高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词课件.pptx

1、005-2020高中英语语法复习之介词用适当的介词填空1Our opinions on language learning differ greatly each others in that aspect.我们之间关于学习语言的观点,在这个方面互不相同。2Our teacher often asks us to retell stories our own words.3Ive promised to keep it secret，so I cant really tell you anything what you know already.4 time passing by，they h

2、ave grown into big boys and big girls.5What was the cause the fire?1Our opinions on language learning differ greatly from each others in that aspect.我们之间关于学习语言的观点,在这个方面互不相同。2Our teacher often asks us to retell stories in our own words.3Ive promised to keep it secret，so I cant really tell you anythin

3、g except what you know already.4As time passing by，they have grown into big boys and big girls.5What was the cause of the fire?介词和介词短语的考查要点 介词是虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、代词(或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等)构成介词短语，在句中充当一个成分。介词分为：简单介词 at，in，for合成介词 within，inside，onto，throughout等；短语介词 according to，out of，because of，by means

4、 of，in spite of，instead of 双重介词 from behind/above/under，until after等；分词介词 considering，including，judging(from/by)等。介词搭配1.动词介词 rob sb.of sth./clear the road of snow 夺去、除去的动词与of 连用supply us with food/fill the glass with wine供给的动词与with连用make a desk of wood/make bread from flour/make the material into a

5、coat 制作、制造的动词与of，from，into连用介词the部位与动词的关系(动词sb.s部位，可换用)strike him on the head(表示“击；拍；碰；摸”的动词与on连用)catch him by the arm(表示“抓；拉；拿；扯”的动词与by连用)hit the boy in the face(表示“肚；胸；眼；脸”人体前部器官与in连用)prevent(stop，keep)sb.from doing sth.(表示“阻止，禁止”意义的动词与from连用)persuade(advise，warn)sb.into doing sth.(表示“说服；建议；警告”意义的

6、动词与into连用)buy(leave，get，win，gain，lose)sth.for sb.(表示“得失”意义的动词与for连用)tell(show，teach，sing，write，read)sth.to sb.(表示“告知”意义的动词与to连用)give(allow，promise，pass，hand)sth.to sb.(表示“授予”意义的动词与to连用)注意：可换成buy sb.sth.，tell sb.sth.，give sb.sth.双宾结构。say to sb.(suggest，explain，apologize，murmur，whisper与“对象”连用必须用to)不可说

7、suggest sb.sth.(2)同一介词与不同动词搭配，意义各异reply to the letter回信，sing(dance)to the music和唱(跳)，amount to 达到，加起来有，devote to把贡献给，drink to为干杯，object to反对，look forward to 渴望，come to苏醒，belong to属于，search for搜，ask for请求，use.for用作，leave for前往，take.for误以为，call for要求，wait for等待，care for喜欢，make up for弥补损失，turn to求助/救于，

8、help oneself to随意，agree to同意，compare.to把比作，send for派人去请/拿，sail for驶向，起航，set out for动身去，go in for爱好2.形容词介词worthy of值得的，glad about sth.for sb.为某人某事高兴，far from离远，grateful to sb.for sth.为某事感激某人，free from没有/免除，proud of/take pride in自豪，satisfied with/by满意，sure of/about确信，fond of喜欢，fit for适合，busy with sth.

9、/in doing sth.忙着干某事，full of充满，ready for准备，similar to相似，wrong with不对；有毛病高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件3.名词介词the absence of waterhave a chance of/for entering collegethe hope of successtake pride in themthe key to the questiona medical for coughhis absence in Beijing 去了北京his absence fr

10、om Beijing 不在北京the way to study The way of studying maths高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件1.表示时间的 in表示在某一较长时间内，如世纪、年、季、月、周等，用inin the 1990s，in the year，in January，in(the)winter/summer/fall/spring，in the first week of May。还可以用时段名词组成固定短语或词组in a while，in no time，in the daytime，in a short w

11、hile，in time，in the morning(afternoon，evening)注意：at night/at noon，in the day(在白天)，in the night(在夜间)in five days(weeks，months，years)中,in 在以后 高考高频介词高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件2.在具体的某一天或某天上午、晚上、前夕，用onon Sunday(s)，on Tuesday morningon Christmas Day(但at Christmas)，on Christmas Eve，on C

