必修三Unit-3-Grammar课件课堂.ppt

1、1Noun clauses as the objectand predicativeUnit 3 Grammar2名词性从句noun clause主语从句subject clause宾语从句object clause表语从句predicative clause同位语从句appositive clause3表语从句的定义：在复合句中作主句的表语。它对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有:be,taste,feel,sound,look,seem.keep,remain,stay,get,turn等。4连词：that/whether/a

2、s if/as though连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what 连接副词：when/where/why/how/because 5表语从句引导词注意事项1.that引导表语从句时不能省。2.if不能引导表语从句.3.当主语为“要求，建议，命令”时，表语从句用虚拟语气（should+动词原型）4.当主句的主语为reason,或者是由why引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用_,而不能由_ 引导;because 引导表语从句时只能用于_句型中.that来引导becauseIt/That/This is/was because61.It seems that you are

3、 right.2.The question is who can do the work.3.He looked as if he was going to cry.4.Thats where you need to go.5.Thats the house where we live.6.I dont know where they live.7Object Clauses宾语从句宾语从句M3U3 Grammar81.Iknow him.2.Iknow whoheis.主语谓语宾语主语谓语宾语-宾 语 从 句连词从句主语从句谓语9什么是宾语？?I know him.?Do you have

4、the time?I think(that)she is beautiful.?Why dont you pay attention to me?宾语位于谓语动词或者介词后10一、宾语从句的概念在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，常放在主句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，常放在主句谓语动词或介词之后谓语动词或介词之后。E.g.We know that Mr Green teaches English.She asked if these answers were right.二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）语序时态111.We wonder how we shall do.2.Could you t

5、ell me where they are?3.We believe that they have finished their task.4.4.I am sorry that I didnt know you want to join the Party.找出下列句中的宾语从句12由从属连词that引导的宾语从句由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句（一）引导词12313e.g.?He said(that)he missed us very much?The tea

6、cher told us(that)the earth moves around the sun由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句注：注：that 在句中无意义，在从句中不能充在句中无意义，在从句中不能充当成分，可以省略。14that不能省略的2种情况（2）用）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时做形式宾语的宾语从句时（it常可以放在动词think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语 that从句则放在句尾）We heard itthat she would get married next month.（1）当）当and 连接两个或两个以上

7、的宾语从句时，连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个and可省。I hear he will come back and that he will never leave.在insist,demand,suggest,order等词后面的宾从用虚拟语气。我建议你早点睡觉。I suggest(that)you should go to bed early.15由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句I want to know if(whether)he will go to the park with us.2.Ask him whether(if)he can come3.I w

8、onder whether it is going to rain or not4.Could you tell me whether(if)Mr.Li lives hereif/whether“是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)you tell me 等后。16只能用 whether不能用 if 的情况（四种）1.在介词后面：?Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.?We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.2.在动词不定式前(w

9、hether to do sth.)：?They asked me whether togo skating.173.当与or not或or连用时:?I dont know whetherhes free or not.?Tell me whetheryoud like to go shopping ortidy the room.4.宾语从句提前时：?Whetherthis is true,I cant say.18Practice timeif/whether1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2.Were worried about _ he is safe.3

10、.I wonder _ he is well.4.I dont know _ or not he is well.5.I dont know _ to go.if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether19由连接代词由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when 引导的宾从代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义(保留疑问含义)，不可省略。201.I wonder _ its because I havent been able to be outdoors.2.Th

11、ats _ theyre called the Winter Olympics.3.May I ask _ you were doing in my restaurant?4.I wonder _ youd mind us asking a few questions.5.May we ask _ youre doing in this country and _ your plans are?ifwhywhatifwhatwhat216.Well,I cant say _ I have any plans.7.his eyes stare at _ is left on the table8

12、.I didnt know _ I could survive until tomorrow.9.The fact is _ I earned my money by working hard.10.Thats _ weve given you the letter.thatwhatwhetherthatwhy2211.They dont know _ we will come back.12.She wanted to know _ book you like to buy.13.I was really surprised at _ I saw.14.Do you know _ skirt

13、 it is?whenwhichwhatwhose23二、语序二、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分241.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?His brotherasks whenhe will go to thelibrary.His brotherasks whenwill he go to thelibrary.2.Whatdidhewant tobuy?I dontknowwhat didhewant tobuy.I dontknowwhat hewanted tobuy.主句主句+连接词连接词+从句（主从句（主+谓谓+其他成分）其他成分）25

14、Whats wrong?Whats the matter?Whats happening?What happened?注：当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语主语时，语序不变语序不变：e.g.I dont know whats the matter.Can you tell me who is over there?Can you tell me who he is?做主语做宾语26?I know he lives here.?I know he lived here ten years ago.?I have heard that he will come tomorrow.三、

