2022年中考英语二轮复习ppt课件定语从句.pptx

1、目录contents1.定语：是用来修饰，限定，定语：是用来修饰，限定，说明名词或代词的品质与特说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。修饰名词或代词的词，征的。修饰名词或代词的词，短语或从句称为定语。短语或从句称为定语。his desk 形物代形物代Toms father名词所有格名词所有格形容词形容词a beautiful city women teachers a developing country 名词名词现在分词现在分词a developed country 过去分词过去分词从句从句The boy that is smiling is Tom 定语从句：修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。定语从

2、句一般紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词之后。Mary is a girl who has long hair.名词名词定语从句，修饰定语从句，修饰girl定语从句三要素：先行词 关系词（引导词）定语从句先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。关系词：关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词：where，when，why关系词的作用：1.代替先行词2.在定语从句中担任一定的成分3.连接先行词与它引导的定语从句Mary is a （who has long hair）先行词引导词定语从句3.如何改成定语从句：I love the girl.The girl has long hai

3、r.I love the girl who has long hair.方法：1.找出两个简单句的共有成分2.将从句中的共有部分去掉3.用关系词引导剩下的从句，并紧跟在被修饰的词之后4.关系代词：在句中做主语，宾语或定语that：指人或物，做主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可以省略eg:Whos the boy that is reading a book？主语Can you show me the photo that you like best？宾语宾语The woman is my mother.The woman spoke at the meeting yesterday.The

4、woman that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my motherThe boy is Tom.The boy is smiling.The boy that is smiling is TomThe coat that I put on the desk isblue.The coat is blue.I put the coat on the desk.which:指物，作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略The building is a supermarket.The building is a supermarket.The build

5、ing stands near the The building stands near the train station.train station.The building which stands near theThe building which stands near thetrain station is a supermarket.train station is a supermarket.The film was wonderful.The film was wonderful.We saw the film.We saw the film.The film which

6、we saw was wonderful.The film which we saw was wonderful.who:who:指人，作主语或宾语，作主语不可指人，作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略省略，作宾语可省略whomwhom：指人，作宾语，可省略：指人，作宾语，可省略The man is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the The man is speaking at the meeting.meeting.The man who is speaking at the The man who is s

7、peaking at the meeting is a worker.meeting is a worker.The woman is a worker.The woman is a worker.They wanted to visit the woman.They wanted to visit the woman.The woman whom/who they wanted to The woman whom/who they wanted to visit is a worker.visit is a worker.whose whose 指人或物，作定语，指人或物，作定语，whose

8、+nwhose+nI know the girl whose mother is aI know the girl whose mother is ateacherteacherI know the girl.I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.The girls mother is a teacher.The house whose window are closedThe house whose window are closedis mine.is mine.The house is mine.The house is mine.I

9、ts windows are closed.Its windows are closed.5.5.做题技巧：做题技巧：确定定语从句确定定语从句看先行词是指人还是指物看先行词是指人还是指物确定先行词在定语从句中做什么成分确定先行词在定语从句中做什么成分确定关系代词确定关系代词填关系词填关系词1.The boys _ are playing football1.The boys _ are playing footballare from Class One.are from Class One.2.Football is a game_ is liked by2.Football is a ga

10、me_ is liked bymost boys.most boys.3.The students _ want to go to the 3.The students _ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate atmuseum must be at the school gate at7 tomorrow morning.7 tomorrow morning.that/whothat/whothat/whichthat/whichthat/whothat/who4.Yesterday I helped an old man_4

11、.Yesterday I helped an old man_had lost his way.had lost his way.5.Mr.Liu is the person_ you 5.Mr.Liu is the person_ you talked about on the bus.talked about on the bus.6.Li Ming is just the boy _ I6.Li Ming is just the boy _ Iwant to see.want to see.that/whothat/whothat/who/whom/that/who/whom/省略省略t

12、hat/who/whom/that/who/whom/省略省略7.The factory _ makes computers 7.The factory _ makes computers is far away from here.is far away from here.8.He likes to read books_ are8.He likes to read books_ arewritten by Shakespeare.written by Shakespeare.9.Where is the man _ I saw this9.Where is the man _ I saw

13、 thismorning?morning?that/whichthat/whichthat/whichthat/whichthat/who/whom/that/who/whom/省略省略10.I visited a scientist_ name is 10.I visited a scientist_ name is famous all over the country.famous all over the country.11.Do you like the book_ cover is 11.Do you like the book_ cover is yellow?yellow?1

