2021高考英语一轮复习专题四第十讲特殊句式课件外研版.ppt

1、第十讲 特殊句式 考点研析考点研析 考点一 强调句式 1强调句式的常用结构 陈述句：It is/was被强调部分that/who. 一般疑问句：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who.? 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词is/wasitthat.? It is/was not until.that. It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled. 只有通过倾听和相互理解，孩子和父母之间的问题才可能被解 决。 It wa

2、s not until twelve oclock last night that I went to bed. 昨天晚上我一直到十二点才睡。 Was it yesterday that you met your old friend in the supermarket? 你是昨天在超市遇到你的老朋友的吗？ 2强调句式 强调谓语动词时，要在所强调的谓语动词前加助动词do，does或 did。 The family did manage to send him to a technical school. 家里的确设法让他上技术学校。 即学即练(单句语法填空/单句改错) 12020 湖北四地七

3、校联考However, like so many other things, it is only too much stress _ does harm you. that 句意：但是，像很多其他的事情一样，只有太多的压力才会伤害 到你。去掉 it is 及设空处，句子结构和意义仍然完整，因此此句为强 调句， 其基本句型为“It is/was被强调部分that/who其他成分”。 本句被强调的部分为事物，故填 that。 22020 湖北襄阳四校联考Although it was ten years ago _ I read the book, it shows me a universal

4、 truth that books are friends, always pushing us to move on. that 分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句型，强调时间状语，故填 that。 32020 湖北荆门调研It wasnt until in high school _ I began to trust other people again. that 句意：直到上了高中我才开始再次信任别人。本句考查强调句型 “It is/was被强调部分that/who其他成分”，且强调时间状语， 故填 that。 42020 江西樟树中学等六校联考In that way, World Rea

5、d Aloud Day _ (do) help make a difference. does 句意：通过那种方式，世界大声读书日的确帮助产生了影响。本 句主语为 World Read Aloud Day，设空处后的谓语动词是动词原形 help，根据提示词 do 可知本题考查强调。do/does/did 放在实义动词前 表示强调。因主语为第三人称单数，故填 does。 5 2020 南昌模拟Ballets early roots began in Italy in the late 1400s. But it was in France _ ballet developed into the

6、form we know today. that 考查强调句型。此处考查“It was被强调部分that句子其他 部分”强调句型，此处强调地点状语 in France，故填 that。 62020 湖南衡阳八中、永州四中第一次联考It is working in teams instead of on my own which has freed me from trouble and made my work more efficient._ whichthat 考查强调句型。句意：是团队合作而不是我自己单打独斗使我克 服了困难并使我的工作效率更高。强调句型结构为：It is/was被强调

7、部分that/who其他成分，故将 which 改为 that。 考点二 倒装 1在下列情形下需要使用部分倒装 (1)当否定词或带有否定意义的词或短语位于句首时，常用部分 倒装。这类词或短语有：little, few, never, seldom, rarely, by no means, not only, not until, at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, in no way, no sooner, hardly, scarcely等。 Not only will help be given to people to

8、find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it. 不仅要给那些找工作的人提供帮助，而且也要给那些有需要的人 提供药物治疗。 Neither do I know it，nor do I care about it. 我不知道这件事，也不关心。 (2)当only修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时，用部分 倒装。 湖南卷改编Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with ot

9、hers. 只有当你找到内心的平静时你才能与他人保持良好的关系。 (3)so/neither/nor置于句首时，用部分倒装。 They love having lots of friends; so do those with disabilities. 他们喜欢交很多朋友，那些身有残疾的人也是如此。 (4)在so/such. that.结构中，当“so形容词/副词”或“such 名词”位于句首时，用部分倒装。 So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood. 他说英语说得如此清晰，以至于别

10、人都能听得懂。 (5)在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，当从句的表语/状语/动词 位于句首时，用部分倒装。如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，其前不 加冠词。 Hard as they tried, they couldnt make her change her mind. 尽管他们尽力了，但他们还是没能让她改变主意。 Child as/though he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他是个孩子但他懂很多。 2在下列情形下需要使用完全倒装 (1)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, out等

11、置于句首时，且主语是名词，谓语动词是不 及物动词，句子需用完全倒装。此时，句子多用一般现在时或一般过 去时。 The moment the bell rang, out rushed the children. 铃一响，孩子们冲了出去。 (2)当地点状语位于句首时，且主语是名词，谓语动词是不及物 动词，为了避免头重脚轻，句子需进行完全倒装。 Next door to ours live a foreign couple, who seem to have settled into life in China. 我们隔壁住着一对外国夫妇，他们看起来已经习惯了中国的生 活。 即学即练(单句语法填空

