高考一轮复习非谓语动词课件.ppt

1、广东惠阳高级中学 李永祥 非谓语动词非谓语动词（狭义）（狭义）不定式不定式分词分词(过分和现分过分和现分)动名词动名词不定式做宾语不定式做宾语,状语与作定语状语与作定语.与及与及 不定式的时态不定式的时态和和否定形式否定形式。不定式不定式1.不定式的不定式的作用作用.2.不定式的不定式的时态时态.3.不定式的不定式的否定形式否定形式.不定式1:不定式的作用例例1:1:There is a man at the reception desk There is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he who s

2、eems very angry and I think he means_trouble.means_trouble.A:making B.to make A:making B.to make C.to have made D.having made C.to have made D.having madeB析英语中有一些动词英语中有一些动词 后可以跟不定式做宾后可以跟不定式做宾语语,如如,agree,decide,hope,agree,decide,hope,want,fail,arrange,pretend.want,fail,arrange,pretend.等等 1:不定式的作用不定式的

3、作用例例2:The news reporters hurried to 2:The news reporters hurried to the airport,only _the film stars the airport,only _the film stars had left.had left.A:to tell B:to be told A:to tell B:to be told C C:telling D:telling D:told toldB不定式例例3:European football is played in 80 3:European football is play

4、ed in 80 countries,_it the most popular sport countries,_it the most popular sport in the world.in the world.A.making B.makes C.made D.to makeA.making B.makes C.made D.to makeA高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)此此2 2题题为非谓语动词作结果状语，这类分为非谓语动词作结果状语，这类分词短语常放在句子的后面词短语常放在句子的后面,ing,ing表示顺其自表示顺其自然，不定式

5、表示突然，出乎意料。如：然，不定式表示突然，出乎意料。如：1 1:His wife died in 1962His wife died in 1962,_ _him him with three childrenwith three children.(Leave)(Leave)2 2:He hurried to the school,He hurried to the school,_nobody there._nobody there.(find)(find)析leavingleavingonly to findonly to find高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习

6、 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)不定式1:不定式的作用:例例4 4:She was always the first person _.She was always the first person _.A:to come B:coming C:comes D:cameA:to come B:coming C:comes D:cameA析析当名词被当名词被first,second,next,last,only等词等词修饰时修饰时,其后常用动词不定式作定语其后常用动词不定式作定语.且且作作定语定语的不定式不含有将来意义的不定式不含有将来意义,却含表过去意义却含表过去意义.eg;1:I arrive

7、d first.The next to come was Tom.2:Hes the only person to know the truth.高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)例例1:I should love _ to the party last 1:I should love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.finish a report.A

8、.to go B.having gone A.to go B.having gone C.going D.to have gone C.going D.to have gone不定式不定式2:不定式的时态不定式的时态D析would love(like)towould love(like)to 是固定搭配是固定搭配,因因此此B B、C C、不合题意、不合题意.Should loveShould love+不定不定式一般式式一般式，表示表示“想，希望想，希望”，而接而接不不定式完成式定式完成式则表示则表示“原本希望，而未曾原本希望，而未曾实现实现”的意思的意思。高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张P

9、PT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)不定式不定式例例2:2:You were silly You were silly not _your car.not _your car.A:to lock B:to have locked A:to lock B:to have locked C:locking D:having locked C:locking D:having lockedB解析解析动词不定式的完成式动词不定式的完成式,是是对过对过去发生的事或过去没有实现的去发生的事或过去没有实现的期待或计划期待或计划的一种叙述的一种叙述.2:不定式的时态不定式的时态高考一轮复习 非谓语

10、动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)不定式不定式3:不定式的否定形式不定式的否定形式.例例1:He warned his younger brother _ the door.A:not to open B:to not open C:to open not D:not open要注意要注意warn后跟词方式后跟词方式warn sb.warn sb.(not)to do sth.(not)to do sth.warn sbwarn sb.against doing sthagainst doing sth.该题应该用该题应该用结构结构,此外此外notnot应放在应放

11、在toto之前之前A析析高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)分分 词词1.作作定语定语2.作作表语表语3.作作宾补宾补4.作作状语状语高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)1:1:作定语作定语例例:1:1Linda worked for the Minnesota Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining company,Manufacturing and Mining company,_as 3M._as 3M.A:knowing

12、 B:A:knowing B:knownknown C:being knownC:being known D:D:to be knownto be knownB答案是答案是B.known as 3M=B.known as 3M=which was known as 3M.which was known as 3M.过去过去 分词做定语与其所修饰名词在逻辑上分词做定语与其所修饰名词在逻辑上有被动关系有被动关系,表示动作的被动或完成表示动作的被动或完成。Eg:Eg:析析高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)过去分词过去分词 现在分词的被动语态作定语现在