14、2.The classroom _ door is broken12.The classroom _ door is brokenwill soon be repaired.will soon be repaired.whosewhosewhosewhosewhosewhose关系副词：关系副词：whenwhen：指时间，作时间状语，它的先行词：指时间，作时间状语，它的先行词通常为通常为time time，dayday，morningmorning，nightnight，weekweek，yearyear等表示时间的名词等表示时间的名词when=at/on/in+whichwhen=at/on

15、/in+whichIll never forget the day _ IIll never forget the day _ I won the prize.won the prize.Do you remember the year _ she Do you remember the year _ she went abroad?went abroad?whenwhenwhenwhenwhere:where:指地点，作地点状语，它的先行指地点，作地点状语，它的先行词通常为词通常为village,room,building,countryvillage,room,building,count

16、ry等表示地点的名词。等表示地点的名词。where=at/on/in whichwhere=at/on/in whichThis is the village This is the village wherewhere I stayed I stayed last year.last year.why:why:指原因或理由，作原因状语，它的指原因或理由，作原因状语，它的先行词通常为先行词通常为reasonreasonwhy=for+whichwhy=for+whichTell me the reason Tell me the reason whywhy she was late she w

17、as lateI dont want to listen to any reasonI dont want to listen to any reasonwhywhy you were absent.you were absent.课堂小测课堂小测I will never forget the day.I will never forget the day.I arrived in New York on that day.I arrived in New York on that day.I will never forget the day I will never forget the

18、day _ I I arrived in New York.arrived in New York.I will never forget the day _I will never forget the day _I arrived in New York.I arrived in New York.I will never forget the day I will never forget the day _ I I arrived in New York arrived in New York ononwhenwhenon whichon whichwhichwhichThe box

19、is full of bottles.The box is full of bottles.He is standing on the box.He is standing on the box.The box _ he is standing The box _ he is standing is full of bottles.is full of bottles.The box _he is standing on is The box _he is standing on is full of bottles.full of bottles.where/on whichwhere/on

20、 whichwhichwhichThis is the train.This is the train.We work on the train.We work on the train.This is the train _ This is the train _ we work.we work.This is the train _ we work onThis is the train _ we work onon which=whereon which=wherewhichwhichI know the reason.I know the reason.She did it for t

21、he reason.She did it for the reason.I know the reason _I know the reason _ she did it.she did it.I know the reason _ she did it I know the reason _ she did it for.for.for which/whyfor which/whywhichwhichThe hotel wasnt clean.The hotel wasnt clean.We stayed at the hotel.We stayed at the hotel.The hot

22、el _ we stayedThe hotel _ we stayedwasnt clean.wasnt clean.The hotel _we stayed at wasntThe hotel _we stayed at wasntclean.clean.at which/whereat which/wherewhichwhich关系代词和关系副词的区别：关系代词和关系副词的区别：1.The reason_ he gave us sounded1.The reason_ he gave us soundedreasonable.reasonable.合理的合理的2.I dont know t

23、he reason _ he 2.I dont know the reason _ he quarreled with you.quarreled with you.3.Ill never forget the day_ we 3.Ill never forget the day_ we spent together.spent together.that/whichthat/whichwhywhythat/whichthat/which4.I ll remember the day _ we 4.I ll remember the day _ we stayed together.staye

24、d together.5.This is the hotel _ we 5.This is the hotel _ we visited last year.visited last year.6.This is the hotel _ Lincoln6.This is the hotel _ Lincolnonce lived.once lived.whenwhenthat/whichthat/whichwherewhere注：用关系代词还是关系副词看关系词注：用关系代词还是关系副词看关系词在定语从句中做什么成分，由成分而定在定语从句中做什么成分，由成分而定只用只用thatthat不用不用w

25、hichwhich情况：情况：1.1.两：先行词既有人又有物两：先行词既有人又有物I can remember the persons andI can remember the persons andthe pictures the pictures thatthat I saw in the I saw in theroom.room.2.2.代：先从词是代：先从词是somethingsomething，anythinganything，nothingnothing，everythingeverything，littlelittle，muchmuchallall等指物的不定代词等指物的不定

26、代词Tell us everything Tell us everything thatthat you know you know先行词被先行词被somesome，anyany，nono，everyevery，littlelittle，muchmuch，allall等不定代词修等不定代词修饰时饰时Ive read all the books Ive read all the books thatthat you yougave me.gave me.3.3.限：先行词被限：先行词被the onlythe only唯一的，唯一的，the verythe very就是，正是，就是，正是，the

