专升本辅导英语new课件.ppt

1、送给大家四句话：送给大家四句话：1.有始有终 2.制定计划3.笑到最后4.享受成功英语辅导安排：英语辅导安排：1.考试重点题型讲解与练习考试重点题型讲解与练习 语法语法 阅读阅读 完形填空完形填空 翻译翻译 写作写作2.综合练习综合练习3.考前模拟考前模拟4.真题实战真题实战 第一章第一章 主谓一致主谓一致1.某些并列结构作主语的主谓一致某些并列结构作主语的主谓一致 由由and或或bothand连接两个单数名词作主连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用语时，谓语动词用 （？）Mary and Jane compete with each other for the first time.Hone

2、sty and generosity _ the virtues that make him popular with girls.A.were B.was C.are D.is 复数形式复数形式2.由由and连接的两个名词指的是同一个人、物时连接的两个名词指的是同一个人、物时（后面的名词不带冠词），谓语动词用单数。（后面的名词不带冠词），谓语动词用单数。Ice cream and cake is my favorite desert.The assistant and graduate student _ check the exercise books.A.help B.helping C

3、.helps D.to helpEach soldier and sailor _ given a gun.A.were B.was C.have been D.areThe eighth and the last chapter _(be)written by Peter.3.由由not onlybut(also),eitheror,neithernor 或或 or 连接的并列主语，通常采连接的并列主语，通常采 用用就近原则就近原则，谓语动词的人称和数与最靠近，谓语动词的人称和数与最靠近 它的名词或代词的人称和数一致它的名词或代词的人称和数一致.e.g.Neither the quality

4、 nor the prices have changed.Not only the manager but also the workers object to the plan.are4.主语后有主语后有“as well as,along with,together with,including,in addition to,besides,accompanied by,as much as,more than,no less than”等引起等引起的介词短语表示伴随的人或物时，谓语动词的单复的介词短语表示伴随的人或物时，谓语动词的单复数形式由这些词组前面的主语的单复数而定。数形式由这些词组

5、前面的主语的单复数而定。e.g.Unemployment as well as taxes influences votes.This man along with his sons always catches the largest fish.A doctor,together with two nurses,_ sent to that faraway mountain village to help the sick people.A.have B.have been C.has D.has been 5.主语是集合名词，如果代表一个主语是集合名词，如果代表一个整体整体，谓语动词就，谓

6、语动词就 用用单数单数；如果代表整体中的；如果代表整体中的每个成员每个成员，谓语动词则，谓语动词则 用用复数复数。此类集体名词有：。此类集体名词有：army,audience,class,board，club,committee,company,government,majority,staff,team,jury,faculty,public 等。等。e.g.The crowd was an orderly one.The crowd were fighting for their lives.Use It The committee _(be)composed of 30 members.

7、The committee _(have)different opinions on this problem.is have|用作复数的集合名词作主语，谓语用复数。用作复数的集合名词作主语，谓语用复数。police,people,cattle,youth等。等。|通常做不可数名词的集合名词，作主语，谓语通常做不可数名词的集合名词，作主语，谓语用单数。用单数。furniture,equipment,luggage,poetry,clothing,underwear,stationery等。等。6.带数词的名词词组作主语时的主谓一致带数词的名词词组作主语时的主谓一致 表示金钱、重量、距离、时间等

8、复数名词作主表示金钱、重量、距离、时间等复数名词作主 语时，常看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。语时，常看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。e.g.Eight hours of sleep is enough.Twenty dollars is too much to pay.Use It Two hundred miles _ a long distance to cover in two hours even by a fast car.A.are B.is C.have D.had 7.主语是不定式、动名词或从句，谓语动词通主语是不定式、动名词或从句，谓语动词通常用单数。常用单数。e.g.

9、To become doctors is their ambition.Reading without comprehension is no good.What the country needs is more jobs and lower taxes.8.下列不定代词作主语或修饰主语时，谓语用单数下列不定代词作主语或修饰主语时，谓语用单数:each,every,one,either of,many a,more than one,anyone,something,what,whatever,little 等。等。e.g.Everybody is here.One of my friend

10、s needs some help.Many a college student wishes to return to the easy days of high school.In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.What you said is quite to the point.More than one person is involved in this case.比较：比较：More than one hundred men and women are working

11、 in this factory.Use It 1)Each of the students _ to take the medical examination.A.have been asked B.has been asked C.asking D.be asked2)Many a boy _ tried,but few _ succeeded.A.have;have B.have;has C.has;has D.has;have9.“the+形容词形容词/-ed分词分词”作主语，如果表示作主语，如果表示一类人，谓语用复数。如果指个人或抽象概一类人，谓语用复数。如果指个人或抽象概念，谓语用