12、hildrens Day,on March 8，on the morning(afternoon，evening)of Oct.1,early on the morning of Oct.1区别：in the late/early morning of Oct.1 on a rainy night，on warm winter days高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件3.till，untiltill(until)肯定句中与持续动词连用,否定句中与短暂动词连用He waited for me till twelve oclock.He

13、didnt get up till(until)10 a.m.(不可用to)注意：在句首出现或强调句型中一般不用till而用untilNot until 9 a.m.did Mr.Smith come back to school.高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件4.表示某一时刻或某一点时间用atat breakfast(supper，lunch)，at six,at noon(sunrise，sunset，midday，night，midnight，dawn),at the age of 15，at the time of war但

14、in time of danger/trouble注意：有些时间名词前不接介词next day，last Sunday，that morning，these yearsone，each，any，every，some,all修饰时，一般不用介词some day，one day，all afternoon高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件5.in，later，afterin一段时间：表示说话时为起点一段时间之后，与一般将来时连用；但表示“在之内”时，用于各种时态。How soon.?一段时间later(later是副词)：表示某一具体时间或

15、某一方面具体时间算起的一段时间后。Later on,three days laterafter一段时间：表示“在之后”，用于一般过去时；但时间为点时间时，只能用after，即after点时间，用于各种时态The doctor will be with us in six minutes.How soon will he be with us?高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件6.during 在.期间She graduated in 1981，and eight years later she became the manager of

16、 the factory.He received her letter after four weeks.另外，in一段时间stime与within一段时间的用法如下in a weeks timein a weekThey will arrive in three days time.(与将来时连用)My brothers birthday is in two weeks time.(作表语)Ill finish the book within two weeks.(withinin less than.用于各种时态，意为“不超出，在之内”)高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英

17、语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件7.地点介词 at，on，in，to，off，across，through，over，above，under，belowThey saw a ship about three kilos off the seashore.at 在较小的场所，in在较大的场所，on在的平面上at the door，at the airport，at the station，at 55 Park Street，in China，in the north，in Asia，on the desk，on the wallon，at，in，off还可以表示两地的相对位置。若A属于B

18、，用in；A位于B的外面且有边缘衔接，用on；无边缘衔接用to；A在B附近，用offJapan lies to the east of China.(范围之外)Taiwan lies in the southeast of China.(范围之内)Hunan Province lies on the west of Hubei Province.(毗邻)The island lies off the coast of China.(相隔一定距离)高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件across在物体表面“穿过”through则表示在三维空

19、间内部“穿过”They walked across the playground.I walked through the forest.over，above 在之上；under，below 在的下面，区别在于over，under直接垂直的上下关系而above，below则表示一般的“高于”或“低于”，不一定垂直A little boat is now under the bridge.There is a bridge over the river.The sun sinks below the horizon(地平线)The window is well above the tree.高考

20、英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件8.表示方式、手段、工具的介词by the year/hour/day按年/小时/天He rents a house by the year(day，hour)按bythe单位名称，但to the pound按磅算，to the ton按吨计表泛指的方式、手段by post/mail 邮寄，by telephone(radio)但on the phone/on the radio/on TV=overby electricity用电，by machinery用电器，by hard work，learn st

21、h.by heart，through the satellite，through practice，through his own efforts，through experience，through the telescope高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件交通工具类by bus/train/car/taxi,by bike/bicycle，on horseback/foot,by plane/jet/spaceship/air,by ship/boat/lifeboat/sea/water另外：by means of 用方法，by

22、 way of 经由，取道于；用方法，with the help(permission)of sb./with sb.s help(permission)表方式、手段的其他用法He beat the dog with a stick.(with工具/机器)Strike while the iron is hot.One smells with his nose.(with人体器官，但by hand手工，用手)He stood up with pride.(with情绪、情感、态度的名词)高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件注意：使用语言、

23、材料、文字等用inin English(ink，pencilin high(good，low)spirits，in anger，in joy，in comfort，in sorrow，sorry，in safety，in danger，in need，in debt，in love，in fun，in pain，in tears，in surprise，in good(poor)health，in good order，in flower，in a way，in a low voice，in silence，in(with)satisfaction，in a hurry，in(with)wor

