大学精品课件：定语从句.docx

1、1、定语从句的识别、定语从句的识别 在名词的后面在名词的后面 出现修饰这个名词的句子出现修饰这个名词的句子 按照引导方式区分按照引导方式区分 定语从句有三类定语从句有三类 关系代词引导关系代词引导 物主物主 whose 人称人称 that as which who whom 关系连词引导关系连词引导 when where why Prep+关系代词关系代词 in which of that on which with which 在定语从句中做状语在定语从句中做状语 this is jlu in which I have lived for more ten years. 同位语从句同位语从句

2、 的引导词的引导词 在从句中不做成分在从句中不做成分 定定 语语 从句从句 的引导词的引导词 在从句中必做成分在从句中必做成分 时间名词时间名词 定语从句定语从句 when 非时间非时间 状语从句状语从句 定语从句引导词的省略定语从句引导词的省略 当定语从句引导词当定语从句引导词 在从句中做宾语的时候在从句中做宾语的时候 应应省略省略 the quality (that) we test is your listening ability. the quality (which was) tested is your listening ability. 常考常考 定语从句引导词在定语从句中做

3、定语从句引导词在定语从句中做逻辑宾语逻辑宾语的时候的时候 引导词应引导词应 省略省略 若定语从句本身是被动语态若定语从句本身是被动语态 则则 引导词及引导词及 Be 动词均动词均 省略省略 the quality (which is) testing is your listening ability. you are hited by me S be Ved O 形式主语形式主语 形式宾语形式宾语 逻辑宾语逻辑宾语 逻辑主语逻辑主语 定语从句先行词的确定定语从句先行词的确定 先行词先行词= 定语从句要修饰的那个名词定语从句要修饰的那个名词 就近原则就近原则 = 不是单纯的距离近不是单纯的距离

4、近 而是指而是指 修饰关系近修饰关系近 A prep B prep C adj. prep D 定定: S V O Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the envi- ronment 1 in which they live 1, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. S V A inf B 定定:S V subject A to B 使使 A 服从于服从于 B it was the farthest 1 that

5、scientists had been able to look in- to the past 1, 2 for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures 3 that existed 15 billion years ago. 32 S L P 1 定定: S L P 1, 2 因状因状: S L P 3 定定: SV 时状时状 32 scientists had been able to look into the farthest past , it was the farthest that scientists h

6、ad been able to look into the past I had a very good dinner with my wife yesterday. It is very good that the dinner I had with my wife yesterday. it is me who had dinner with my wife yesterday. It is my wife whom I had dinner with yesterday. I believe you I do believe you. This trend began during th

7、e Second World War, 1 when several governments came to the conclusion 2 that the spe- cific demands 3 that a government wants to make of its sci- entific establishment 3 cannot generally be foreseen in de- tail. 21 S V 状状, 1 定定: SVO2 定定:S 3 定定: S V O 3 be Ved 状状 2 1 S 定定:S V V O How well the predict

8、ions will be validated by later perfor- mance depends upon the amount, reliability and appropri- ateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. A, B and C prep D 定定 A and B 定定 E how much it is. how long how far how well it is? 伴伴 绊绊 当定语从句当定语从句 1、结构比较简单、结构比较

9、简单（单句）（单句） 2、信息负载量小、信息负载量小（短）（短） 时前置翻译时前置翻译 3、与先行词关系密切、与先行词关系密切（限定性定语从句、（限定性定语从句、 先行词不多于二）先行词不多于二） Actually, it isnt, 1 because it assumes 2 that there is an agreed account of human rights, 3 which is something 4 the world does not have4321. (that) 1 定定: SLP 2 定定 S V 21 Pearson has pieced together t

10、he work of hundreds of re- searchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar 1 that gives the latest dates 2 when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place.21 S V A of 数数 of B prep C 目的目的: inf D 1 定定: SVO2 定定: S V O 21 比较比较 并列并列 否定否定 插入插入 倒装倒装 被动被动