12、单数。念，谓语用单数。e.g.The young are full of vigor.The injured were taken to the hospital.10.以以-ics 结尾的学科名词和表示疾病的名词结尾的学科名词和表示疾病的名词作主语，谓语用单数。作主语，谓语用单数。e.g.Physics is very important.11.定语从句中的主谓一致定语从句中的主谓一致 在在one of+复数名词复数名词+定语从句结构中，从句中定语从句结构中，从句中的谓语用复数形式。的谓语用复数形式。e.g.Mary is one of those people who always thi

13、nk they are wrong.当当one前面有前面有the only修饰时，定语从句中的修饰时，定语从句中的谓语用单数。谓语用单数。She is the only one of those girls who is willing is take the responsibility.12.有一些以有一些以-s结尾的单复数同形的名词，如结尾的单复数同形的名词，如means，series，species，deer，sheep等，等，谓语动词的使用取决于名词所表达的意义。谓语动词的使用取决于名词所表达的意义。e.g.The only means to defeat them is to ta

14、ke a military action.All the means have been tried.Use It A new species of mammal has/have been found.All together,about 500 species of fish is/are known to us.Exercises 1)Neither they nor I _ going to the party.A.am B.is C.are D.being 2)Many a man _ that life is empty without any purpose.A.think B.

15、have thought C.thinks D.are thinking 3)Neither the principal of the school nor the teachers _ long hair.A.favors B.favor C.is favoring D.are favoring 4)His knowledge of languages and international relations _ him in his work.A.help B.helps C.was helped D.have helped5)_ of the two football teams scor

16、ed a goal so the final result was a draw.A.No one B.Neither C.None D.Not any 6)Here is a message of importance to every man and woman who _.A.votes B.vote C.voting D.are voting 7)The singer and dancer _ our evening.A.is to attend B.was attend C.were to attend D.are attend 8)Either of the children _

17、quite capable of looking after the baby.A.are B.is C.be D.have been 9)The glass works _ in 1992.A.is built B.are built C.was built D.were built10)Neither the clerks nor the manager(know)_ anything about the accident now.11)Dr.Richard,together with his wife and three children,(be)_ to arrive in Beiji

18、ng this afternoon.12)Both of the twin brothers(be)_ capable of doing technical work at present.C knows is are B13)Are the new rules working?Yes._ books are stolen.(03年真题年真题)A.Few B.More C.Some D.None 14)None of the students arrived on time,_?(01年真题年真题)A.did he B.didnt he C.did they D.didnt they15)Th

19、e number of the students who can attend this course _ fifteen.(01年真题年真题)A.have B.has C.are D.is 16)Another five weeks _ necessary for us to finish the work.(02年真题年真题)A.are B.has been C.is D.will have been17)_ told us that he was not there.(02年真题年真题)A.None B.None of anyone C.No anyone D.No one A D C

20、A D 第二章第二章 倒装倒装倒装分为两种倒装分为两种:全部倒装和部分倒装全部倒装和部分倒装全部倒装的结构为：全部倒装的结构为：副词副词+谓语动词谓语动词+主语主语 部分倒装的结构为：部分倒装的结构为：助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语+动词动词+其其 他成分他成分哪些副词出现在句首时，句子采用全部倒装？哪些副词出现在句首时，句子采用全部倒装？表示方位的副词：表示方位的副词：in，out，away,down,off,up等等here,there,then,now,thus,first,next 等等e.g.Down poured the rain.Out rushed the tiger

21、 from the bushes.Here comes the teacher with a book in her hand.Along the lake stands a big tower.There stands at the corner a monument.|当主语为人称代词是，不用倒装。当主语为人称代词是，不用倒装。There he comes.Here you are.部分倒装部分倒装1.当某些具有否定意义的词或短语放在句首是，句子当某些具有否定意义的词或短语放在句首是，句子采用部分倒装。结构为：采用部分倒装。结构为：否定词否定词/短语短语+助动词助动词/情态情态动词动词+主

22、语主语+动词动词+其他成分其他成分 常见的否定词：常见的否定词：never，seldom,little,rarely,scarcely,hardly,nowhere 等等 常见的否定短语：常见的否定短语：in no case,by no means,at no time,under no circumstance,no soonerthan,hardly/scarcely/barelywhen,not until,not only but also 等等e.g.Never before have I seen such a beautiful painting.Little did I kno

23、w about repairing a computer.By no means will he give in to difficulties.Not only does she have a first class brain,but she is also a very hard worker.No sooner had we reached the top of the hill than we all sat down to have a rest.2.在并列句中，在并列句中，so(肯定肯定),neither（否定）（否定）,nor（否定）（否定）引导的省略引导的省略句，采用倒装。句

