Unit1 Language points （ppt课件）-新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第二册.pptx

1、1.There comes a time when the old must give way to new,and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.新旧更替的时代已经来到，在走向未来的过程中，我们不新旧更替的时代已经来到，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。可能将过去的一切都保存下来。There comes是是there be句型的变体；句型的变体；There comes a time：的时代到来了。的时代到来了。there be句型的

2、变体句型的变体(1)结构：结构：There+不及物动词不及物动词(多为状态动词多为状态动词).(2)常见的有：常见的有：There follow(s)/live(s)/stand(s)/exist(s)/remain(s)/随后随后/住着住着/有有/存在存在/还有还有(3)there be句型为完全倒装句式，在使用时注意根据句子的主句型为完全倒装句式，在使用时注意根据句子的主语确定谓语的形式。语确定谓语的形式。e.g.In the distance there stands the world-famous building.There exist different opinions on

3、the question.There appear to be some mistakes in your compositon.【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)很久以前森林里住着一位老人。很久以前森林里住着一位老人。_ an old man in the forest long ago.2)山顶上有一座庙。山顶上有一座庙。_ a temple on the top of the mountain.3)对这个问题曾经存在不同的看法。对这个问题曾经存在不同的看法。_ different opinions on the problem.4)互联网在我们的生活中扮演一个重要角色的时代来了

4、。互联网在我们的生活中扮演一个重要角色的时代来了。_ when the Internet plays an important part in our life.There livedThere standsThere existedThere comes a timegive way to:to stop resisting sb./sth.;to agree to do sth.that you do not want to do 让步；屈服让步；屈服e.g.The company finally gave way to the customers complaints.give相相关短关

5、短语语give up 放弃放弃 give away 分发，捐赠；泄露分发，捐赠；泄露give back 还给，恢复（健康等）还给，恢复（健康等）give in 交上，交上，让步让步 give in to 屈服于；向屈服于；向让让步步give off 发出（光、热、气味等）发出（光、热、气味等）give out 用完；耗尽；发出用完；耗尽；发出【语境应用语境应用】用用give短语完成句子。短语完成句子。1)When they saw that they were surrounded by the enemy,they _.2)That weekend,we went to a nearby n

6、eighborhood and _ a lot of money to the people there.3)The bad apples _ a bad smell.4)The argument went on for hours because neither side would _.5)Toms legs _ and he couldnt go any farther.gave upgave awayare giving offgive ingave out2.Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the

7、protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.在发展与文化遗址保护之间找到恰当的平衡点，并加以保持，在发展与文化遗址保护之间找到恰当的平衡点，并加以保持，这可能是一项巨大的挑战。这可能是一项巨大的挑战。balance n.it is a situation in which all the different parts are equal in strength or importance.平衡平衡;均匀均匀vt.to be in or get into a steady position,without falling to one

8、 side or the other,or to put something into this position使使平衡平衡 lose ones balance 失去平衡失去平衡keep ones balance 保持平衡保持平衡recover/regain ones balance 恢复平衡恢复平衡keep a balance between A and B 在在A和和B之间保持之间保持平衡平衡e.g.I struggled to keep my balance on my new states.Try to keep a balance between work and relaxati

9、on.She tries to balance home life and career.balanced adj.保持平衡的；均衡的保持平衡的；均衡的a balanced diet 均衡饮食均衡饮食【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)While promoting economy we should keep _ balance between development and protection.2)It can be hard to find the right balance between advising your children _ controlling th

10、em.3)It is pretty important for teenagers to have a _(balance)diet.aandbalanced3.Big challenges,however,can sometimes lead to great solutions.然而，巨大的挑战有时候会带来伟大的解决方案。然而，巨大的挑战有时候会带来伟大的解决方案。lead to:to result in(something)导致导致;造成造成(后果后果);通向通向 to是介词，后可接名词、代词或动词是介词，后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语lead sb.to do st

11、h.使使某人做某事某人做某事 lead sb.to sp.带领某人去某地带领某人去某地 lead the way 引路引路,带路带路 lead/live/have a.life 过着过着样的样的生活生活e.g.Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.All roads lead to Rome.【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)War never settles anything.It only _(导致暴力导致暴力).2)It doesnt matter whether you turn right or left at

