Unit 2 Vocabulary II Grammar & Integrated skills & Extended reading词汇讲解（ppt课件）-2023新牛津译林版（2020）《高中英语》必修第二册.pptx

1、必修二 Unit 2 Vocabulary IIGrammar&Integrated skills&Extended reading 39 lack n.缺乏，匮乏，短缺 vt.&vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺His mistakes showed his education.他的种种错误显示出他缺乏教育。time ed me from writing to you.由于没有时间，我没能给你写信。Wrong opinions often information.错误的看法往往产生于不了解情况。Hard work can often ability.努力工作经常可以弥补能力的不足。lack既可以是

2、可数名词，也可以是不可数名词。前面有修饰词时用lack of，通常与a lack of 无太大区别。The city lacks a good library.这个城市缺少一个好图书馆。A desert lacks water.沙漠缺乏水。他缺钱。误 He is lack of money.正 He lacks money.析 lack不是形容词,不可说be lack of。他缺钱时间。误 He is lacking in moneytime.正 TimeMoney is lacking.析 lack in只能用于有关人、物、事本质上的性质缺乏,而不可用于时间和金钱。40 maintain v

3、t.维持；维修，保养 maintain a balance 保持平衡保持平衡 maintain discipline 维护纪律维护纪律maintain distance 保持距离保持距离 maintain ones family 供养家庭供养家庭Food is necessary to maintain life.食物是维持生命所必需的。How much does it cost to maintain this house?维修这栋房子需要多少钱?He maintained that he was not to be blamed.他坚持说他不应该受到责怪。She maintains tha

4、t the accusation is groundless.她坚持认为该指控是毫无根据的。He maintained the policy to be wrong.他坚持认为这个政策是错误的。坚持说（认为）41 announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知 其名词为？多用作及物动词,后接名词、代词或that/wh-从句作宾语,有时还可接以“to be/as+n./adj.”充当。Everyone was silent he announced of the competition.当他在宣布比赛获胜者时大家鸦雀无声。The government announced that they would

5、 pay for their debts.政府宣布愿意偿还债务。Have they announced when the race will begin?他们宣布比赛什么时候开始了吗?The government announced the danger past.政府宣布危险已经过去了。42 put the finishing touches to 对.进行最后润色或修饰(完成最后的细节完成最后的细节)类似短语：put a finishing touch to 对.作最后的润色；完成.的最后一部分工作43 update vt.使现代化，更新；向提供最新信息 n.最新消息 The data s

6、hould be updated once a week.这些数据应该每星期更新一次。This update corrects that potential error.此更新纠正了这一潜在错误。They decided to update the computer systems.他们决定更新计算机设备。adj.更新的；适时的更新的；适时的 update的过去式和过去分词。的过去式和过去分词。updated The updated record is displayed in the control.更新的记录显示在控件中。44 in response to 对作出反应；作为对的回复 Im

7、writing in response to the letter you wrote to me yesterday.昨天收到你的来信，写此信作为回复。（作状语）The product was developed in response to customer demand.这种产品这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。而开发的。v.回答；响应；反应respondI invited her to dinner but she did not respond.我请她吃晚饭，但她未作回答。The directors were unwilling to respond to q

8、uestions.董事们不愿意回答问题。45 replace vt.用替换；代替，取代；更换，更新 Nothing can replace a mothers love.The coach decided to replace player No.8 with No.3.什么都无法取代母爱。教练决定让3号替换8号。46 athlete n.运动员 The athlete is suffering from muscular strain.She will make a very good athlete.这名运动员正受肌肉劳损之苦。她将来会成为一名很好的运动员。47 boxing n.拳击运动

9、 I enjoyed all the sports with the exception of boxing.除了拳击，我喜欢所有的运动。boxing ring 拳赛场地,拳击场 boxing glove 拳击手套Paul will box his opponent tomorrow evening.Ill box your ears if you say that again.明晚保罗将和他的对手进行拳击比赛。如果你再说那样的话，我就打你的耳光。48 champion n.冠军，第一名在比赛中得第一名的人或动物、物品等,尤指体育项目比赛的冠军或锦标赛的优胜者。引申可作某一原则、运动等而奋斗的

10、“斗士”解,此时常与介词of或for连用。I dont know he was once a boxing champion.That writer is a great champion of the world peace.我不知道他曾是个拳击冠军。那位作家是世界和平的伟大斗士。championship n.锦标赛；冠军How did the team prepare for the team championship?She made her mark by winning a championship.你们的队伍是怎么准备这次锦标赛的？她获得冠军，一举成名。49 court n.球场；

11、法院，法庭；宫廷The court of King Solomon was famous for its splendor.The two players entered the court hand in hand.The defendant told the court that he had never seen the woman before.所罗门国王的宫廷以其华丽著称。两位运动员手拉手地进入球场。被告对法庭说他从未见过这位妇女。50 under the weather 略有不适，不舒服 adj.You look a bit under the weather.Dont distu