24、，采用倒装。I dont quite like beef.Nor _ my little son.He is nervous when being interviewed and so _ his classmate.Society has changed and so _ the people in it.does is have3.在由在由as引导的让步状语从句中，通常将形容词、副引导的让步状语从句中，通常将形容词、副词等置于句首，形成倒装。词等置于句首，形成倒装。Young as he is,he knows a lot about everything around him.Much

25、as I tried to persuade her,she still insisted on driving by herself.Child though he is,he is an expert in computer.4.句首状语为句首状语为only时，句子采用部分倒装。时，句子采用部分倒装。Only later did he realize that it was his fault.Only when you have obtained enough data can you come to a sound conclusion.5.so/suchthat句型中，句型中，so和

26、和such置于句首，句子置于句首，句子采用部分倒装采用部分倒装 So hard had he been working that he fell down with a fever.Such was the earthquake that the city was completely destroyed.6.虚拟条件状语从句中的倒装。虚拟条件状语从句中的倒装。7.However引导的让步状语从句中的倒装。引导的让步状语从句中的倒装。However great the risk may be,we must do our best to succeed.However much advice

27、you give him,he does exactly what he wants.8.the more,the more句型句型 e.g.The harder you study,the better results you can get.You study harder,you can get better results.The more harder you study,the more better results you can get.9.宾语从句中的倒装宾语从句中的倒装 I dont know where I should get off.倒装练习倒装练习 Exercise

28、s 1.Since Dick was busy,he rarely had time to go to the cinema;_.A.Jane did too.B.Jane didnt as well.C.So did Jane.D.Nor did Jane2.So _ after she learned the good news that she could hardly fall asleep that night.A.excited the mother was B.was the mother excited C.the mother was excited D.excited wa

29、s the mother D D3.Scarcely _ such an exciting movie.A.have I ever seen B.saw I C.I have ever seen D.I saw4.Scarcely had they settle themselves in their seats in the cinema _ it is composed.A.when B.have been C.are D.was 5.Jim doesnt like American beer,_ does Anna.A.so B.neither C.either D.also A A B

30、6.Not for a moment _ the truth of your explanation about the event.A.we have doubted B.did we doubt C.we had doubted D.doubted we 7.So loudly _ that people could hear it out in the street.A.did the students play the music.B.the student playing the music C.the students played the music D.have the stu

31、dents played the music B A8.Not until quite recently _ any idea of what a guided rocket is like.A.did I have B.do I have C.should I have D.would I have 9._ that our knocking could not wake him up.A.So deeply he slept B.So deeply did he sleep C.Did he sleep so deeply D.Deeply he slept A B10.Little _

32、that the police are about to arrest him.A.he knows B.he doesnt know C.does he know D.doesnt he know 11._ got in the wheat than it began to rain heavily.A.No sooner have they B.No sooner had they C.No sooner they have D.No sooner they had C B12.Not only _ us light,but it gives us heat.A.the sun gives

33、 B.has the sun given C.the sun has given D.does the sun give 13.Only after they had performed hundreds of experiments _ in solving the problem.A.they succeeded B.they had succeeded C.did they succeed D.would they succeed 14.The more I learn,the more I realize _.A.how little I dont know B.how few I k

34、now C.how little I know D.how few I dont know B C C15.Only by reading extensively(广泛广泛)_ your horizons(视野视野)of knowledge.A.so you can widen B.you may widen C.can you widen D.you will widen 16._ interesting to us,but also its English will help us in composition.A.Not only the novel will be B.Not only

35、 will be the novel C.Only will the novel be D.Not only will the novel be C D17.Not only _ be interesting to us,but also its English will help us in composition.A.the novel is B.is the novel C.will the novel D.the novel will 18.By no means _ look down upon the poor.A.we shall B.we shall C.should we D

36、.we should 19.Only by a complete understanding of the web _ hope for people to grasp its full potential.A.can there be B.can be there C.be there can D.there can be B C A20.The harder the scrub is to grow,_.A.the higher price it is B.the higher price it would have C.the higher the price is D.the high

37、er is price 21.Rarely _ such a silly thing.A.have I heard of B.have heard I of C.I heard of D.I have heard of22._,he managed to find time to go to see a doctor.A.As he is B.As he was busy C.Busy as he was D.Busy as he is C A C Translation Any academic breakthrough,brilliant as it may be,does not aut

38、omatically ensure that it can be applied to practice.A.学术上的任何成就，无论杰出与否，都不能确保它学术上的任何成就，无论杰出与否，都不能确保它可以自动地用于实践。可以自动地用于实践。B.学科上的任何成果，除非它辉煌灿烂，否则不能自学科上的任何成果，除非它辉煌灿烂，否则不能自动地用于实践。动地用于实践。C.任何学术上的突破，或许本身很卓越，也并非自然任何学术上的突破，或许本身很卓越，也并非自然而然地就可用于实践。而然地就可用于实践。A 第三章第三章 虚拟语气虚拟语气1.虚拟语气的基本形式虚拟语气的基本形式|与现在事实相反与现在事实相反 If

