法律翻译课件.ppt

1、法法 律律 翻翻 译译揭廷媛揭廷媛1ppt课件Article 2 第二条第二条l The Organization and its Members,in pursuit of the Purposes stated in Article 1,shall act in accordance with the following Principles.l 为求实现第一条所述各宗旨起见，本组织及其为求实现第一条所述各宗旨起见，本组织及其会员国应遵行下列原则：会员国应遵行下列原则：l 1.The Organization is based on the principle of the soverei

2、gn equality of all its Members.l 一、本组织系基于各会员国主权平等之原则。一、本组织系基于各会员国主权平等之原则。2ppt课件l 2.All Members,in order to ensure to all of them the rights and benefits resulting from membership,shall fulfill in good faith the obligations assumed by them in accordance with the present Charter.l 二、各会员国应一秉善意，履行其依本宪章二

3、、各会员国应一秉善意，履行其依本宪章所担负之义务，以保证全体会员国由加入本组织所担负之义务，以保证全体会员国由加入本组织而发生之权益。而发生之权益。3ppt课件l 3.All Members shall settle their international disputes by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security,and justice,are not endangered.l 三、各会员国应以和平方法解决其国际争端，三、各会员国应以和平方法解决其国际争端，俾免危及国际和平、安全及正义。俾

4、免危及国际和平、安全及正义。4ppt课件l 4.All Members shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state,or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations.l 四、各会员国在其国际关系上不得使用威胁四、各会员国在其国际关系上不得

5、使用威胁或武力，或以与联合国宗旨不符之任何其他方法，或武力，或以与联合国宗旨不符之任何其他方法，侵害任何会员国或国家之领土完整或政治独立。侵害任何会员国或国家之领土完整或政治独立。5ppt课件l 5.All Members shall give the United Nations every assistance in any action it takes in accordance with the present Charter,and shall refrain from giving assistance to any state against which the United

6、Nations is taking preventive or enforcement action.l 五、各会员国对于联合国依本宪章规定而采五、各会员国对于联合国依本宪章规定而采取之行动，应尽力予以协助，联合国对于任何国取之行动，应尽力予以协助，联合国对于任何国家正在采取防止或执行行动时，各会员国对该国家正在采取防止或执行行动时，各会员国对该国不得给予协助。不得给予协助。6ppt课件l 6.The Organization shall ensure that states which are not Members of the United Nations act in accordan

7、ce with these Principles so far as may be necessary for the maintenance of international peace and security.l 六、本组织在维持国际和平及安全之必要范六、本组织在维持国际和平及安全之必要范围内，应保证非联合国会员国遵行上述原则。围内，应保证非联合国会员国遵行上述原则。7ppt课件l 7.Nothing contained in the present Charter shall authorize the United Nations to intervene in matters wh

8、ich are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any state or shall require the Members to submit such matters to settlement under the present Charter;but this principle shall not prejudice the application of enforcement measures under.l 七、本宪章不得认为授权联合国干涉在本质七、本宪章不得认为授权联合国干涉在本质上属于任何国家国内管辖之事件，且并

9、不要求会上属于任何国家国内管辖之事件，且并不要求会员国将该项事件依本宪章提请解决；但此项原则员国将该项事件依本宪章提请解决；但此项原则不妨碍第七章内执行办法之适用。不妨碍第七章内执行办法之适用。8ppt课件9ppt课件法律英语的特点法律英语的特点l法律英语是指法律界通用的书面英语（包法律英语是指法律界通用的书面英语（包括法律、法规、条例、规章、协定、判决、括法律、法规、条例、规章、协定、判决、裁定等），尤其是指律师起草法律文件裁定等），尤其是指律师起草法律文件（合同、章程、协议、契约等）惯常使用（合同、章程、协议、契约等）惯常使用的语言。的语言。lsolemn，rigidlmystical，a

10、ssiduously stilted l严肃性和严密性严肃性和严密性 10ppt课件Characteristics in lexiconl 1.Legal Terms of Art l David Mellinkoff:a technical word with a specific meaning)l David Crystal&Derek Davy:those words and phrases about whose meaning lawyers have decided there can be no argument l 法官顾问法官顾问 amicus curiae l perso