12、rb her.Shes feeling under the weather these days.unwell 不舒服的你看上去有点不舒服。别去打扰她。她这几天身体有点不舒服。51 plus conj.而且，此外 prep.加；和Two plus five is seven.二加五等于七。Weve got to fit five people plus all their luggage in the car.我们得在汽车里挤下五个人和全部行李。Their strength plus their spirit makes them formidable.Intelligence plus wi

13、t makes for an interesting person.他们的力量再加上勇气使得他们难于战胜。智慧加上机智就会造就一个有趣的人。plus 在上述例句中的词性是什么？52 nearby adj.附近的，邻近的 adv.在附近，不远He usually trades at the nearby supermarket.The whole village is up in arms about the proposal to build an airport nearby.他通常在附近的超市购物。全村强烈反对在附近修建机场的计划。53 gym n.体育馆；健身房；体育课 We go to

14、 play badminton in the nearest gym every Sunday.He often went to the gym to harden his muscles.You are supposed to wear sneakers in gym class.每个星期天我们都去最近的体育馆打羽毛球。他过去常到健身房锻炼肌肉。体育课上你应该穿运动鞋。54 partner n.搭档；同伴；伙伴；合伙人 v.同.合作；He has a competent partner who always organizes everything well for him.Gerry of

15、fered to partner me at tennis.他有个很能干的伙伴,总是替他把一切弄得井井有条。格里提出和我一起搭档打网球。vt.55 position n.处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位Can you find our position on this map?He was lying in a very uncomfortable position.She was a woman of high position.你能在这幅地图上找到我们的位置吗?她是一位地位很高的妇女。他以很不舒服的姿势躺着。56 hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑 hesitating adj.犹豫的；踌躇的

16、hesitation n.犹豫；踌躇There is no room for hesitation.没有犹豫的余地。Do not hesitate to tell us if you have a problem.你有问题就直截了当地告诉我们。She hesitated to hurt the childs feelings.她不想伤害孩子的感情。57 admit vt.&vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入 过去式:admitted 过去分词:admitted 现在分词:admitting n.admission 承认；入会费；许可Embassy security personnel ref

17、used to admit him or his wife.使馆保安人员拒绝让他或他的妻子进入。He made a terrible mistake,but he refused to admit it.他犯了一个严重的错误,可是他拒不承认。We have to admit that there is still room for improvement.我们不得不承认,在这方面有尚待改进的地方。He admitted taking the money but promised never to do it again.他承认拿了钱,但他保证再不干这样的事了。It is generally a

18、dmitted that he is a trustworthy person.大家一致公认他是个可信赖的人。Do they charge for admission?入场要收费吗?Admission to British universities depends on examination results.英国大学入学以考试成绩为凭。58 inspire vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)inspired adj.有灵感的，受鼓动的 inspiring adj.令人振奋的；激励人的；鼓舞人心的令人振奋的；激励人的；鼓舞人心的n.灵感；鼓舞人心(的东西)inspirationT

19、he failure inspired him to greater efforts.失败激发他作更大的努力。The memory of his mother inspired him to write his greatest poetry.他对母亲的怀念给了他灵感,从而创作出他最伟大的诗篇。I was inspired to work harder by his example.他的榜样激励我更加努力工作。59 explore vt.探究，探索；勘探，勘察 n.exploration The exploring team explored a trackless wilderness.Th

20、ey were exploring the Amazon jungle.We must explore all the possibilities.考察队勘探了一片人迹罕至的荒野。他们正对亚马逊森林进行勘察。我们必须探讨所有的可能性。60 crane n.鹤；起重机,吊车Jane craned her neck to look for her mother in the crowd.简伸长脖子张望，在人群中找她的母亲。The crane soared high into the sky.鹤展翅飞上云天。We used a crane to lift the huge box into the

21、backyard.我们使用起重机将这个大箱子搬进了后院。61 rooster n.雄鸡；狂妄自负的人狂妄自负的人Dont talk with him;he is a rooster.别理他，他太狂妄自负了。The rooster clawed a hole in the earth.那只公鸡在地上扒出个洞来。62 inspiration n.灵感；鼓舞人心的人（或事物）Many poets and artists have drawn their inspiration from nature.许多诗人和艺术家从大自然中获得他们的灵感。He was an inspiration to all

22、who knew him.他对所有认识他的人是一种鼓舞。drivedraw,get inspiration 获得灵感inspiration to 对的鼓舞63 nowadays adv.现今，现在Nowadays people like travelling on foot.Many shoes nowadays are made of plastic or similar stuff.nowadays的基本意思是“现在”“现时”,用于把现在的情况与过去的情况进行对比,含有强烈的感情色彩,一般不用于完成时态。nowadays在句中一般用作状语,可放在句首,也可放在句子中间或句末。nowaday

23、s有时也可放在名词之后作定语。现在人们喜欢徒步旅行。如今,许多鞋子是用塑料或类似的材料制成的。64 master n.大师，能手；主人 （硕士；专家硕士；专家）vt.精通，掌握；控制The dog remained faithful to his master.Can you be a master of yourself in learning?Its not easy to master a foreign language.Shes a Master of Arts.John has mastered riding his bicycle.这条狗始终忠于它的主人。你可以做自我学习上的主人