12、the crossing both roads _(通向公园通向公园).leads to violence lead to the park4.But the proposal led to protests.但是该提案引发了抗议。但是该提案引发了抗议。proposal n.a plan or suggestion which is made formally to an official person or group,or the act of making it 提议；建议提议；建议make a proposal 提出提出建议建议put forward/submit a proposal

13、 提出提出/提交建议提交建议come up with a proposal 想到一个建议想到一个建议draw up a proposal 起草提案起草提案e.g.The committee made/put forward a proposal to reduce the time limit.I welcome the proposal to reduce taxes for the poorly paid.【注意注意】propose(建议建议)后的宾语从句及后的宾语从句及proposal后的同位语从句或表后的同位语从句或表语从句应使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用语从句应使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用

14、“should+动词原形动词原形”，should可以省略。可以省略。e.g.He proposed that the Chinese calligraphy should be widely promoted throughout primary school.propose v.提议；建议；打算提议；建议；打算【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)The _(propose)he put forward is to be discussed at the meeting.2)_(proposal)for a new public library are under discus

15、sion.3)In his speech he proposed that the UN_(set)up an emergency centre for the environment.4)The proposal that we_(sent)another satellite into space is to be discussed at the meeting.proposalProposals(should)set(should)sendprotest n.something that you do to show publicly that you think that someth

16、ing is wrong and unfair 抗抗议议vi.&vt.to come together to publicly express disapproval or opposition to something(公开公开)反对，抗议（常反对，抗议（常与与about,against或或at连用连用）(a)protest(n.)against sth.对某事的抗议对某事的抗议protest(v.)against sth.抗议某事抗议某事(a)protest from 来自来自的抗议的抗议without protest 乖乖地，毫不反对地乖乖地，毫不反对地under protest 无奈地

17、，不服气无奈地，不服气地地e.g.We cannot pass this matter by without protest.She wrote a letter of apology but only under protest.A lot of people protested about the new working hours.They were protesting against cuts in health spending.Many people have protested at the cuts in state benefits.【语境运用语境运用】完成句子。完成句子。

18、1)People held _(对对的抗议旅的抗议旅行行)the war.2)He accepted his punishment _(一一声不吭地声不吭地).a protest march against without protest5.After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem,and citizens who lived near the dam,the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.埃及政府在听取了研究该问题的科学家以及大

19、坝附近居民埃及政府在听取了研究该问题的科学家以及大坝附近居民的意见后，于的意见后，于1959年向联合国寻求帮助。年向联合国寻求帮助。turn to:to try to get help,advice,or sympathy from someone向向求助求助 to devote oneself to 致力于致力于to look for a particular page in a book 翻到翻到to divert 转向转向turn短语短语turn up 到到达；出现；露面达；出现；露面turn away 走开走开;转身转身;不让不让进入进入 turn down 拒绝拒绝;把把(声音声音)

20、调低调低 turn out 结果是结果是turn into 变成变成 turn over 移交移交;翻身翻身;使翻转使翻转 e.g.I dont know who to turn to.Open your book and turn to Page 223.Lets now turn to our primary problem.【语境应用语境应用】用含用含turn的短语的正确形式填空。的短语的正确形式填空。1)His request for a pay rise was _.2)With no one to _ for help,she felt quite sad.3)Though it

21、looked like rain this morning,it has _ to be a fine day.4)She was _ from the door.She couldnt come in.turned down turn to turned outturned away6.A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.委员会成立了，旨在减少对那些建筑物的破坏，并防止文物损委员会成立了，旨在减少对那些建筑物的

22、破坏，并防止文物损失。失。limit vt.to control something so that it is not greater than a particular amount,number or level 限定限定,限制限制 n.the greatest or least amount,number,speed etc.that is allowed 限限制制,限度限度 e.g.Every is limited to 4 free tickets each.There is no limit to what you can do if you are hard-working.【

