2022年英语中考语法复习专题被动语态ppt课件.pptx

1、What grammar point do you find in this story?Content01.02.03.04.05.06.英语动词有两种语态：主动语态被动语态表示主语是动作的执行者表示主语是动作的执行者We plant the trees.主谓关系主谓关系表示主语是动作的承受者表示主语是动作的承受者The trees are planted by us.动宾关系动宾关系注意：后面能接宾语的动词（及物动词）才有被动语态。注意：后面能接宾语的动词（及物动词）才有被动语态。被动主语被动主语+be+donebe负责时态变化，负责时态变化，相当于助相当于助V.done体现被动，体现被动

2、，过去分词恒定不变过去分词恒定不变These flowers are planted(by Jim).（by+主动主语）主动主语）被动语态的时态被动语态的时态bebebebebebebebebebe一般现在时一般现在时现在进行时现在进行时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时一般将来时现在完成时现在完成时bebe动词体现时态动词体现时态am,is,aream,is,aream/is/are beingam/is/are beingwas,werewas,werewill bewill behave/has beenhave/has beendonedone不变不变donedonedonedonedon

3、edonedonedonedonedone被动语态的时态被动语态的时态bebebebebebebebe过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时过去将来时过去将来时情态动词情态动词bebe动词体现时态动词体现时态was/were beingwas/were beinghad beenhad beenwould/should bewould/should becan/may/must becan/may/must bedonedone不变不变donedonedonedonedonedonedonedone被动语态的时态被动语态的时态The roomThe roomThe roomThe roomT

4、he roomThe roomThe roomThe roomThe roomThe room一般现在时一般现在时现在进行时现在进行时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时一般将来时现在完成时现在完成时主语主语isisis beingis beingwaswaswill bewill behas beenhas beendonedonecleanedcleanedbebe动词动词cleanedcleanedcleanedcleanedcleanedcleanedcleanedcleanedCan you make Can you make the sentences?the sentences?被动语

5、态的时态被动语态的时态过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时过去将来时过去将来时情态动词情态动词The roomThe roomThe roomThe roomThe roomThe roomThe roomThe room主语主语was beingwas beinghad beenhad beenwould bewould bemust bemust bedonedonecleanedcleanedbebe动词动词cleanedcleanedcleanedcleanedcleanedcleanedEnglish is spoken by people all over the world.

6、That cup was broken by me.A meeting was being held at 8 oclock last night.A new cinema is being built here.一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去进行时过去进行时现在进行时现在进行时Can you tell?Can you tell?By the end of last year,a new gym had been completed in Beijing.The work has been finished by them.Hundreds of jobs will be los

7、t if the factory closes.She said that the news would be sent to Tom.过去完成时过去完成时现在完成时现在完成时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时p 主主+谓谓p 主主+系系+表表p 主主+谓谓+宾宾p 主主+谓谓+双宾语双宾语p 主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补无被动无被动有被动有被动p 主主+谓谓+双宾语双宾语I give you a book.主主 谓谓 间接宾语间接宾语 直接宾语直接宾语You are given a book(by me).A book is given to you(by me).They turned

8、 the room into a shop.The room was turned into a shop.主主 动动 宾宾 宾补宾补 p 主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补将宾语变为被动结构中将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动的主语，其余不动.在使役动词在使役动词have,make,get以及以及感官动词感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel等变为被动结构时，要加等变为被动结构时，要加to.I saw a stranger walk into the buildingA stranger was seen to walk into the building.巧记口诀：巧记口诀

9、：感使动词好奇怪感使动词好奇怪,to来来to去费神猜。去费神猜。主动句里主动句里to拿走拿走,被动句中被动句中to回来。回来。有些动词词组用于被动结构，要把它们看作一个有些动词词组用于被动结构，要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。She looked after the baby carefully.The baby was looked after carefully.This shirt feels much softer than that one.Everthing will prove to be all right

10、 in the end.Her new novel sells well.This kitchen cleans very easily.The accident happend last week.The news spread quickly and at last our teacher knew it.“主动主动”表表“被动被动”像像look,sound,smell,taste,feel,prove等系动词，主动形式表示被动。等系动词，主动形式表示被动。表示主语特征、状态、属性的表示主语特征、状态、属性的V，主动表被动，主动表被动，read,write,sell,clean,cook,

11、open.表示表示“发生发生”的的v,如如happen,take place,spread 主动表被动主动表被动need表表“被动被动”need,want,requireThe car needs washing.=needs to be washed+doing=to be doneby 短语的正确使用短语的正确使用1）by短语的位置短语的位置 by 短语通常紧跟在被动式谓语动词之后，但少短语通常紧跟在被动式谓语动词之后，但少数单宾语及物动词，如数单宾语及物动词，如place,put,set 等，需要一个等，需要一个地点状语才能使句子意义完整，这时地点状语紧跟在地点状语才能使句子意义完整，这