24、ds，live/feed on food，kneel on ones knees，take(catch)sb.by surprise高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件9.表示“除之外”的常用词 besides 除以外(还有)。作副词时意思是“而且，更何况”We all went to the cinema besides Shaw.It was too late to see a film，and besides，I was tired.except除去，除之外(不再有)We all went except John.在否定句中，两词可

25、以换用 He has no other hats except/besides this one.except for除了(对句子主题进行细节校正或附加说明)，后接名词、代词或what从句，此时与“except that句子”意思相同He was very clever except for carelessness.except that.除了一点以外He has not changed except that he is wearing dark glasses.He has not changed except for his wearing dark glasses.高考英语二轮复习课

26、件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件but与exceptbut和except在表示“除了以外”时可以通用，但应注意以下三点：(A)前面有不定代词、疑问代词在意义上对称时，多用butAll but one are here.Nobody but I likes making model ships.(B)后接不定式短语为排除对象时，多用butHe has nothing to do but wait.(前有do，后省to)(C)but与一些固定结构连用have no choice but to do sth.只得做某事，can not but do sth.

27、不得不can not help but do sth.不得不，but for.若不是高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件10.between与amongbetween通常指两者之间，也可以用于三者或三者以上的每两者之间的相互关系Ann is between Tom and Bill.Switzerland lies between France，Germany，Austria and Italy.They soon finished the work between themselves.(共同，合作)She was busy betwe

28、en cooking，washing，sewing and looking after the baby.(表示接连不断地，一个接一个地忙这忙那)A horse can be seen between trees now.among表示三者以上之间The story is said to have happened in a village among the hills.He was happy to be among friends again.We must agree among ourselves.(一起，共同)London is among the largest cities.(

29、one of与最高级连用)高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件11.表原因的介词for，because of，due toHe didnt come to the meeting because of his illness.The reason for his coming late is that he was ill.He was praised for his bravery and courage.The accident is due to your careless driving.高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质

30、课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件12.不定式复合结构中的for，ofIt is clever of you to answer it like that.It is quite hard for me to explain why.注意：两句中的of和for的使用，表语形容词能够说明不定式逻辑主语的性质、特征与面貌时用of，如果说明不定式行为本身的性质、状态等则用for13.兼作连词和副词的介词after，since，till/until，before这些词既是介词，又是连词The children went home at once after school.(介词)The

31、y went to bed after they had finished the job.(连词)高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件in，on，along，down，up，after，before，beyond等介词可兼作副词He ran down the hill.(介词)Can you lift that box down from the shelf for me？(副词)有的介词可以兼作连词和副词All the students got to school before me.(介词)We do want to buy som

32、ething now before prices go up.(连词)Havent I seen you before？(副词)高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件14.介词的省略Nothing can prevent me(from)doing the job.She spent nearly two hours(in)translating it.15.某些名词与介词构成的固定搭配要求接to的名词key，answer，visit，entrance，apology，introduction，roadThe key to success

33、is preparation.要求接in 的名词interest，satisfaction，expert比较：比较：expert,except,expect,escapeHe is an expert in teaching small children.高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件与out of搭配的常用短语out of date/time 过时/过期out of question 毫无疑问out of the question 没门/绝不可能out of shape 变形out of fashion 不流行out of ord

34、er 出了故障out of reach 遥不可及高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件“in名词of”常用搭配 in honor of 为纪念 in charge of 负责，掌管 in terms of 依据，根据 in praise of 赞扬 in favor of 支持，赞同 in need of 需要 in spite of 尽管高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件 与介词at搭配的常用短语 at no time 决不 at a time 一次/每次 at one time

35、一度/曾经 at times 不时地/有时 at ones request 应某人的要求 at a loss 不知所措高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件6.其他常考短语7.on behalf of 代表8.by chance/accident 偶然9.after all 毕竟，别忘了10.regardless of 不管，不顾11.on the whole 总的说来12.on the contrary 相反13.by contrast 相比之下高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件完

36、成句子1They were all (兴高采烈),for they had got another good harvest.2 (除了良好的服务),the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.3The lady has won the position in the end because she (比其他人有优势)of knowing many languages.4When she was in trouble,I did what I could to help her.(作为对我的帮助的回报),

37、she wrote me a letter of thanks.5There is something wrong with his throat;(结果),Alvin has to give up the singing competition.高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件1They were all (兴高采烈),for they had got another good harvest.2 (除了良好的服务),the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujia

38、n dishes.3The lady has won the position in the end because she (比其他人有优势)of knowing many languages.4When she was in trouble,I did what I could to help her.(作为对我的帮助的回报),she wrote me a letter of thanks.5There is something wrong with his throat;(结果),Alvin has to give up the singing competition.in high s

39、piritsApart from good servicehas advantage over othersIn return for my helpas a result 高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高频考点一：常见介词1(2017天津高考)When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California,you will be_ trees that are over 1,000 years old.Aamong Bagainst Cbehind Dbelow 2(2017北京高

40、考)Many people who live along the coast make a living_ fishing industry.Aat Bin Con Dby 3(2016浙江高考)The study suggests that the cultures we grow up _ influence the basic processes by which we see world around us.Aon Bin Cat Dabout高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件1(2017天津高考)When you drive

41、through the Redwood Forests in California,you will be_ trees that are over 1,000 years old.Aamong Bagainst Cbehind Dbelow当你开车穿过加州的红木森林时，你将会处于树龄超过1,000年的古树中。be among“处于之中”，符合语境。A 2(2017北京高考)Many people who live along the coast make a living_ fishing industry.Aat Bin Con Dby 许多住在海边的人都是靠渔业谋生的。此处用介词in，意

42、为“在方面”。make a living in fishing industry“在渔业方面谋生”。B 3(2016浙江高考)The study suggests that the cultures we grow up _ influence the basic processes by which we see world around us.Aon Bin Cat Dabout 研究表明我们成长的文化影响我们对周围世界的判断进程。we grow up in是定语从句，修饰cultures。in the culture“在这种文化下”。B高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英

43、语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高频考点二：介词短语4(2018江苏高考)Chinas soft power grows _ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.Ain line with Bin reply to Cin return forDin honour of 5(2017江苏高考)Determining where we are _ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.Ain contrast to

44、Bin defense ofCin face ofDin relation to高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件4(2018江苏高考)Chinas soft power grows _ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally.Ain line with Bin reply to Cin return forDin honour of 中国的软实力在增长，这与中国在全球范围内得到越来越多的欣赏和理解是一致的。in line with意为“与一致”，符

45、合语境。in reply to“回复，答复”；in return for“作为对的报答，回报”；in honour of“为了向表示敬意”。A5(2017江苏高考)Determining where we are _ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.Ain contrast toBin defense of Cin face of Din relation to 根据我们周围的环境来确定自己身在何处，这是我们生存的一项必不可少的技能。in relation to“与相关；涉及”，符合句意。in contr

46、ast to“与相比较”in defense of“防卫，为辩护”in face of“面对”D高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件6(2017天津高考)We offer an excellent education to our students._，we expect students to work hard.AOn average BAt best CIn return DAfter all7（2019天津）5._ all the problems,several of the players produced excellent

47、 performances.A.According to B.Instead ofC.In addition to D.In spite of高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件6(2017天津高考)We offer an excellent education to our students._，we expect students to work hard.AOn average BAt best CIn return DAfter all 我们给我们的学生提供优质的教育，作为回报，我们期待学生能努力学习。根据句意，这里用介词短语in

48、 return表示“作为回报”。on average“平均”；at best“充其量，至多”；after all“终究，毕竟”。C7（2019天津）5._ all the problems,several of the players produced excellent performances.A.According to B.Instead ofC.In addition to D.In spite of尽管存在所有这些问题，几个运动员还是表现很好。A.according to据(所说)；按(所报道)；B.instead of代替，作为的替换；C.in addition to另外，加之，

49、除之外；D.in spite of尽管，不管。前后形成让步关系，故选D。高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件8(2016浙江高考)That young man is honest,cooperative,always there when you need his help._，hes reliable.AOr else BIn short CBy the way DFor one thing9(2015浙江高考)Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes _ animals both

50、on land and sea?Aabout Bto Cwith Dover高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件高考英语二轮复习课件：专题五介词ppt优质课件8(2016浙江高考)That young man is honest,cooperative,always there when you need his help._，hes reliable.AOr else BIn short CBy the way DFor one thing 那个年轻人诚实而且善于合作，总是在你需要他帮忙的时候出现。简言之(in short)，他是值得信赖的。B9(2015浙江高考)Have you