13、分词的被动语态作定语,表示分词的动作表示分词的动作正在发生正在发生.不定式不定式的被动语态的被动语态作定语作定语,表示将要发生的动作。表示将要发生的动作。The house built last year is a hospital The house built last year is a hospital now.now.The house being built now will be a The house being built now will be a hospital.hospital.The house to be built next year will The hous

14、e to be built next year will be a hospital.be a hospital.which waswhich iswhich is析析高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)过去分词过去分词2:2:作表语作表语例例1:1:Sarah,hurry up!I am afraid you Sarah,hurry up!I am afraid you wont have time to _before the party.wont have time to _before the party.A:get changed B:

15、get change A:get changed B:get change C:get changing D:get to changeC:get changing D:get to changeA此题此题考查过去分词作表语的用法考查过去分词作表语的用法,getget是连系动词是连系动词 类似的有类似的有:get paid,get paid,get burnt,get burnt,get hurtget hurt,getget woundedwounded,get married,get washedget married,get washed(洗脸洗脸).).析析高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共

16、36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)过去分词过去分词3:作宾补例例 (NMET2000)(NMET2000)The managers The managers discussed discussed the planthe plan that they would that they would like tolike to see see _ the next year._ the next year.A.carry out B.carrying out A.carry out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to carry out C.c

17、arried out D.to carry outCThe planThe plan 与carry outcarry out 的关系是被动关系.See sth.done 这结构常见的还有watch,notice,observe,have和(make)sth.done.析析高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)例例1 1_by terrorists,the tall building _by terrorists,the tall building collapsed.collapsed.A:Attacking B:Having been attac

18、ked A:Attacking B:Having been attacked C:Attacked D:Attack C:Attacked D:Attack过去分词过去分词现在分词的完成被动式只作状语现在分词的完成被动式只作状语,且能为过去分且能为过去分词所替代词所替代.并可转换成状语从句并可转换成状语从句.析析例例2:Having done his homework,he Having done his homework,he went to bedwent to bed.=_he_ his homework,he went to bed.B4:作状语作状语After_had done现在分

19、词形式现在分词形式1.作作状语状语2.作作宾补宾补现在分词的形式现在分词的形式例例 _the program,they have to stay the program,they have to stay there for another two weeksthere for another two weeks.A:Not completing A:Not completing B:Not completed B:Not completed C:Not having completed C:Not having completed D:Having not completed D:Havin

20、g not completedC当动词动作发生在后,用分词完成式,否定词not 要前置.如例.1:作状语解析现在分词的形式现在分词的形式2:作宾补 例例:The old farmer had his leg _but he:The old farmer had his leg _but he had his tractors _day and night.had his tractors _day and night.A.A.hurting;working B.hurting;workedhurting;working B.hurting;workedC.hurt;working D.hurt

21、;workedC.hurt;working D.hurt;worked have sth done.leg have sth done.leg和补足语hurt应是被动的，故用过去分词,havehave sth/sbsth/sb doingdoing,宾语与补足语的关系是主动的，要用现在分词表示动作持续.析析C动名词的形式动名词的形式1.作作主语主语2.作作宾语宾语1.动名词作主语动名词作主语1）名词直接放在句首作主语。例如：名词直接放在句首作主语。例如：Seeing is believing.眼见为实眼见为实2）动名词在动名词在“It is no use/no good/fun/a waste

22、 of time/a good pleasure 等名词等名词+doing”结构中作主语，结构中作主语，it为形式主语。例如：为形式主语。例如：It is no good writing to him;he never answers letters.写信给他不妥，他从来不回信。写信给他不妥，他从来不回信。3）动名词在动名词在“It is useless/nice/good/interesting/worthwhile 等形容词等形容词+doing”结结构中作主语。例如：构中作主语。例如：It is good playing chess after supper.晚饭后下棋挺好。晚饭后下棋挺好

23、。4）动名词在动名词在“There is(was)no+doing”结构结构中作主语。例如：中作主语。例如：There is no telling what he is going to do.他要做什么一点消息都没有。他要做什么一点消息都没有。1.Its no good _ over split milk.A.to cry B.crying C.cried D.cry2.It is no use _ without through _.A.to read;understood B.reading;understanding C.to read;understand D.read;to und

