makesChoose the best answer4.-I was wondering if we could go skating on the weekend.-_ good.A.Sound

14、B.Sounded C.Sounding D.SoundsChoose the best answer状态变化系动词状态变化系动词系动词系动词用法用法习惯搭配习惯搭配朝坏的方面变化朝坏的方面变化wrong,bad,mad,hungry,blind etc.表颜色等表颜色等red,green表成长中的变化表成长中的变化strong,tall由动态到静态转变由动态到静态转变ill,sick,asleep转向好的状态转向好的状态true,alive常用来指人或物的常用来指人或物的状态的变化状态的变化become 接名词接名词时时,名词前接冠词名词前接冠词gocometurngrowfallgetbe

15、comeChoose the best answer1.The discussion_ alive when an interesting topic was brought in.A.was coming B.had come C.has come D.came2.The traffic lights_ green and I pulled away.A.came B.grew C.got D.turned3.-Is your headache getting _?-No,its worse.A.better B.bad C.less D.well4.-Would you advise me

16、 on how to stay_?-Try to live regularly,eat more vegetables and be in a good state of mind.A.health B.healthy C.healthily D.more healthily5.The dog looked_.The boy looked _at the poor dog.A.dead;sad B.dying;sadly C.deadly;sadly D.dying;sad6.The cloth that she bought looks _,feels _ and sells_.A.beau

17、tiful;soft;well B.beauty;softly;well C.beautifully;softly;good D.beautiful;soft;good（三）情态动词（三）情态动词一一.can,could,be able to I.can 1 1）表）表“能力能力”He can speak five languages.2 2）表）表“许可许可”=may=may Can(May)I come in?3)3)表表“可能性可能性”Can it be true?一一.can,could,be able to4)4)be able to与与can 的比较的比较 A)A)表示能力时可通用

18、表示能力时可通用 No one can/is able to do it.B B)be able to可用于任何时态。可用于任何时态。Im sorry I havent been able to answer your letter.C)C)表经努力办到某事，用表经努力办到某事，用be able to 。After years of hard work he was able to win the prize.一一.can,could,be able to2.could 1)1)could 是是can的过去时，可用来较委的过去时，可用来较委婉，客气地提出问题或陈述看法。婉，客气地提出问题或陈述

19、看法。Could you come a little earlier?2)2)can 和和could 表示某人或某物一时表示某人或某物一时的特点，译为的特点，译为“有可能，有时会有可能，有时会”。He can be very friendly.He could be very proud.二二.may,might 1）表许可，译为）表许可，译为“可以可以”（正式场合）（正式场合）You may take the book home.2)表示推测，表示推测，“或许，可能或许，可能”。It may rain tomorrow.3)表示祝愿表示祝愿 May you succeed!4)might:m

20、ay 的过去式，但的过去式，但might表可表可 能性较小，或表更婉转语气。能性较小，或表更婉转语气。Jim may(might)lend you money.Might I ask a question?三三.must,have to,need1.must 的用法：的用法：1）“必须必须”，否定表禁止。回答其，否定表禁止。回答其 问句用问句用neednt或或dont have to。I must leave at 9.-Must we hand it in today?-Yes,you must.No,you neednt/dont have to.三三.must,have to,need1

21、.must 的用法：的用法：2)must 还可表示一种推断和揣测。还可表示一种推断和揣测。must+do对现在事实的猜测对现在事实的猜测;must+have done 对过去事实的猜测对过去事实的猜测.You must be joking.I cant find my key.I must have left it in the bus.三三.must,have to,need 2.must与与 have to的比较：的比较：A)have to-客观情况；客观情况；must-主观看法。主观看法。I must learn another foreign language.You have to

22、learn another foreign language if you want to work here.B)have to用于不同时态，用于不同时态，must不行不行.We will have to buy another TV set.三三.must,have to,need 3.need 的用法：的用法：1）作情态动词用时，用于疑问或否）作情态动词用时，用于疑问或否定句。回答定句。回答need问句时，肯定用问句时，肯定用must,否定用否定用neednt/dont have to.You need not do anything here.-Need I go so soon?-Y

23、es,you must.No,you neednt./dont have to.三三.must,have to,need 3.need 的用法：的用法：2)need用做行为动词时的用法：用做行为动词时的用法：I need to buy a new dictionary.My bike needs repairing/needs to be repaired.四四.will 和和 would 的用法：的用法：1.表示表示“意愿意愿”She wont lend me the money.2.表表“邀请邀请”或或“请求请求”Will you give me a piece of paper?3.wo

24、uld比比will语气更温婉。语气更温婉。Would like something to eat?五五.shall,should的用法的用法 A)shall的用法的用法 用于第一人称，用于第一人称，表示征求意见。表示征求意见。Shall I turn on the light?B)should的用法的用法1.表示劝告，建议。表示劝告，建议。You should study the article carefully.2.表示推测，译为表示推测，译为“可能，应该，该可能，应该，该”。He should arrive at noon.Choose the best answer 1.Where i