23、归纳归纳】limit.to.把把限制在限制在范围内范围内be limited to.局限于局限于a time/speed/age limit 时间时间/速度速度/年龄限制年龄限制within limits 在某种程度上在某种程度上;有一定限制有一定限制set a limit on 对对加以限制加以限制beyond the limit 超过限度超过限度【拓展拓展】limited adj.有限的有限的 limitation n.限制；控制限制；控制vt.n.【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)My wife and I _(定了一个限额定了一个限额)on how much we spend

24、 on clothes.2)I _ two cups of coffee a day.我一天只允许自己喝两杯咖啡。我一天只允许自己喝两杯咖啡。3)They told us that we could do whatever we liked,_(在一定限度内在一定限度内).set a limitlimit myself towithin(certain)limitsprevent vt.to stop something from happening,or stop someone from doing something 阻止；阻碍；阻止；阻碍；阻挠阻挠prevent from 阻止；不准阻

25、止；不准(有时可省略有时可省略from)e.g.Your quick action prevented a serious accident.My back injury may prevent me(from)playing in tomorrows game.类似结构：类似结构：stop.from.阻止阻止做做keep.from.阻止阻止做做prevent和和stop后的后的from 都可以省略，但在被动语态中都可以省略，但在被动语态中不能省略不能省略from。而。而keep.from doing sth.中的中的from则则不能省略，如果省略了，其意义将发生改变。不能省略，如果省略了，其

26、意义将发生改变。prevention n.预防；阻止预防；阻止accident/crime prevention 防止事故防止事故/犯罪犯罪the prevention of disease 疾病的预防疾病的预防【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)The destruction of such species could prevent researchers from _(find)cures for certain diseases.2)This diseases control and _(prevent)is a challenge to China as well a

27、s the whole world.findingprevention7.The group asked for contributions from different departments and raised funds within the international community.该委员会请求各个部门予以支持，并在国际范围内筹集资金。该委员会请求各个部门予以支持，并在国际范围内筹集资金。contribution n.an amount of money that you give in order to help pay for something;something tha

28、t you give or do in order to help something be successful;when you give money,time,help etc.捐款；贡献；捐赠捐款；贡献；捐赠make a contribution to/towards sth.对对作出贡献作出贡献e.g.The young man has made an important contribution to the companys success.All the money has been raised by voluntary contribution.contribute vi.

29、&vt.捐献，捐助，捐赠捐献，捐助，捐赠contribute to 促成；有助于促成；有助于contribute to 把把捐献给捐献给e.g.I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world.They say they would like to contribute more to charity,but money is tight this year.【语境应用语境应用】翻翻译句译句子。子。1)Many local businesses contributed to the school rebuil

30、ding fund.2)Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness.3)This invention made a major contribution to road safety.当地的许多企业为学校的重建基金提供了捐款。当地的许多企业为学校的重建基金提供了捐款。诚实加苦干有助于获得成功和幸福。诚实加苦干有助于获得成功和幸福。这项发明对道路安全贡献很大。这项发明对道路安全贡献很大。8.Experts investigated the issue,conducted several tests,and then made

31、 a proposal for how the buildings could be saved.专家们经过调查研究，多次试验，提出了一个保住那些建筑物专家们经过调查研究，多次试验，提出了一个保住那些建筑物的方案。的方案。conduct n.the way someone behaves,especially in public,in their job etc 行为；举止行为；举止the way in which an activity is organized and carried out 管理方法管理方法improper/violent conduct 不恰当的不恰当的/暴力的行为暴力

32、的行为e.g.He was fired from the company due to his improper conduct.conduct v.to organize and perform a particular activity 组织；安排组织；安排to take or lead someone somewhere 带领带领 conduct an experiment/a survey 进行实验进行实验/调查调查conduct sb.into/around 领某人进入领某人进入/参观参观conduct oneself well/badly 举止举止(表现表现)好好/差差e.g.Th

33、e guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city.The way he conducts himself reflects on the family.【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)Experiments of this kind _(conduct)in both the U.S.and Europe well before the Second World War.2)To return to the problem of water pollution,Id like you to look at a

34、 study _(conduct)in Australia in 2012.3)He conducted _(him)far better than expected.4)Dennis had recently begun a successful career _(conduct)opera.had been conductedconductedhimselfconductingdonate vt.to give something,especially money,to a person or an organization in order to help them 捐赠捐赠；赠送赠送t