39、 过去时，过去时，would do|与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 If 过去完成时，过去完成时，would have done|与将来事实相反与将来事实相反 If过去时，过去时，should+动词原形，动词原形，were to+动词原形，动词原形，would do e.g.If there were no air,we should not live on earth.If it had not been for your help,he would not have succeeded.1)If you had told me earlier,I _ like that.(03年真题年真题)

40、A.would not do B.would not have done C.would do D.will not do2)If he _ to come tomorrow,I would tell him everything.(01年真题年真题)A.was B.is C.were D.be B C2.省略省略 if 的虚拟语气的虚拟语气if 可以省略，将可以省略，将had,were 或或should 提前。提前。e.g.If it had not been for your help,he would not have succeeded.省略省略if后，句子变为：后，句子变为：Had

41、it not been for your help,Use it If he were to leave today,he would get there by Sunday.Were he to leave today,1)Had he worked harder,he _ the exams.A.must have got through B.would have got through C.would get through D.could get through2)_ before we depart the day after tomorrow,we should have wond

42、erful dinner party.A.Had they arrived B.Would they arrive C.Were they to arrive D.Were they arriving 3)The business is risky.But _,we would be rich.A.should we succeed B.might we succeed C.would we succeed D.could we succeed B C A3.混合时态的虚拟语气混合时态的虚拟语气 主句和从句动作发生的时间不一致：从句与过去事实主句和从句动作发生的时间不一致：从句与过去事实相反相

43、反,主句与现在（或将来）事实相反。主句与现在（或将来）事实相反。e.g.If you had followed my advice(in the past),you would be leading a happy life(now).Use It 1)If the weather had been more favorable,the crops _ still better.A.should have grown B.would be grown C.would be growing D.could be grown2)Had Paul received six more votes in

44、 the last election,he _ our chairman now.A.would have been B.must have been C.were D.would be C D4.with,without,but for,under引导的含蓄虚拟语气引导的含蓄虚拟语气虚拟条件句不通过虚拟条件句不通过if句明显表达出来，而是隐含在副句明显表达出来，而是隐含在副词、介词短语或上下文中。词、介词短语或上下文中。e.g.1）But for the common ground,they wouldnt have reached the agreement so easily.2)Wit

45、hout the storm,they should have arrived much earlier.3)Under such circumstances,I would probably have done the same.Use It 1)Nelson _ the fight,with a little more training and a better manager.A.would win B.had won C.could have won D.won 2)_the fog,we should have reached our destination(目的地目的地)in ti

46、me.A.Because of B.In spite of C.In case of D.But for 3)_ better equipment and more funds,we could have done the experiment better.A.For B.Like C.With D.To C D C5.由由otherwise，or 或或 but（重点）引导的虚拟语气（重点）引导的虚拟语气 I ought to have bought a gift for you,but I was too busy to do that.He wasnt feeling well,othe

47、rwise he wouldnt have left the meeting.Use It 1)We didnt know his telephone number;otherwise we _ him.A.would have telephoned B.must have telephoned C.would telephone D.had telephoned 2)She _ plumper(较丰满较丰满),but she ate too little.(04年真题年真题)A.can grow B.can have grown C.could grow D.could have grown

48、 A D6.宾语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句中的虚拟语气(表示建议、要求、命令等意表示建议、要求、命令等意义的动词之后义的动词之后)表愿望的：表愿望的：desire,prefer(宁肯宁肯)表建议的：表建议的：advise,move(提议提议),propose,suggest,recommend(推荐推荐)表请求、要求的：表请求、要求的：ask,beg,insist,maintain,request,demand,require,urge(强烈要求强烈要求)表命令的：表命令的：command,direct,order 表决定的：表决定的：decide,determine,resolve 谓语动词用

49、谓语动词用 should+V原形原形，should 可以省略。可以省略。e.g.He demanded that he(should)be given the right to express his opinion.The committee members propose that the plan _(be)postponed for a few days.be1)He commanded that she _ him everything.(01年真题年真题)A.must tell B.tell C.shall tell D.might tell 2)Mikes uncle insis

50、ts _ in this hotel.A.staying B.that he would not stay C.not to stay D.that he not stay B D注：当注：当suggest表示表示“暗示暗示”的意义时，其后的宾语的意义时，其后的宾语从句中用陈述语气。（从句中用陈述语气。（insist表示坚持某种看法时，表示坚持某种看法时，同样用法）同样用法）e.g.His pale face suggests that he is ill.Use It 1)He suggested that everyone of us _ at the meeting.(11年真题年真题)