11、ns who help the court to construe a certain legal matter l action 行动行动 诉讼诉讼 l service 服务服务 传票送达传票送达 l damages 损害损害 赔偿金赔偿金 11ppt课件l alienation（转让）（转让）l avoid（取消）（取消）l consideration（对价）（对价）l counterpart（有同等效力的副本）（有同等效力的副本）l execute（签署）（签署）l hand（签名）（签名）l instrument（法律文件）（法律文件）l negligence（过失）（过失）l par

12、ty（一方）（一方）l prejudice（损害）（损害）l presents（本法律文件）（本法律文件）l said（上述，该）（上述，该）l save（除了）（除了）l serve（送达）（送达）12ppt课件l 2.Formal Words l frozen style(庄重文体庄重文体)l formal style(正式文体正式文体)l consultative style(商议文体商议文体)l casual style(随便文体随便文体)l intimate style(亲密文体亲密文体)l prior before;l Subsequent to afterl provided t

13、hat-butl 尽量用大词是法律英语用词的一大特色尽量用大词是法律英语用词的一大特色 l The Agreement shall commence on this day and automatically terminate upon the bankruptcy or insolvency of either of the parties hereto.13ppt课件l 3.Archaism l-hereafter,herein,hereof,hereto,heretofore,hereunder,herewith；l-thereafter,thereat,thereby,therefo

14、re,therefrom,therein,thereof,thereon,thereto,theretofore,thereunder,therewith;l-whereas,whereby,wherein,whereof l Each payment to be made hereunder shall be made in American currency.l 以下规定的每项款额要用美元支付。以下规定的每项款额要用美元支付。l Excusable Delay where the term is used in this Agreement shall mean those causes

15、of delay specifically in Article 7 hereof(Excusable Delay).l 本协议中使用的本协议中使用的“可谅解延迟可谅解延迟”一词系指由协议第七一词系指由协议第七条条“可谅解延迟可谅解延迟”中所致原因引起的延迟。中所致原因引起的延迟。l Please fill in the form herein contained and mail it back.l 请将随附的表格填好寄回。请将随附的表格填好寄回。14ppt课件l All disputes,controversies or differences out of or in relation

16、to this agreement,or to the execution thereof shall be settled through friendly consultation.l 凡由该协议引起的，或与该协议有关的，或在执行该凡由该协议引起的，或与该协议有关的，或在执行该协议中发生的一切争议或分歧，应通过友好协商解决。协议中发生的一切争议或分歧，应通过友好协商解决。l This contract is made in a spirit of friendly cooperation by and between Party A and Party B,whereby Party A

17、shall invite Party B for service as a foreign staff on the terms and conditions stipulated as follows:l 甲方和乙方本着友好合作的精神签订本合同。根据合甲方和乙方本着友好合作的精神签订本合同。根据合同，甲方聘请乙方为外籍工作人员，合同条款如下：同，甲方聘请乙方为外籍工作人员，合同条款如下：l said（aforesaid）上述的）上述的 forthwith 立刻立刻 l Peter promises to pay a deposit.Said deposit shall accrue inte

18、rest at a rate of ten percent annum.15ppt课件l4.Borrowed wordslbarljurylverdict laffidavit（宣誓书）宣誓书）lalias（化名；别名）化名；别名）lquorum（法定人数）法定人数）lbona fide（真诚的；真诚地）真诚的；真诚地）linter alia（除了别的因素以外）除了别的因素以外）lpro rata（按比例按比例)16ppt课件lad hoc（专门的；专门地）（专门的；专门地）lde facto（事实上的）（事实上的）lin re（关于）（关于）lmutatis mutandis（在细节上作适当

19、修正后）（在细节上作适当修正后）lpari passu（按相同比例）（按相同比例）lper se（自身）（自身）lpro bono（为了公益）（为了公益）17ppt课件l5.Coupled Synonyms lThe seller shall pay all the custom duties and tariffs for export of the Equipment.lnull and void lall and everyldocuments and writingslkeep and maintainlfull and complete18ppt课件l6.情态动词情态动词shall