35、o allow some of your blood to be used for medical purposes someone who is ill or injured 献血献血9.Fifty countries donated nearly$80 million to the project.50个国家向该项目捐赠了近个国家向该项目捐赠了近8千万美元。千万美元。donate to 向向捐赠捐赠Last year he donated$1,000 to cancer research.e.g.The appeal for people to donate blood was very

36、successful.donation n.捐赠捐赠 make a donation/donations to 向向捐赠捐赠【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)At the news,many people all over the world donated their money _ those tsunami-hit(被海啸袭击的被海啸袭击的)areas.2)He made a generous _(donate)to the charity.3)If possible,we can donate money _ the committee.4)The centre wa

37、s bought with money _(donate)by former Beatle,George Harrison.todonationtodonated10.Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past,but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.这些国家不仅找到了一条不以

38、牺牲古迹为代价的未这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。not only but also不不仅仅而且而且(1)not only but(also)连接两个分句且连接两个分句且not only位于句首时，位于句首时，not only后的分句要用部分倒装语序，但后的分句要用部分倒装语序，但but(also)后的分句后的分句不倒装，即不倒装，即“前倒后不倒前倒后不倒”。e.g.Not only can Mary speak French,but she also knows how

39、 to type.类似类似not onlybut(also)连接并列主语，谓语动词的单连接并列主语，谓语动词的单复数遵循复数遵循“就近原则就近原则”的结构还有：的结构还有：neither nor,either or,notbut等。等。(2)“Not only A but(also)B+谓语动词谓语动词+其他其他.”中谓语动词的中谓语动词的单复数由单复数由B决定，即遵循决定，即遵循“就近原则就近原则”。e.g.Not only you but also Jim is to blame for this.【语境应用语境应用】单句语法填空。单句语法填空。1)Not only students bu

40、t also the teacher _(compete)in the sports event at the moment.2)Either you or one of your students _(be)to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.3)Not only my sister but also my parents _(like)this TV play.is competingislike11.Why did the Egyptian government want to attempt the building of the da

41、m?为什么埃及政府想要建造大坝？为什么埃及政府想要建造大坝？attempt n.an act of trying to do something,especially something difficult企企图；试图；尝试图；试图；尝试 vt.to try to do something,especially something difficult 企图；试图；企图；试图；尝试尝试make an attempt to do/at doing sth.试图做某试图做某事事at the first attempt 第一次第一次尝试尝试in an attempt to do 为了为了attempt

42、(v.)sth./to do sth.尝试某事尝试某事/做做某事某事e.g.They made an attempt to recover the lost cultural relics.I passed my driving test at the first attempt.He attempted to overcome his drinking problem.attempted adj.未遂的未遂的(置于名词前作定语置于名词前作定语)attempted murder 谋杀未遂谋杀未遂【语境应用语境应用】完完成句子。成句子。1)Ill attempt _(answer)all you

43、r questions.2)If you fail _ the first attempt,there is no need to care about that.3)Every year about 40,000 people _(尝试尝试)to climb Kilimanjaro,the highest mountain in Africa.to answeratattempt12.A lot of money was spent to protect the temples.Do you think it was worthwhile?(人们人们)花了很多钱来保护寺庙。你觉得值得吗？花了

44、很多钱来保护寺庙。你觉得值得吗？worthwhile adj.useful,important or good enough to be a suitable reward for the money or time spent or the effort made值得做的；值值得做的；值得花时间的得花时间的e.g.I thought it was worthwhile to clarify the matter.She considers teaching a worthwhile career.worth,worthy&worthwhile词条词条不同点不同点worthn.价值；价值；pr

45、ep.值值钱；值得。钱；值得。worthyadj.值得尊敬的，值得的。值得尊敬的，值得的。worthwhileadj.值得的，值得花费时间值得的，值得花费时间(或精力或精力)的，可作定的，可作定语、宾语补足语或表语。语、宾语补足语或表语。【语境应用语境应用】辨析填空辨析填空(worth/worthwhile/worthy)。1)The house is _ a lot of money.2)He who does his duty is _ of praising/to be praised.3)The smile on the girls face made it all _.worthworthyworthwhile