12、/单句改错) 12020 四川部分名校联测At the top of the hill _ (lie) an old cottage which has a wonderful view of the whole city. lies 当介词短语置于句首时， 句子应用完全倒装， 去除修饰部分 which has a wonderful view of the whole city 后，还原成正常语序为：An old cottage _ (lie) at the top of the hill.。句意：山顶上坐落着一间能 一览全城美景的古老小屋。结合定语从句的时态可以判断，此处应用 一般现在时，

13、故填 lies。 2Only after Mary read her composition the second time _ she notice the spelling mistake. did 当 only 修饰的时间状语位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，且由本 句时态可知应用一般过去时，故填 did。句子还原为正常语序为：Mary noticed the spelling mistake only after she read her composition the second time.。 3So necessary_ I found it to learn about my ki

14、ds schoolwork that I will visit his teachers next week. have 考查 so. that 倒装句式，正常语序为 I have found it so necessary to learn about my kids schoolwork that I will visit his teachers next week.。 4Not a single word _ he say when he was asked, which made his parents angry. did 否定副词 not 位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，由 whe

15、n he was asked 可知应填助动词 did。 52020 崇州模拟Hardly _ she gone out when a student came to visit her. had 此题考查 hardly. when 句式，该句式主句应用过去完成时。 62020 湖北八市联考Not until then I know my senior high school life had really begun._ 在 then 后加 did not until 位于句首要用部分倒装，根据语境可知助动词用过去时。 考点三 祈使句及其他 1祈使句(and/or/otherwise陈述句)

16、(1)祈使句表“请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告”等。基本结构 为：“动词(短语)原形连词句子(一般用将来时)”。 有时为了加强感情色彩或特别指明向谁发出命令或要求时，可以 加上you, Mary, girls等作为称呼。 Tom, water the flowers today! 汤姆，今天浇花！ (2)祈使句and/or/otherwise. 这种句式中的祈使句表示一个条件，and引出在此条件可能出现 的结果。or或otherwise表示如果不按此条件可能出现的结果(if not)。如 Work hard and youll pass the exam. 努力学习吧，你会通过考试的。 或Wor

17、k hard or you wont pass the exam. 努力学习，否则你不会通过考试。 2反意疑问句 反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分用陈述句形式，后一部分是 一个附加在前一部分上的简单问句，本着“前肯后否，前否后肯”的 原则，附加问句部分的动词以及主语取决于陈述句。 Your parents had a long talk with you last weekend, didnt they? 你的父母上周末和你进行了一次长谈，是吗？ 注意：祈使句的反意疑问句一般用will you或者wont you的形 式。Lets开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用shall we; Let us开头的

18、祈使 句，反意疑问句用will you。 3There. 结构 (1)There be/stands/lies.有 (2)There is no possibility that.没有可能性 (3)There is no sense of doing sth.做没有意义 (4)There seems to be.看起来似乎 (5)There is no need to do sth.做某事没有必要 The Public Square is an eye- catching sight of the city. There stand many stone sculptures of famou

19、s historical figures. 大众广场是这个城市引人注目的景点，许多历史名人的石雕像矗 立在那里。 4感叹句 (1)what引导的感叹句 Whata/anadj.单数可数名词(主语谓语)! What a good heart you have! 你的心肠真好！ Whatadj.不可数名词/可数名词复数！ What interesting stories hes told us! 他给我们讲的故事真有趣！ (2)how引导的感叹句 Howadj./adv.(主语谓语)! How clever the boy is! 这男孩真聪明！ Howadj.a/an单数可数名词(主语谓语)!

20、How clever a boy he is! 这男孩真聪明！ 即学即练 12020 郑州模拟_ is no doubt that keeping an English diary helps you a lot with written English. There 此题考查固定句型 there is no doubt that.意为“毫无疑问”。 22020 陕西西安八校联考As far as I can see, _ is no possibility that he will win the tennis match this time. there 句意：依我看，他没有赢得这次网球比

21、赛的可能性。there is no possibility that.意为“没有的可能性”，为 there be 句型，故填 there。 3There is a house near the river.There lives a man in the house and there _ (be) a lot of fish in the river. are 此处表示河里有很多鱼。 fish 指的是鱼不是鱼肉， fish 单复数同形， 故谓语动词用复数 are。 42020 青岛模拟There have some pieces of information that Id like to share with you._ haveare 考查 there be 句型。没有 there have 这种表达。there be 表示存在 有；动词 have 表示所拥有。 52020 郑州高三第一次质量预测What attractive and inviting Hangzhou is！_ WhatHow 考查感叹句。根据该句中的“attractive and inviting”以及“How adj.主语谓语！”结构可知，此处应用 How 来引导该感叹句。