20、的频繁使用的频繁使用 l在法律英语中在法律英语中shall 并不表示将来，而有着并不表示将来，而有着与普通英语完全不同的含义。表示当事人与普通英语完全不同的含义。表示当事人在特定的情况下要承担的权利或义务时在特定的情况下要承担的权利或义务时“,应当应当”一词为一词为“shall”，而在一般的英语，而在一般的英语中，一般是用中，一般是用“should”或或“must”。l仲裁庭应当在组庭之日起九个月内作出仲仲裁庭应当在组庭之日起九个月内作出仲裁裁决书。裁裁决书。lThe arbitration tribunal shall render an arbitral award within 9 mo

21、nths as from the day on which the arbitration tribunal is formed.19ppt课件l7.较少使用代词较少使用代词 lThe Author shall bear the cost of any necessary fees for textual and illustrative permissions but the Publishers agree to pay such fees on the Authors behalf up to an agreed maximum amount and may deduct the sam

22、e from any sums that may become due to the Author under this Agreement.20ppt课件Characteristics in Syntaxl1.Legal documents composed as one very long sentence.-no question of sentence linkage,except:l the repetition of lexical items.lsubstitute words not tolerated:eg.he,she,it,they(pronoun reference);

23、do;this,that(anaphora)21ppt课件l2.Legal English contains only complete major sentences:eg.statements,no question,occasional commands.l3.Legal sentences have an underlying logical structure:if X,then Z shall be(do)Y“if X=conditional/concessive adverbial clauses:eg:coordinated adverbials:on the expirati

24、on on the previous death/subject to any authorized endorsement and to the productionl4.Written legal English contains nominal group structures (eg:post-modification in the nominal groups)22ppt课件l 被动语态和名词化结构被动语态和名词化结构 l Unless otherwise provided for herein,failure or delay on the part of any party to

25、 exercise any right,power or privilege under this Agreement shall not operate as a waiver thereof,not shall any single or partial exercise of any right，power or privilege preclude further exercise thereof or exercise of any other right,power or privilegeA waiver by one of the parties at any time of

26、a breach of any term or provision of this Agreement committed by the other party shall not be construed as a waiver by such party of any subsequent breach to be committed by the other party,nor shall it be construed as a waiver by such party of its rights under such provision or any of its other rig

27、hts under this Agreement.23ppt课件l 除非本协议另有规定，任何一方未能除非本协议另有规定，任何一方未能或延迟行使其在本协议项下的任何权利、或延迟行使其在本协议项下的任何权利、权力或特权，不应视为其放弃该权利、权权力或特权，不应视为其放弃该权利、权力或特权；单项或部分行使该权利、权力力或特权；单项或部分行使该权利、权力或特权或行使其他权利、权力或特权。或特权或行使其他权利、权力或特权。24ppt课件翻译练习翻译练习l1.Without prior written approval,no Party shall assign any and all of its ri

28、ghts and interests and delegate its responsibilities under this Agreement to any third party.l译文：任何一方未经事先书面同意，不得译文：任何一方未经事先书面同意，不得将其在本协议项下的任何和全部权利和权将其在本协议项下的任何和全部权利和权益让与及将其在本协议项下的责任委托给益让与及将其在本协议项下的责任委托给任何第三方。任何第三方。25ppt课件l2.Neglect of duty is good cause for removal of a trustee.l译文：理事玩忽职守，理应解除其职务。译文

29、：理事玩忽职守，理应解除其职务。l3.The failure of either party at any time or times to require performance of any provision hereof shall in no manner affect its right at a later time to enforce the same.l译文：任何一方在任何时候未要求另一方译文：任何一方在任何时候未要求另一方履行本协议任一条款，并不影响其以后强履行本协议任一条款，并不影响其以后强制执行该条款的权利。制执行该条款的权利。26ppt课件l 4.This Cont

30、ract shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Peoples Republic of China.l 译文：本合同受中华人民共和国法律管辖并依其译文：本合同受中华人民共和国法律管辖并依其解释。解释。l 5.Neither Party hereto shall assign this Agreement or any of its rights and interests hereunder without the other Partys prior written consent,whic