12、时地点状语紧跟在被动式谓语之后，被动式谓语之后，by短语则谓语地点状语的后面。短语则谓语地点状语的后面。e.g.The model plane was made by Alice.这个飞机模型是爱丽丝做的。这个飞机模型是爱丽丝做的。My bag was placed on the bed by Mum.我的书包被妈妈放在了床上。我的书包被妈妈放在了床上。by 短语的正确使用短语的正确使用2）by 短语的省略短语的省略 以下几种情况常常省略以下几种情况常常省略by短语：短语：（1）无法确定动作的执行者时）无法确定动作的执行者时 e.g.My watch was stolen when I was

13、 on the bus.我在公共汽车上的时候，手表被偷了。我在公共汽车上的时候，手表被偷了。Our school was set up fifty years ago.我们的学校是我们的学校是50年前建成的。年前建成的。by 短语的正确使用短语的正确使用2）by 短语的省略短语的省略 以下几种情况常常省略以下几种情况常常省略by短语：短语：（2）泛指动作的执行者时）泛指动作的执行者时 e.g.he was noticed to leave the office as soon as possible.有人看见他匆匆离开了办公室。有人看见他匆匆离开了办公室。Children should be

14、given environment to live in.应当给孩子良好的生活环境。应当给孩子良好的生活环境。by 短语的正确使用短语的正确使用2）by 短语的省略短语的省略 以下几种情况常常省略以下几种情况常常省略by短语：短语：（3）不愿意说出动作的执行者时）不愿意说出动作的执行者时 e.g.I am told a choir from Austria will visit our school.我听说一个来自奥地利的合唱团要来我们学校参观。我听说一个来自奥地利的合唱团要来我们学校参观。（4）上下文已对执行者有暗示时）上下文已对执行者有暗示时 e.g.Your homework shoul

15、d be handed in early tomorrow.你的家庭作业明天一早就应该交上。你的家庭作业明天一早就应该交上。宾语从句的被动语态宾语从句的被动语态They say that Nell is one of the richest people.主动主动被动被动It is said that Nell is one of the richest people.We believe that practice makes perfect.It is believed that practice makes perfect.主动主动被动被动宾语从句的被动语态宾语从句的被动语态总结：总结：

16、It be done+原来的宾语从句原来的宾语从句 It is said that.据说据说.It is believe that.据信据信.It is reported that.据报道据报道.It is thought that.认为认为.It is hoped that.有望有望.It is known that.众所周知众所周知.宾语从句的被动语态宾语从句的被动语态We believed that he would succeed.主动主动被动被动He was believedsucceed.v.1v.2to 主语主语+谓语谓语+连接词连接词+从句主语从句主语+从句谓语从句谓语.主语主

17、语+be done+不定式不定式to do不定式不定式的被动语态的被动语态如果不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者，不定式需用如果不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者，不定式需用被动语态被动语态：如：如：He dislikes to be praised in public.他不喜欢当众被表扬。他不喜欢当众被表扬。另：另：The news reporter asked a few questions to be answered.记者问了几个问题有待回答。记者问了几个问题有待回答。这里问题是由别人回答，而句中未出现具体有谁回答，也就这里问题是由别人回答，而句中未出现具体有谁回答，也就是是“answer”这

18、个动词没有出现具体主语，所以要用被动。这个动词没有出现具体主语，所以要用被动。被动语态巧记口诀：被动语态巧记口诀：谁做动作不知道谁做动作不知道,或说谁做不必要或说谁做不必要;言者强调承受者言者强调承受者,被动语态是最好。被动语态是最好。宾语提前主语变宾语提前主语变,时态人称时态人称be 关键关键;过去分词勿变错过去分词勿变错,原主变宾原主变宾by 后见。后见。不定式若省略不定式若省略to,请听观感使让助请听观感使让助;但有一点要记住但有一点要记住,被动语态补上被动语态补上to。p 单选单选p 填空填空p 改句子改句子p 真题真题单选单选1.If city noises _ from incre

19、asing，people _ shout to be heard even at dinner A are not kept；will have to B are not kept；have C do not keep；will have to D do not keep；have to 2.The fifth generation computers,_and perfected now.A.developed B.have developed C.are being developed D.will have been developed AC单选单选3.-_ the sports mee

20、t might be put off -Yes，it all depends on the weather A Ive been told B Ive told C Im told D I told 4.I need one more stamp before my collection _.A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed AD单选单选 5.Rainforests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth

21、 in the near future.A.cut B.are cut C.are being cut D.had been cut 6.The new bridge _ by the end of last month.A.has been designed B.had been designed C.was designed D.would be designedCB单选单选7.When part of a pencil is in a glass of water,it looks as if it _.A.breaks B.has broken C.was broken D.had b

22、een broken8.Great changes _ in the city,and a lot of factories _.A.have been taken place;have been set up B.have taken place;have been set up C.have taken place;have set up D.were taken place;were set upCB单选单选 9.That suit _ over 60 dollars.A.had costed B.costed C.is costed D.cost 10.-Look!Everything

23、 here is under construction.-Whats the pretty small house that _ for?A.is being built B.has been built C.is built D.is building 11.-Do you like the cloth?-Yes,it _ very soft.A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt DAC单选单选 12.It is difficult for a foreigner _ Chinese A write B to write C to be written

24、D written 13.I have no more letters _，thank you A to type B typing C to be typed D typedBC单选单选 14.Take care!Dont drop the ink on your shirt,for it _ easily.A.wont wash out B.wont be washed out C.isnt washed out D.isnt washing out 15.Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights hap

25、pened to _.A.be put up B.give in C.be turned on D.go outAD单选单选 16.The computers on the table _ Professor Smith.A.belongs B.are belonged to C.belongs to D.belong to 17.-What do you think of the book?-Oh,excellent.Its worth _ a second time.A.to read B.to be read C.reading D.being read 18.The squirrel

26、was lucky that it just missed _.A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught D.to catch DCC单选单选 19.This page needed _ again.A.being checked B.checked C.to check D.to be checked 20._ many times,the boy still didnt know how to do it.A.Having taught B.Having been taught C.taught D.Teaching DB填空填空 1.These y

27、ears more and more flowers _(plant)in our school yard.2.There was a big earthquake in that country,but luckily many people _(save).3.The water _(feel)cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.have been plantedwere savedfelt填空填空 4.In the past the children were made _(work)15 hours a day.5

28、.My TV set doesnt work.It needs _(repair).6.The beautiful gift _(give)by my grandfather last year.to workto be repairedwas given改句子改句子 1.We plant trees in spring every year._ by us in spring every year.2.She posted the letter yesterday._ by her yesterday.3.Mr Turner gave me a birthday present._a bir

29、thday present by Mr Turner.4.He is drawing a picture._ by him.5.You may hand in your homework tomorrow._ by you tomorrow.Trees are plantedThe letter was postedI was givenA picture is being drawnYour homework may be handed in改句子改句子 6.I have given you the new book._ to you.7.Her bag cannot be found by

30、 her._ her bag.8.Do you often hear her sing Russian songs?_Russian songs by you?9.She doesnt let her son swim in the river._ in the river by her.10.The bridge was being built by them at this time last year._ the bridge at this time last year.The new book has been givenShe cannot findIs she often hea

31、rd to singHer son isnt let to swimThey were buildingp 真题真题真题真题 1.(2020浙江杭州浙江杭州)Many road accidents can be a_ if we all follow traffic rules.2.(2020四川南充四川南充)Our Chinese Dream is sure to be a_ as long as we all work hard.3.(2020湖南常德湖南常德)The telephone _（invent）by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876voidedchie

32、vedwas invented真题真题4.(2020湖北鄂州湖北鄂州)The storybook can _(not take)out of the reading room.5.(2020江苏苏州江苏苏州)In ancient times,food was _(存储存储)up for winter.6.(2020甘肃武威甘肃武威)Borrowers are expected _(return)books on time.not be takenstoredto return真题真题(2020湖北十堰湖北十堰)The last Beidou GEO-3 _ into space success

33、fully on June 23,2020.As Chinese,we feel proud of it.Asends Bsent Cis sent Dwas sent(2020江苏泰州江苏泰州)7This pair of trousers _ smooth because they are made of Chinese silk.Afeels Bfeel Cis felt Dare feltDA真题真题(2020江苏扬州江苏扬州)Have you tasted baozza,a mixture of pizza and baozi?Sure.Thousands of baozza_ at

34、a baozi factory in Yang zhou each day next month.Awill make Bmakes Cwas made Dwill be made(2020江苏南通江苏南通)7As soon as books _,the volunteers posted them to the students in Hope Primary School.Aare raised Bwere raised Craised Dhave raisedDB真题真题(2020湖南邵阳湖南邵阳)5A new airport will be buit in Tantou,Longhui.Good news!But a lot of good farmland _.Awill waste Bmay be wasted Chas wasted(2020贵州毕节贵州毕节)The air pollution is very serious in our city.Something _ about it now.Acan do Bmust do Cwas done Dmust be doneBD