25、s our head teacher,Mr.Li?-He _ be in the office.I saw him there just one or two minutes ago.A.can B.may C.might D.mustChoose the best answer 2.Shall I tell him the news after class?-You _.Ive told him already.A.cant B.mustnt C.shouldnt D.needntChoose the best answer 3.Mrs.Wang,Lingling came to see y

26、ou just now.-It _ be Lingling.Shes gone to Hong Kong.A.can B.cant C.must D.mustntChoose the best answer 4.Anna hasnt come to school today.I think she _ be ill.A.can B.has to C.may D.shouldChoose the best answer 5.Is Mr.Smith swimming in the pool,Harry?-It _ be him.I saw him go to the library just no

27、w.A.may not B.cant C.neednt D.mustntChoose the best answer 6.Will you answer the telephone?It _ be your mother.-Sorry.I _.Im busy.A.can;mustnt B.will;cant C.may;cant D.need;willChoose the best answer 7.Tony _ go to the opera on Saturday because hes going to have a meeting.A.cant B.might C.mustnt D.s

28、houldChoose the best answer 8.Be polite.You _ talk to the old like that.A.couldnt B.neednt C.mustnt D.wouldntChoose the best answer 9.Look!It _ be the new woman manager.-It _ be her.She has just left for Shanghai.A.can;mustnt B.must;cant C.must;mustnt D.cant;mustChoose the best answer 10.I hit a tre

29、e on the way to meet my friend at the railway station.-Im sure you _ have been driving too fast.A.need B.should C.will D.mustChoose the best answer 11.Mum,_ I go out to play?-Yes,you can.But you must finish your homework first.A.must B.may C.will D.needChoose the best answer 12.Schools _ allow stude

30、nts at least one hour a day for sports.A.would B.might C.should D.couldChoose the best answer 13.Ben,dont drive too fast.You _ hit others car.A.may B.must C.have to D.needChoose the best answer 14.I was told to be here before eight.-Oh,you _.Im sorry for not telling you that we have changed the plan

31、.A.must B.cant C.may D.needntChoose the best answer 15.Never touch my computer while Im away.-I _.A.shouldnt B.mustnt C.wont D.dont Choose the best answer 16.I dont mind telling you what I know.-You _.Im not asking you for it.A.neednt B.mustnt C.may not D.cantChoose the best answer1 17.Lets go to Ta

32、ishan Park by taxi.-Its not far.We _ take a taxi.A.neednt B.cant C.mustnt D.couldnt用法用法练习练习I usually _ at six in the morning.A.get up B.gets up C.go to bedThe earth _ around the sun.A.go B.move C.moves3.时间、条件状语从句的时间、条件状语从句的从句部分（从句部分（）He will give you the book as soon as he _ you.A.will see B.sees C.

33、see主主+V 原原/V-(e)s1.经常性或习惯性的动作经常性或习惯性的动作时间标志：时间标志：every;always;often;sometimes;at;neveron Sundays;once a week usually;2.客观真理客观真理,客观存在客观存在,科科学事实学事实主将主将从现从现类型类型构成构成例词例词一般情况一般情况readuse以以 sh，ch，s,x和和o结尾结尾finishwatch ;gomiss ;fix以辅音字母以辅音字母 +y+y 结尾结尾stud ;tr ;不规则变化不规则变化 have has-sss-eseseseseses变变y 为为i 再加再

34、加-esiesies肯定肯定:否定否定:疑问疑问:她经常在回家前完成作业她经常在回家前完成作业.She often finishes her homework before she goes homeShe doesnt finish her homework before she goes homeDoes she often finish her homework before she goes home?谓语是行为动词时谓语是行为动词时,否定和疑问句要借助助动词否定和疑问句要借助助动词dodo或或doesdoes,原来的行为动词要用原形原来的行为动词要用原形.1.A:How often_

35、 she exercise?B:Twice a week.A.do B.does C.doing2.I _ like to drink milk.A.not B.doesnt C.dont3.Good food and exercise _ me to study better.A.help B.helps C.helping4.I will let you know about it as soon as I _ the news.A.will get B.gets C.get5.He always_ school early and_ home late.A.go to;comes bac

36、k to B.goes to;come back C.goes to;comes back6._she_ eating mooncakes?A.Is;like B.Do;like C.Does;like7.“Does Wang Li_ English well?”A.speak B.speaks C.say用法用法练习练习He _ the countryside when he was young.A.lives B.lived C.lived in1.He _last year.A.stops to write B.stopped write C.stopped writing2.我们尽了全

37、力，终于成功了。我们尽了全力，终于成功了。We _ and we made it at last.主主+V-edtried our best表示过去某一时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作内所发生的动作或情况或情况时间标志：时间标志：yesterday;the day before yesterday;last；ago 等表示过等表示过去时间的词语去时间的词语类型类型构成构成例词例词一般情况一般情况join ;work以字母以字母e e结尾结尾like ;live以辅音字母以辅音字母 +y+y 结尾结尾studied;tried;以重读闭音节结以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一