31、h shall not be unreasonably withheld.l 本协议任何一方未经另一方事先书面同意（该另本协议任何一方未经另一方事先书面同意（该另一方不得无理拒绝同意），不得转让本协议或其一方不得无理拒绝同意），不得转让本协议或其在本协议项下的任何权利和利益。在本协议项下的任何权利和利益。27ppt课件法律翻译基本原则法律翻译基本原则l一、准确严谨性原则一、准确严谨性原则l准确性，是法律文本翻译的根本。准确性，是法律文本翻译的根本。learnest moneyl“定金定金”还是还是“订金订金”？28ppt课件lContractor shall assume full respo

32、nsibility for the entire project work until its acceptance.l在项目接收之前，承包方应对工程承担全在项目接收之前，承包方应对工程承担全部责任。部责任。l在项目验收之前，承包方应对工程承担全在项目验收之前，承包方应对工程承担全部责任。部责任。29ppt课件lDamages for breach of contract by one party consist of a sum equal to the loss,including loss of profit,suffered by the other party as a conseq

33、uence of the breach.l一方违约所导致的岁还包括因其违约而使一方违约所导致的岁还包括因其违约而使另一方遭受损失的金额，另一方遭受损失的金额，含利润损失。含利润损失。l一方违约的损害赔偿金包括因其违约而使一方违约的损害赔偿金包括因其违约而使另一方遭受损失的金额，另一方遭受损失的金额，含利润损失。含利润损失。30ppt课件lThe balance shall be settled upon the arrival of the goods at the port of destination.l货到目的港后付清余款。货到目的港后付清余款。l货到目的港后即行付清余款。货到目的港后即

34、行付清余款。31ppt课件l所有董事会成员所有董事会成员须由合营方委派须由合营方委派和撤换。和撤换。lall the directors shall be appointed and replaced by the parties to the venture.lall the directors shall be appointed and removed by the parties to the venture.32ppt课件l如果买房对品质有异议，可以在货到目的如果买房对品质有异议，可以在货到目的地口岸或收货后地口岸或收货后30天内向卖方提出索赔。天内向卖方提出索赔。lIn case

35、the Buyers have disputes over the quality of the goods,the Buyers may,within 30 days after they arrive at the destination port or delivery of goods,file a claim against the Sellers.lIn case the Buyers have disputes over the quality of the goods,the Buyers may,within 30 days after they arrive at the

36、destination port or take delivery of goods,file a claim against the Sellers.33ppt课件l二、二、清晰简明性原则清晰简明性原则l1.使用清晰简明的词语使用清晰简明的词语lThe remainder of the testators property should be divided equally between all of our nephews and nieces on my wifes side and my niece.lThe remainder of the testators property s

37、hould be divided equally between all of our nephews and nieces on my wifes side as one party and my niece as another.34ppt课件lThe servants liability stems from the duty owed to a third person under the law to conduct HIMSELF so as not to injure others.lThe servants liability stems from the duty owed

38、to a third person under the law requiring the SERVANT to act so as not to injure others.35ppt课件l The packing and wrapping expenses shall be borne by the Buyer.l 包装费应由买方负担。包装费应由买方负担。l Taxation shall comprise all forms of taxes,including but without limitation to income tax,capital gains tax,stamp dut

39、y,tariffs,import and export duties,impositions,and all fines,fees and rates collected by the taxation authority and other authorities.l 税收包括各种形式的税项，包括但不限于税务局税收包括各种形式的税项，包括但不限于税务局和其他主管部门征收的所得税、资本收益税、印和其他主管部门征收的所得税、资本收益税、印花税、关税、进出口税、各种杂税及一切罚金、花税、关税、进出口税、各种杂税及一切罚金、手续费和地方税。手续费和地方税。36ppt课件l2.使用简明的句式使用简明的

40、句式lFurther,a meeting of the European Justice Ministers is held every two years.l此外，每两年还举行一个欧洲司法部长会此外，每两年还举行一个欧洲司法部长会议。议。lCourts are discouraged from passing sentence of imprisonment on offenders under 21 years of age.l 不鼓励法院对未满不鼓励法院对未满21岁的罪犯作出徒刑判岁的罪犯作出徒刑判决。决。37ppt课件l Unless this account is paid with

41、in next ten days,it will be necessary to take appropriate action.l 除非在除非在10天内把账还清，否则就有必要采取适当天内把账还清，否则就有必要采取适当的行动。的行动。l Producers of toxic chemicals have the following options:(1)require purchasers to assume responsibility for subsequent spills,(2)deposit money in a damages escrow fund,(3)terminate p

