高考阅读专项技巧之细节理解题(共30张)课件.ppt

1、Welcome to my class高考阅读专题复习 高考阅读专项技巧之细节理解题高考阅读专项技巧之细节理解题Reading comprehension交流交流&展示展示组内核对课前练习答案并展示组内核对课前练习答案并展示完成的思维导图（完成的思维导图（Mind map）；）；讲解自己的解题思路。讲解自己的解题思路。这些题考查什么样的能力呢？这些题考查什么样的能力呢？英语阅读理解涉及英语阅读理解涉及应用文、应用文、记叙文记叙文、说明文、议论文说明文、议论文等篇章等篇章,“考试说明考试说明”中明确提出阅读考查的是以下阅读能力：中明确提出阅读考查的是以下阅读能力：1）理解主旨和要义）理解主旨和要

2、义(main idea)2）理解文中具体信息）理解文中具体信息(detailed information)3）根据上下文猜测生词和短语的词义）根据上下文猜测生词和短语的词义(guess)4）作出判断和推理）作出判断和推理(inference)5）理解文章的基本结构）理解文章的基本结构(structure)6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度）理解作者的意图、观点和态度(intention/attitude)4一、阅读理解主要题型一、阅读理解主要题型事实细节题（事实细节题（the detail question)the detail question)推理判断题推理判断题(the Inference

3、Question)(the Inference Question)主旨大意题主旨大意题(The Title/main idea Question)(The Title/main idea Question)词义猜测题词义猜测题(Words in the Context)(Words in the Context)5What does the underlined word“It”in Paragraph 3 refer to?What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?It is implied in Paragraph 1 that_Who can apply to u

4、se the computer rooms?/Which of the following is true?高考快递解读研究天津高考阅读理解事实细节题统计天津高考阅读理解事实细节题统计纵观近五年高考，可以看出纵观近五年高考，可以看出_的考查所占比例一直维的考查所占比例一直维持在持在50%左右左右.细节理解题就是对文章中的特定细节或具体事实进行细节理解题就是对文章中的特定细节或具体事实进行判断和认定的题。判断和认定的题。细节理解题细节理解题高考英语阅读理解题设题比列细节题占比重最细节题占比重最大，证明这种题大，证明这种题型的型的重要性重要性。Learning aims Find out and

5、summarize the skills in doing reading comprehensionquestions of details Learn and apply the skills in doing exercise Improve the ability to judge and deal with the information二、历年高考阅读理解细节题常见设题二、历年高考阅读理解细节题常见设题方式方式1.What should group member first do early in the problem-solving process?（18年天津卷，春）2.Wh

6、y did Keisha take her English notebook along?（18年天津卷，春）3.Who was the organization founded for?（17年天津卷，春）4.How does Intensive Course differ from Standard Course?（2016年天津，A）5 When can you see a play in Hebrew?（2017年全国课标II,A）6.Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?(17年课标全国I）事件因果人物方式地点W

7、h-问题9时间7.Which of the following is true according to the passage?（16福建，A）8.How much should you pay if you make a 12-month subscription to KOKNOW with gift pack from China?（17年北京卷，B）二、历年高考阅读理解细节题常见设题二、历年高考阅读理解细节题常见设题方式方式10T/F 问题计算 问题第一步：略读题干(Skimming)首先，快速浏览每道试题的题干(即问题)。第二步：通读全文(Scanning)浏览了题干与选项之后，要

8、带着“问题”通读全文。第三步：研读攻关(Close-reading)注意对信息进行注意对信息进行综合分析综合分析，分清主次、真分清主次、真伪伪，避免受信息的干扰，陷入高考题所设下的，避免受信息的干扰，陷入高考题所设下的“陷阱陷阱”，学会，学会“排除排除”干扰项。干扰项。自主学习自主学习自主完成以下练习并思考细节理解题的自主完成以下练习并思考细节理解题的考查题型考查题型.合作探究合作探究组内核对答案，并讨论：组内核对答案，并讨论：1.你是如何得出正确答案的（正确选你是如何得出正确答案的（正确选项有何特征）？项有何特征）？2.你是如何排除干扰项的（干扰项有你是如何排除干扰项的（干扰项有何特征）？何

9、特征）？3.细节理解题的解题过程和技巧有什细节理解题的解题过程和技巧有什么？么？Reading material 137.When can a student attend Standard Course?A.13:00-14:30 Monday.B.9:00-12:30 Tuesday C.13:00-14:30 Friday.D.9:00-12:30 Saturday.2016天津天津,A Our Intensive Course builds on our Standard Course,with 10 additional lessons per week,guaranteeing t

10、he fastest possible language learning(see table below).表格理解表格理解Reading material 22013课标课标I,D TheNationalGalleryistheBritishnationalartmuseumbuiltonthenorthsideofEuropeanartrangingfrom13th-centuryreligiouspaintingstomoremodernonesbyRenoirandVanGogh.Theoldercollectionsofthegalleryarereachedthroughthem

11、ainentrancewhilethemoremodernworksintheEastWingaremosteasilyreachedfromTrafalgarSquarebyagroundfloorentrance Layout:ThemodernSainsburyWingonthewesternsideofthebuileinghouses13th-to15th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeDuccio,Uccello,VanEyck,Lippi,Mantegna,BotticelliandMemling.68Inwhichcenturyscolle

