动词的时态和语态 （ppt课件）-新外研版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、动词的时态和语态一、常见时态及其谓语动词的构成 一般一般进行进行完成完成现现在在am/is/are+am/is/are+表表am/is/are+doingam/is/are+doinghave/hashave/has +donedonedo/doesdo/does过过去去was/were+was/were+表表wwasas/w/wereere +doing +doinghad donehad donediddid将将来来will/shall+dowill/shall+dowill/shall be+doingwill/shall be+doingwill/shall have+will/sha

2、ll have+donedoneam/is/are going am/is/are going+to do+to do体体时时用数轴法理解时态二、动词在不同时态下的变化study 三单：studies 过去式：studied 过去分词：studied 现在分词：studyinggo 三单：goes 过去式：went 过去分词：went 现在分词：goinglive 三单：lives 过去式：lived 过去分词：lived 现在分词：livingsit 三单：sits 过去式：sat 过去分词：sat 现在分词：sittingstop 三单：stops 过去式：stopped 过去分词：sto

3、pped 现在分词：stopping总结：1.一般现在时(主语三单)：lives,sits,stops,goes,studies一般+s以ch,sh,s,o,x 结尾的动词后+es以辅音+y结尾的动词,先将yi,再+es总结：2.一般过去时：lived,stopped,studied,sat,went 规则变化一般+ed(以e结尾直接+d)元+辅且重读结尾的单词，双写该辅音后再加+ed以辅音+y结尾的动词,先将yi,再+ed 不规则变化：sat,went（背不规则动词表第2列）总结：3.过去分词：lived,stopped,studied,sat,gone 规则变化一般+ed(以e结尾直接+d

4、)元+辅且重读结尾的单词，双写该辅音后再加+ed以辅音+y结尾的动词,先将yi,再+ed 不规则变化：sat,gone（背不规则动词表第3列）总结：4.现在分词：studying,going,stopping,sitting,living 规则变化一般+ing 元+辅且重读结尾的单词，双写该辅音后再加+ing以e结尾的动词,再+ing 不规则变化：die,lie,tie 三个把iey再+ing dying,lying,tying 三、被动语态1.The cat eats the fish.猫吃鱼（主动语态）The fish is eaten by the cat.鱼被猫吃（被动语态）主谓宾宾谓

5、主*主动语态变被动语态的一般方法2.The cat ate the fish.猫吃了鱼（主动语态）The fish was eaten by the cat.鱼被猫吃了（被动）3.The cat will eat the fish.猫要吃鱼（主动语态）The fish will be eaten by the cat.鱼要被猫吃（被动）4.The cat has eaten the fish.猫已经吃了鱼（主动）The fish has been eaten by the cat.鱼已经被猫吃了（被）The fish is eaten by the cat.鱼被猫吃(一般现在)The fish

6、 was eaten by the cat.鱼被猫吃了(一般过去)The fish will be eaten by the cat.鱼要被猫吃(一般将来)The fish has been eaten by the cat.鱼已经被猫吃了(现完)总结：被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词随时态而变化时态主动语态被动语态:be+V.ed(过分)一般现do/doesam/is/are+done一般过didwas/were+done一般将will dowill be+doneam/is/are going to do am/is/are going to be done现完have/has

7、donehave/has been+done情态动词情态动词+do情态动词+be+done被动语态也有各种时态变化,列表如下（以动词do为例）:Tips：不规则动词表的使用一般现在时主语非三单一般现在时主语非三单情态动词情态动词/助动词助动词+V.(+V.(原原)一般过去时一般过去时现在现在/过去完成时过去完成时被动语态被动语态Exercise 1观察句子1.Light travels faster than sound.2.I go home every day by bike.3.I told you to calm down,both of you!4.In fact,we stayed

8、 at the same campsite when I was five years old,too.5.The music industry is developing fast now.6.And Im sure playing in a band will help you make lots of new friends at university.7.I am going to visit the museum soon.8.She still has smooth skin and straight black hair,and jogging has kept her slim

9、 and fit.我的领悟1.句1,2使用了一般现在时一般现在时,其谓语动词形式是动词第三人称单数形式和动词原形。2.句3,4使用了一般过去时,其谓语动词的构成形式是动词的过去式。3.句5使用了现在进行时,其谓语动词的构成是be doing。4.句6谓语由will do构成,表单纯的将来的安排;句7中am going to表“打算做某事”。5.句8使用了现在完成时。【微练1】用动词的正确形式填空As you know,it snows (snow)in winter.Please tell me as soon as Mark calls (call)you.My mother told me

10、 the earth moves (move)around the sun.The flight takes (take)off at 2:30 pm every Friday.The exhibition opened on January 1st and closed(close)on January 31st.She didnt go out last night,because she had(have)a headache.Tom was late,so he opened(open)the door quietly.He got up,washed(wash)his face,ha

11、d his breakfast and went to work.【微练3】用动词的正确形式填空Hurry up!The bus is coming(come).Since it is raining(rain)hard,you may as well stay here until it stops.Look!The two boys are standing(stand)there.I am leaving(leave)for Shanghai the day after tomorrow.【微练4】用动词的正确形式填空This is the first time that I have

12、been invited(invite)to London.We have finished(finish)all the work and were totally relaxed.Nobody has seen(see)him since then.I have worked(work)in the big company for years.【微练5】用动词的正确形式填空As soon as you come here,I will show(show)you around the city.In the future,I will become(become)a designer.Ex

13、ercise 2.用所给动词的正确形式填空1.We will put off the picnic till next weekend if it(rain)tomorrow.答案 rains2.My father(smoke)for ten years but he gives it up because of his illness.答案与解析 smoked3.If you come to visit China,you(experience)a culture of amazing depth and variety.答案与解析 will experience4.The meeting(

14、begin)smoothly,but then things started to go wrong.答案与解析began5.He(drink)too much and was unable to remember anything.答案与解析drank6.The other day,he(drive)his car to visit his parents.答案与解析drove7.Look!Some children(play)basketball in the yard.答案与解析are playing8.Great changes(take)place in this city in t

15、he past 10 years.答案与解析have taken9.Polly can drive by herself because she(pass)her test.答案与解析has passed.语法填空Over the past twenty years,American country music 1(become)more and more popular.Instead of writing about money,success or expensive things to buy,song writers now 2(write)once more about the t

16、hings that 3(be)common for everyone nowadays.In the 1950s,American music 4(be)about other things,for example,love.Money 5 (consider)to be important,too.Then in the 1960s,song writers 6 (turn)to other subjects.During these years many young students were angry with society,so songs were often full of

17、anger.has becomeare writingarewaswas consideredturnedToday country music has returned.Once,the home of American country music 7(be)Nashville,Tennessee.Now,however,the music has reached all parts of the States.Singers do not just come from the States but from all over the world.There 8(be)many famous singers from Britain,Canada and Australia.The first country singers 9(sing)while playing the guitar.Now,however,a lot of equipment 10 (need)for large theatres.wasaresangis needed