42、roduction,or(4)post a conspicuous disclaimer of liability on every container.l 有毒化学品的生产者具有下列选择：（有毒化学品的生产者具有下列选择：（1）要求）要求卖方承担由泄漏而造成的责任；（卖方承担由泄漏而造成的责任；（2）交纳赔偿）交纳赔偿保证金；（保证金；（3）停止生产；（）停止生产；（4）贴明显的免责标）贴明显的免责标签于每只集装箱上。签于每只集装箱上。38ppt课件l三、三、前后一致性原则前后一致性原则lAgreement “协定协定”还是还是“协议协议”?lReach an agreement“达成协议达

43、成协议”或或“达达成一致成一致”l“法律规定法律规定”：stipulate,specify,prescribe,require,provide等等l“禁禁”：shall be prohibited,shall be forbiddenl“货物货物”：goods,items39ppt课件l 四、四、语言规范化原则语言规范化原则l“不可抗力不可抗力”l force beyond human power,force controlled by God,irresistible forcel force majeurel“motion”:a written or oral application re

44、questing a court to make a specified ruling or orderl“动议动议”“申请申请”l attempted crimel“试图犯罪试图犯罪”“犯罪未遂犯罪未遂”40ppt课件l The burden of proof rests with the defendant.l 证明的负担由被告承担。证明的负担由被告承担。l 举证责任由被告承担。举证责任由被告承担。l and make the fact known to the public.l 并予以公告。并予以公告。l The Vendor shall procure that the Purchas

45、er acquires good title to the Shares free from all charges,liens,encumbrance and claims whatsoever.l 卖方应保证买方获得不容置疑的股份所有权，且卖方应保证买方获得不容置疑的股份所有权，且该股份不带任何押记、留置、负担、权益等主张。该股份不带任何押记、留置、负担、权益等主张。41ppt课件l Now therefore,in consideration of the premises,and the representations,warranties,covenants,and undertak

46、ings of the parties hereinafter set forth,and for other good and valuable consideration,the parties agree among themselves as follows.l 以及其他有效的有价约因以及其他有效的有价约因,l Party A is a company duly organized,validly existing and in good standing as a legal person under the laws of the PRC.l 有效存续和资格完善的法人。有效存续和资

47、格完善的法人。42ppt课件l 表示义务性规范的语言：表示义务性规范的语言：l“有有义务义务”，“必须必须”l It is the duty of,have the duty to do,shalll 中华人民共和国公民有依照法律纳税的义务。中华人民共和国公民有依照法律纳税的义务。l It is the duty of citizens of the Peoples Republic of China to pay taxes in accordance with the law.l Both husband and wife have the duty to practice family

48、planning.l 夫妻双方具有实行计划生育的义务。夫妻双方具有实行计划生育的义务。l 中华人民共和国公民有受教育的权利和义务。中华人民共和国公民有受教育的权利和义务。l Citizens of the Peoples Republic of China have the duty as well as the right to receive education.43ppt课件l表示授权性规范的语言：表示授权性规范的语言：l“（享）有（享）有权利权利”，“有权有权”,“可可以以”lhave the right to,enjoy rights of,be entitle to,maylCit

49、izens and juristic persons shall enjoy the right of honor.l公民、法人享有荣誉权。公民、法人享有荣誉权。44ppt课件典型法律英语句式翻译与解析典型法律英语句式翻译与解析l 1.if句式句式l If after such reconsideration,two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the bill,it shall be sent,together with the objections,to the other House,by which it shall likewis

50、e be reconsidered,and if approved by two-thirds of that House,it shall become a law.l 倘若在复议之后，众议院议员的三分之二仍然同倘若在复议之后，众议院议员的三分之二仍然同意通过该法案，该院即应将该法案连同异议书递意通过该法案，该院即应将该法案连同异议书递交另一院，由其同样予以复议，若此另一院亦以交另一院，由其同样予以复议，若此另一院亦以三分之二的多数通过，该法案即成为法律。三分之二的多数通过，该法案即成为法律。45ppt课件l 2.shall句式及相关情态动词比较句式及相关情态动词比较l shall,may,