12、ctioncanyouseereligiouspaintings?AThe13th BThe17th CThe15th DThe20th直接信息题直接信息题Reading material 32018天津春，天津春，D The more people getting involved in solving it,the more knowledge there is to work on it.Research shows that the traditional brainstorming methods fail to achieve that goal.When groups get t

13、ogether to exchange ideas,they actually come up with fewer ideas overall than if they each had worked alone.51Research shows that the traditional brainstorming methods _.Aactually limit group creativityBgreatly encourage group creativity.Cenable people to form more ideas togetherDprevent peoples inv

14、olvement in the problems语义转换题语义转换题同义替换同义替换无中生有无中生有无中生有无中生有曲解文意曲解文意Reading material 4 2018天津春天津春 The essential principle of group creativity is that individuals working alone diverge,whereas group members working together converge.In groups,once a member states a potential solution,that makes others

15、think about the problem similarly.That is why groups working together diverge less than individuals working alone.52According to Para.4,when a member presents an idea,others tend to _.Athink the other way roundBfollow his way of thinkingCbe more confident in their own ideasDbe less willing to share

16、their own ideas语义转换语义转换同义转换同义转换信息不符信息不符无中生有无中生有偷换概念偷换概念Reading material 52018全国卷，全国卷，C Atpresent,theworldhasabout6800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeoplewhilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumb

17、ers.Europehasonlyaround200Languages:theAmericasabout1,000.Africa2400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6.000,whichmeansthathalftheworldslanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6

18、,000peopleatpresent?A.About6800 B.About3400 C.About2 400 D.About1 200数字计算题数字计算题Reading material 62015四川，四川，C Now,thenewstudyhasshownthatiftheywerepaidfortheirparentallabours,theywouldearnasmuchas 172,000ayear.Thestudylookedattherangeofjobsmothersdo,aswellasthehourstheyareworking,todeterminethefigure

19、.Thiswouldmaketheiryearlyincome30，000morethanthePrimeMinister earns.38.HowmuchwouldamotherearnayearifworkingasthePrimeMinister?A.30,000.B.142,000.C.172,000.D.202,000.数字计算题数字计算题Reading material 7 Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things.A person who eats such food can get an illness called fo

20、od poisoning.Food poisoning is usually not serious,but some types are deadly.The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.Fever is one of the most common symptoms.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.Food when poisoned can make people sick.B.Food p

21、oisoning means death.C.Food poisoning comes in varieties.D.Food poisoning can be serious.以偏概全以偏概全是非题是非题替换关键词替换关键词（近义词（近义词/词词性变化）性变化）正确选项特征正确选项特征语言简化语言简化/总结归纳总结归纳原文呈现原文呈现干扰项的特点与概况：（事实细节题的考点）1.是原文信息，但故意增加或减少细节。2.将一些看起来似一样的概念进行偷换，实际上改变了概念的修饰语、适用范围、所指对象等具体内涵。3.干扰项的内容常涉及原文中提及的一些内容或现象，但选项的意思可能与原文恰恰相反或与文中事

22、实不符。4.明显不是文章的信息，与文中事实不符。5.是原文信息，但不是题干要求的内容。扩大（缩小）扩大（缩小）范围范围偷换概念偷换概念信息不符信息不符无中生有无中生有文不对题文不对题22天津天津近几年高考，阅读考查难度增加的近几年高考，阅读考查难度增加的具体表现：具体表现：1.答案跨段落搜索答案跨段落搜索。2.题目信息与原文信息题目信息与原文信息表达方式不一致表达方式不一致。3.需将几个信息需将几个信息综合归纳综合归纳才能得出答案。才能得出答案。24技巧运用：细节题解题流程图技巧运用：细节题解题流程图+定位词定位词+错误选项特征（排除法）错误选项特征（排除法）36.You need to lo

23、ok beyond the course title because courses with similar names may be _.A.creativity-focused B.work-relatedC.far different D.quite similar37.What are you advised to do if your interest disagrees with your future career?A.Add preferred subjects to your degree courses.B.B.Choose the subjects based on y

24、our interest.C.Earn different degrees.D.Give up your interest.38.What do we learn about from Para.4?A.Disadvantages of studying on campus.B.Reasons for choosing where to study.C.Importance of attending a nearby college.D.Problems of going to a faraway university.A.39.Why is it recommended to check i

25、ndependent reports?B.A.To increase applicants interest.B.To better understand a course.C.To figure out how to complete a course.D.To find out how different the courses are.40.On the open days,would-be college students can _.A.sign up for a particular course B.take a guided tour on the campusC.see wh

26、ether there is a substitute course D.have a first-hand experience of a course 1、Build up your vocabulary 2、Practise reading everyday in limited time.3、Adopt proper strategies in doing exercise 四、四、有效的英语阅读理解训练建议有效的英语阅读理解训练建议:some suggestions for you:Vocabulary Vocabulary mattersmattersApply Apply reading reading strategies strategies wiselywiselyAssignment 作业作业 1.根据所学内容，为练习的文章设计3个细节理解题（文章见学案）。2.尝试在学习过程中总结主旨大意题和词义猜测题的解题技巧。