15、时态1.主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定。272.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）?I knew who lived here.?I saw she was talking with her mother.?He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow.?He said that he had seen it.283.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，仍用一

16、般现在时。?Dad told us that it is better to do than to say.?He told the boy that three and three is six.?He told me the earth moves around the sun.29主句时态从句时态一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时根据句意的需要用任意一种时态一般过去时与原句相对应的过去的时态客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等一律用一般现在时301.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes every

17、thing _ well.(go)3.I hear they _ (return)it already.4.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be)5.Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east.(rise)will begoeshave returnedhad beenrises31宾语从句三要素时态Summary (小结）小结）引导词（连接词）语序321.Theyoungmanasked_ itssummer orwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.w

18、eatherD.whether2.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.The teacherasks us _ Jimcan comeback ontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime4.Doesanybodyknow_wewill havea sportsmeeting thisweekend ornot.A.ifB.whereC.whether D.thatDABCPractice335.Couldyoushowme_?A.howcanI gettothestationB.whereis thestation

19、C.howI couldgettothestationD.howI canreachthestation6.Please tell me _.A.what does he like B.what he does like C.what he likes D.what he like7.My sister told him _.A.what day was it B.when the train arrived C.who she was waiting D.where did you liveCBD348.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _

20、.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is 9.Could you tell me how long _?A.you have bought the watch B.you have kept this science book C.have you been away from China D.have you been a member of Greener China10.He says that if it _ tomorrow,he _ fishing.A.will rain,wont go B.rained,wasnt go C

21、.rains,wont go D.rain,will go BCD351.I reallyhavenoidea_(我该选择什么主题).2.Ourteacher toldus_(光速比声速快多了).3.I didnttellhim_(我参加了什么项目).4.I _(认为他没有时间和你打高尔夫球).5.Theyarediscussing _(这答案是否正确).根据汉语完成句子。361.I reallyhavenoideawhat subjectIshouldchoose.(我该选择什么主题)2.Ourteacher toldusthatlighttravelsmuchfaster thansoun

22、d.(光速比声速快多了)3.I didnttellhimwhichsportI wasin.(我参加了什么项目)4.I dontthinkhehastimetoplaygolfwithyou.(认为他没有时间和你打高尔夫球)5.Theyarediscussing if theanswer is right.(这答案是否正确)37Predicative Clauses表语从句表语从句38表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句从句,放在系动词之后放在系动词之后,一般结构是一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句表语从句”。可以。可以接表语从句的系动词有接表语从句的系动词

23、有be,look,remain,seem等。另外,常用的还有the reason why is that 和和It is because 等结构。例如：等结构。例如：39一、表语从句三要素引导词（连接词）语序时态40如何区分表语从句？?Heisa student.主语 谓语表语?The reasonis that he is a student.主语谓语表语从句句子做表语就是表语从句。41.表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后.作用:对主语进行解释说明。连接词：that/whether/as if/as though（if 不引导表语从句)连接代词：who/whom/whos

24、e/which/what 连接副词：when/where/why/how/becauseThe question is whetherwe can rely on him.Thats because we were in need of money at that time.He looked as if he was going to cry.Thats why I was late.42由从属连词that引导的表语从句引导的表语从句由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的表语从句由从属连词由从属连词whether，as

25、 ifthough引导的表语从句（一）引导词12343由从属连词 whether,as if 引导的表语从句1.The question is _2.I wonder _.whether it is worth doing.whether it is right or wrongit was going to rainwhether“是否是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。as if 表似乎，猜测It looked as if_44e.g.1.What I want to say is that Im sorry.?I think it necessary

26、 that you should readEnglish aloud.由从属连词 that 引导的表语从句注：注：that 在从句中不能省略在从句中不能省略451.That is _.2.That was _.3.The problem is_.4.His trouble is _.what he is worried about why they made a bethow they can get foodwhere he can find his book由连接代词由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾从代

27、词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义（保留疑问含义），不可省略。46注 意：1.一般情况下，“that”不能省。2.It is/was because.3.It is/was why.4.在表语从句中，表“是否”时，只能用“whether”不能用“If”。5.3.The reason(why/for)is/was that.6.4 The reason is because/whythat .47注意注意表语从句的引导词与宾语从句相同表语从句的引导词与宾语从句相同.但:1.that 引导表语从句时不能省.2.if不能引导表语从句.481.Please tell me

28、you will go to the lecture tomorrow.(宾语从句)2.It all depends onthe sky will clear up.(介词宾语从句)3.The question isthe film is well worth seeing.(表语从句)关联词比较关联词比较whether /ifwhether/ifwhetherWhether 49二、语序二、语序表语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分501.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?The questionis whenhe will go to thelibrary.