24、erstand3._ provides us with essential nutrients(营养营养),while_provides us with oxygen.A.To eat;breathing B.Eating;to breathe C.Eating;breathing D.Eaten;breathed-What made him so happy?-_ theentranceexaminationBecause of passing B.Because he passedC.Having been passed D.Having passed2.动名词作宾语动名词作宾语1）有些动

25、词后面要求跟动名词作宾语。常有些动词后面要求跟动名词作宾语。常这样用的动词有：这样用的动词有：admit 承认承认；excuse 原谅原谅；practise 练习；练习；appreciate 欣赏；欣赏；finish 完成；完成；prevent 防止；防止；avoid 避免；避免；forbid 禁止；禁止；consider 考虑；考虑；forgive 宽恕；宽恕；delay 耽搁；耽搁；imagine 想象；想象；deny 否认；否认；involve 涉及；涉及；resist 抵制；抵制；keep 保留；保留；risk 冒险；冒险；mind 在意；在意；save 挽挽救；救；suggest 建

26、议；建议；enjoy 喜欢；喜欢；escape 逃避；逃避；高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)2）有些动词短语后也要求跟动名词作宾语。常这样有些动词短语后也要求跟动名词作宾语。常这样用的动词短语有：用的动词短语有：cant stand 忍不住；忍不住；cant help 忍不住；忍不住；feel like 想欲；想欲；give up 放弃；放弃；put off 推迟推迟例如：例如：Do you feel like taking a walk?你要不要去散步？你要不要去散步？3）动名词动名词常跟在介词或介词短语后做宾语常跟在介词或介词短语后做宾语

27、。常这样。常这样用的介词短语有：用的介词短语有：instead of,look forward to,object to,keep on,see about 等。等。例如：例如：We are looking forward to coming to China.我们期待着来中国。我们期待着来中国。高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)4）在在“have difficulty(trouble,problem,a hard time,fun,a good time)(+in)+动名词动名词；be busy(in)+动名词；动名词；waste time(

28、in)+动动名词；名词；lost time(in)+动名词；动名词；There is no point(in)+动名词动名词”等结构中，动名词做介等结构中，动名词做介词宾语，词宾语，in常要省去。常要省去。例如：例如：The children are busy doing their homework.孩子们忙于做作业。孩子们忙于做作业。高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)What caused the party to be put off?_ the invitations.A.Tom delayed sending B.Toms delay

29、ingsending C.Tom delaying to send D.Tom delayed to send I am busy _ for the entrance examination,so I cant help _ housework at home.A.preparing;doing B.preparing;to do C.to prepare;doing D.to prepare;to do.He devoted his life to _the atomictheory.A.study B.be studied C.studying D.have studiedWhat wo

30、rried the child most was _ to visit his mother in the hospital.his not allowing B.his not being allowedC.his being allowed D.having not been allowed高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)常用的结构常用的结构1.1.名词名词/主格代词主格代词+that+that从句从句2.2.名词名词/主格代词主格代词+过分或现分过分或现分3.3.名词名词/主格代词主格代词+不定式不定式4.4.名词名词/主格代词主格代词

31、+形容词形容词5.5.名词名词/主格代词主格代词+介词短语介词短语/副词副词6.There/It(6.There/It(等等)+being+)+being+名词名词 （独（独立主格）立主格）高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)例1:The speech_,a lively discussion started.A:being delivered B:was delivered A:being delivered B:was delivered C:be delivered D:having been deliveredC:be delivered

32、 D:having been deliveredD析析独立主格结构的特征是独立主格结构的特征是,句子句子的主语不是它的逻辑主语的主语不是它的逻辑主语.deliver a speech:deliver a speech:作演讲作演讲高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)比较:1:His homework_,he went to bed.1:His homework_,he went to bed.A3:_his homework,he went to bed.3:_his homework,he went to bed.B2:With his hom

33、ework_,he 2:With his homework_,he went to bed.went to bed.AA:done B:Having done A:done B:Having done C:do D:had done C:do D:had done4:After he_his homework,he 4:After he_his homework,he went to bed.went to bed.D D高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)Exe

34、rcises:Chinese translationn1.He gave us some advice on how_ English well.n A.learning B.learned n C.to learn D.learn高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)Exercises:Chinese translationn:The flowers_sweet in the garden attract many visitors.nA:to smell B:smelling n C:smelt D:to be smelt 高考一轮复习 非谓语

35、动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)Exercises:Chinese translationnToday some childrens actions get parents_.n A:worried B:to worryn C:worrying D:worry高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)Exercises:Chinese translationn3.Our father often told us that _is believing.n A:to see B:seeing n C:see D:to be seen高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)高考一轮复习 非谓语动词(共36张PPT)