38、尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母个辅音字母stop ;drop不规则变化见不规则变化见BOOK 3edd变变y 为为i 再加再加 ed双写尾词加双写尾词加 edededddpedped肯定肯定:否定否定:疑问疑问:Tom Tom 刚才打了电话给她刚才打了电话给她.Tom rang her just now.Tom didnt ring her just now.Did Tom ring her just now?谓语是行为动词时谓语是行为动词时,否定和疑问句要借助否定和疑问句要借助助动词助动词diddid,原来的行为动词要用原形原来的行为动词要用原形.1.It was too dark.So he _

39、 the lights and began to read books.A.turned off B.turns on C.turned on2.The children _ at their uncles last night.A.are B.were C.was3.I am sorry that you have missed the train.It _ ten minutes ago.A.left B.leaves C.will leave4.These farmers have been to the United States.Really?When _ there?A.will

40、they go B.did they go C.do they go5.Jim is not coming tonight.But he _!A.promises B.promised C.will promise用法用法例句例句There _ a sports meeting here next month.A.will have B.will be C.is going toI dont know if the train _ soon.but I _ for you if you want to know.A.will arrive;will look it upB.arrives;wi

41、ll look up itC.will arrive;look it up主主+is/am/are going to+V 原原主主+will+V 原原1.表示将来表示将来要发生的动要发生的动作或存在的作或存在的状态状态.2.时间、条时间、条件状语从句件状语从句的主句部分的主句部分（主将主将从现）从现）1.Do you know when the World Cup _ next week?Next Friday.When it _,Ill ring you.A.begins;begins B.begins;will begin C.will begin;begins2.Jimmy is lea

42、ving for a holiday.Really?Where _ he _?A.does;go B.will;go C.did;go3.Shall we go to the Sand Lake tomorrow?Yes.Well go unless it _ heavily.A.will rain B.rained C.rains用法用法例句例句表示表示在过在过去看去看来将来将要发要发生的生的动作动作我告诉他我将会去机场送他我告诉他我将会去机场送他.I told him that I _ at the airport.他们说他们将会在会议室开会他们说他们将会在会议室开会.They said

43、that they _/_a meeting in the meeting room.主主+was/were going to+V 原原would see him offwould have were going to have主主+would+V 原原常用在宾语从句中常用在宾语从句中1.He told me that he _ to see us the next day.A.comes B.would come C.will come 2.The teacher told us that the sun _ bigger than the earth.A.is B.was C.will b

44、e3.-The plane is leaving right now,but Jim hasnt arrived yet.-Well,he said he _here on time.A came B would come C will be用法用法例句例句We _ an English lesson now.A.are having B.having C.were having学生们正在为考试做准备学生们正在为考试做准备.The students _ the exam.主主+is/am/are+V-ingare getting ready for表示说话者说表示说话者说话时正在发生话时正在发

45、生的动作的动作表示目前一段表示目前一段时间内正在进时间内正在进行的动作行的动作.(说话时动作不一定正在说话时动作不一定正在进行进行)类型类型构成构成例词例词一般情况一般情况readreadwatchwatch以不发音的以不发音的e结尾的词结尾的词taketakemakemake重读闭音节字重读闭音节字母结尾母结尾putput-inginging去掉去掉e-ing先双写最后一个辅先双写最后一个辅音字母音字母-ingt tinginginginginging1.Where is James?He _ with his brother.A.runs B.will run C.is running2.

46、Who _ in the next room?Mary is.A.is singing B.is sing C.sings 3.Jimmy _ for a holiday tomorrow.A.is leaving B.leaves C.left4.Look at the children over thereWhat _？A is he doing Bare they doing Cthey are doing5.Look!The boy students are _ football while the girls are _.A.playing,dance B.playing,danci

47、ng C.play,dancing 6.Mr.Smith _ short stories,but he _ a TV play these days.A.is writing,is writing B.is writing,writes C.writes,is writing 7.I _ to the cinema.I _ there every Sunday.A.go.go B.am going,go C.go.am going用法用法例句例句我叔叔来看我的时候我正在做作业我叔叔来看我的时候我正在做作业.I _ my homework when my uncle came to see me

48、.was doing 主主+was/were+V-ing表示过去某时表示过去某时正在进行的状正在进行的状态或动作态或动作.1.The last time I _ Jane she _ cotton in the fields.A.see,was picking B.saw,picked C.saw,was picking 2.I don t think Jim saw me;he _ into space.A.just stared B.was just staring C.has just stared 3.I first met Lisa three years ago.She _ at

49、a radio shop at the time.A.has worked B.was working C.had been working4.-Hey,watch the flowers!-Oh,I m terribly sorry._.A.I m not noticing B.I wasn t noticing C.I don t notice 5.The reporter said that the UFO _ east to west when he saw it.A.was traveling B.traveled C.was to travel 6.I _ my breakfast

50、 when the morning post came.A.had B.was having C.have been having 用法用法例句例句表示过去发生表示过去发生的动作对现在的动作对现在造成的影响造成的影响.1.I _ lunch yet.I am so hungry.A.havent had B.have had C.didnt have2.She asks me for money.She _ her purse at home.A.had left B.has left C.left表示过去开始表示过去开始的动作一直延的动作一直延伸到现在伸到现在,还还有可能继续下有可能继续下去