29、The questioniswhenwill he go to thelibrary.2.That is what he is worried about.That is what is he worried about.主句主句+连接词连接词+从句（主从句（主+谓谓+其他成分）其他成分）51?It is where he lives in.?It is where he lived in 10 years ago.三、时态三、时态1.主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定。根据实际情况而定。522.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时态一定要用相对应的过

30、去的某种时态从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）?Her wish was that she could lose weight soon.?It looked as if it was going to rain.?The question was whether his father would come back?tomorrow.?The reason why he was late was that the train had alreadyleft.531.Thats _ the Party called on us to do

31、.A.why B.what C.how D.that2.The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine.A.because B.why C.that D.Whether3.That is _ they were separated.A.that B.what C.which D.where4.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago.A.what B.which C.that D.when54Individual activity注:另附 word 文档。点击此处链接551.See the fl

32、ags on top of the building?That was _ we did this morning.(2006全国I)A.when B.which C.where D.whatI.Choose the best answer.562.Choosing the right dictionary dependson _ you want to use it for.(2007江苏)A.whatB.whyC.howD.whether3.Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales,please?(2007山东)A.any

33、one B.someone C.whoever D.no matter who 574.The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer.Warm sunshine and softsands make _ it is.(2007天津)A.what B.which C.how D.where5.As his best friend,I can make accurate guesses about _ he will do or think.(2008上海)A.what B.which C.whom D.that586.At first

34、 he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see _ it got any better.(2009北京)A.when B.how C.why D.if7.The little girl who got lost decided to remain _ she was and wait for her mother.(2009山东)A.whereB.whatC.howD.who 598.We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furn

35、iture.(2010全国I)A.that B.which C.what D.where9.Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears.No one in the office knew_ she was so angry.(2010湖南)A.where B.whether C.that D.why6010.I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.Thats _ I dont agree.You should have a more acti

36、ve life.(2010江苏)A.where B.how C.when D.what11.One reason for her preference for city life is _ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.(2010上海)A.that B.how C.what D.why6112.Weve offered her the job,but I dont know _ shell accept it.(2011山东)A.whereB.whatC.whetherD.which13.The vi

37、llagers have already known _ well do is to rebuild the bridge.(2011江西)A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which6214.Id like to start my own business thats _ Id do if I had the money.(2011陕西)A.why B.when C.which D.what15.The shocking newsmade merealize _ terribleproblems we would face.(2011北京)A.what B.how C.that D.w

38、hy6316.We promise _ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.(2012福建)A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.whomever17.The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for _ he could find about Mark Twain.(2012辽宁)A.wherever B.however C.whatever D.whichever 6418.Its good to know

39、 _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away.(2013山东)A.what B.whoseC.which D.that 19.Police have found _ appears to be the lost ancient statue.(2013新课标I)A.whichB.whereC.howD.what 6520.Experts believe _ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.(2013北京北京)A.whyB.whereC.tha

40、tD.what661.Our teacher told us _2._(北京是中国的首都)when I was a child.2.The reason he gave for failing the exam was _(因为他没有努力学习).3.They havent decided _(下周是否举行运动会).II.Translate the following sentences.capital of China(that)Beijing is thethat he didnt study hardwill hold the sports meetwhether/if they674.I

41、 asked them _(他们在哪学习的绘画).5.Could you tell me _(选择哪个)as a gift for your mother?6.The problem is _(我们能否替换她).7.Can you tell me _(怎么去火车站)?where they learned topaintwhat you will choosewhether we can replaceherhow I can get to therailway station68Review宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用，可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。表语从句在复合句中作句子的表语。6

42、9Conclusion about noun clausesConclusion 部分可以更好的引导学生正确理解所讲语法的语用功能，并帮助他们正确的使用语法规则。70从句的语用功能英语复合句一般有三大类：名词性(主语、宾语、表语和同位语)从句；形容词性(定语)从句；副词性(状语)从句。在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句。正确、快速理解英语的复杂句子是提高英语阅读和写作能力的一个重要方面。学会正确把握句子结构、熟练使用主从复合句：能更准确的理解句子所传递的信息，提高阅读理解能力；能写出更简明、流畅的文段，更贴切、优美的语句，提高写作水平。715.This is _ Sara was late

43、 for the meeting.A.why B.what C.how D.that6.This is _ they overcome the difficulties.A.because B.how C.why D.That7.It sounds _ somebody was knocking at the door.A.that B.whether C.as if D.whereHomework1.Recite the key sentences on the grammar-noun clauses as the object and predicative.2.Quanpin Exercise book P3.Preview the next period.72