24、吗？掌握一门外语并不容易。她是文学硕士。约翰学会骑自行车。65 no wonder 不足为奇，并不奇怪（难怪；难怪；怪不得怪不得）No wonder you cant sleep when you eat so much.No wonder I can see many old name-brand shops here.No wonder the Chinese are said to be hospitable.怪不得，人们说中国人很好客。No wonder I mistook it as a tree fossil.怪不得，我以为它是古树的化石呢。no wonder that 不足为奇你

25、吃这么多，难怪睡不着。难怪，这里可以见到很多老字号店铺。66 imitate vt.模仿；仿效 n.模仿者imitatorTeachers provide a model for children to imitate.His handwriting is difficult to imitate.教师是孩子们仿效的典范。他的笔迹很难模仿。这两个例句中imitate是及物动词吗？67 ache vi.&n.疼痛，隐痛过去式:ached 过去分词:ached 现在分词:aching 第三人称单数:aches Youll make your back ache if you carry those

26、 heavy buckets.Muscular aches follow hard exercise.如果你背那些沉重的桶，你的背会痛的。Vi.剧烈运动之后肌肉会疼痛。n.68 satisfaction n.满意；满足，达到adj.感到满意的感到满意的adj.令人满意的令人满意的v.使满意；满足；使信服使满意；满足；使信服satisfiedsatisfying/satisfactorysatisfyWe always satisfy our customers with good service.Nothing can always satisfy.Working with them was

27、our most satisfying activity.He didnt allow himself to show his satisfaction,of course,let alone to speak of it.我们总是以良好的服务来满足顾客。Vt.没有任何东西能永远使人满足。Vi.和他们一起劳动是使我们感到最满意的一项活动。当然,他没有让自己流露出满意的神色,更不会说出这种心情了。with satisfactionto ones satisfaction be satisfied with sth./sb.adv.满意地，作状语使某人满意（的是），作状语对.感到满意She sto

28、pped writing and read what she had written with satisfaction.To my satisfaction,my son passed the exam.Never be satisfied with yourself,or you will fall behind others.她停下笔来，满意地读了自己已写好的东西。我感到满意的是,我的儿子考试合格了。永远不要自我满足，否则你会落在别人后面。69 root vt.&vi.（使）生根 n.根，根茎；根源，起因70 be rooted in 起源于，深植于Unhappiness is the

29、root cause of his illness.Money is thought to be the root cause of all evils.I finally got to the root of the problem.Roses will not root in such acid soil.不开心是他生病的根源。金钱被认为是万恶之源。我们最终抓住了问题的实质。玫瑰在这种酸性土壤中不会生根。No country,no happiness.Everyone must be rooted in the soil of the motherland.没有祖国，就没有幸福。每个人必须

30、植根于祖国的土壤里。71 philosophy n.哲学 He holds the chair of philosophy at Oxford.I cant sum up his whole philosophy in one sentence.他任牛津大学哲学教授。我无法用一句话来概括他的全部人生观。72 unity n.统一体，联合体，整体；团结一致，联合，统一 He made a speech about the need for unity.The meeting is seen as the first step towards greater unity between the p

31、arties.The President made a call for national unity.他发表了有关统一之必要的演讲。这一会议可视为两党走向进一步联合的第一步。总统号召全国人民团结起来。unite v.联合；合并；统一；团结united adj.联合的；一致的73 exist vi.存在；生活，生存 Most scientists believe that water doesnt exist on the surface of the moon.Man cannot exist without air.多数科学家认为,月球表面不存在水。没有空气人就不能生存。n.存在；生存 a

32、dj.存在的；目前的；现行的existenceexistent74 backwards (backward)adv.向后；朝反方向 He looked backwards over his shoulder.She drove the car backwards carefully.她小心地向后倒车。他回头向后看.He got the directions backwards.He drove south instead of north.他把方向搞反了；该朝北开车，他却朝南开了。75 breathe vi.&vt.呼吸；呼出vt.轻声说 Fish cannot breathe out of

33、water.He was breathing hard when he finished the race.We breathe air all the time.If we stop breathing,we will die.-“Whats his name?”-“Lu Jiachuan,”breathed Yu Yongze.鱼离开水就不能呼吸。Vi.跑完全程后,他费力地喘着气。我们不停地呼吸。如果我们停止吸气,那我们就会死。-“他叫什么名字?”-“卢嘉川。”余永泽轻声说道。She breathed in every word the professor was saying.她专心致志

34、地聆听教授所说的每句话。（全神贯注地听）breath n.呼吸；气息 out of breath 气喘吁吁的，相当于 breathless lose ones breath 喘不过气 be out of breath76 diagram n.简图，图解，图表，示意图多指科技书籍或文献中具有概括解说作用的图表、图样或略图。The engineer drew a diagram of the bridge.This book has diagrams showing the parts of a car engine.工程师绘制了一幅这座桥的示意图。这本书有汽车引擎构造的示意图。Thank you for your attention!