27、lastthe last最后的，最后的，the same the same 相同的修饰时相同的修饰时Its the only word Its the only word thatthat I know I knowin the passage.in the passage.4.4.形：先行词被形容词最高级修饰时形：先行词被形容词最高级修饰时This is the longest bridge This is the longest bridge thatthatI have ever seenI have ever seen5.5.特：当主句是特：当主句是whowho或或which whic

28、h 开头开头的特殊疑问句时的特殊疑问句时Who is the girl Who is the girl thatthat won the first won the firstplaceplace？6.6.序：先行词被序数词修饰时序：先行词被序数词修饰时This is the first compositionThis is the first compositionthatthat he has ever written in he has ever written in EnglishEnglish7.there7.there：there be there be 句型中，句子的句型中，句子

29、的主语是先行词且指物用主语是先行词且指物用thatthat，如果先，如果先行词是人时，用行词是人时，用whowhoThere are two novels There are two novels thatthat I want I wantto readto readThere is a pretty girl There is a pretty girl whowho wants wants to see youto see you8.Here 8.Here：Here is/areHere is/are开头的句子开头的句子Here is a film Here is a film that

30、that will move will move anyoneanyone9.way9.way：先行词是：先行词是the waythe way的时候，的时候，关系词用关系词用thatthat或或in whichin whichThe way The way thatthat he looks at he looks at problems is wrongproblems is wrong10.10.先行词是先行词是the one the one 时，用时，用thatthatThis is the one This is the one thatthat you want you want这就

31、是你想要的这就是你想要的不用不用that that 情况：情况：1.1.在非限制性定语从句中，用在非限制性定语从句中，用whichwhichLast night I saw a very good Last night I saw a very good filmfilm，whichwhich was about the animals was about the animals2.2.关系代词前有介词时，先行词指物关系代词前有介词时，先行词指物用介词用介词+which+which，指人用介词，指人用介词+whom+whom，如果介词放句末时，指人用如果介词放句末时，指人用whowho，who

32、mwhomthatthat，之物用，之物用which which，thatthat，也可以，也可以省略省略This is the room This is the room in whichin which LuXun LuXunlivedlivedThe person The person to whomto whom I am speaking I am speakingjust now is our English teacherjust now is our English teacherThis is the heroThis is the hero（whom/who/thatwho

33、m/who/that）we are proud ofwe are proud ofThe room The room(that/which)(that/which)I live in I live in is very big is very big3.3.先行词是先行词是that that，those those 指物时，用指物时，用whichwhich，指人用，指人用whowhowhats thatwhats that which which is near the is near the desk desk？Those Those whowho are willing to attend

34、 are willing to attend the party sign here pleasethe party sign here please愿意参加聚会的在这里签字愿意参加聚会的在这里签字定语从句分为定语从句分为限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和和非非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句限制性定语从句：紧跟先行词，无逗号限制性定语从句：紧跟先行词，无逗号和主句隔开，从句不可省略和主句隔开，从句不可省略非限制性定语从句：有逗号与先行词非限制性定语从句：有逗号与先行词隔开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意隔开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整思仍完整Mary is a girl who has long

35、 hairMary is a girl who has long hairLast night I saw a very goodLast night I saw a very good film film，which was about the which was about the animalsanimals注：注：1.1.当定语从句的关系词在定语从句中当定语从句的关系词在定语从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语动词应与先作主语时，从句中的谓语动词应与先行词在人称和数上保持一致行词在人称和数上保持一致They lived in some They lived in some houseshous

36、es which whichwere were cold and unsafecold and unsafe2.whose2.whose指人时，一般可以和指人时，一般可以和n+of whomn+of whom 互换互换Do you know the boy Do you know the boy whose brotherwhose brother=the brother of whom=the brother of whom is a postman.is a postman.3.whose3.whose指物时，一般可以和指物时，一般可以和n+of whichn+of which 互换互换H

37、e lives in a room He lives in a room whose windowswhose windows=the windows of which=the windows of which face the face the northnorth4.4.定语从句前是定语从句前是one of+none of+n复，从句谓语复，从句谓语动词用复数形式，是动词用复数形式，是the only one ofthe only one of+n+n复时，用单数形式复时，用单数形式 He is one of the best He is one of the best studentss

38、tudents先行词先行词 that _that _（passpass）the examthe exam他是通过考试的最好学生中的一个他是通过考试的最好学生中的一个have passedhave passedHe is the only He is the only oneone先行词先行词 of the best of the best students that _ students that _（passpass）the the examexam他是最好学生中通过考试的唯一的一他是最好学生中通过考试的唯一的一个个has passedhas passed课堂练习课堂练习1.October

39、11.October 1，1949 is the day_1949 is the day_well never forget well never forget A.when B.that C.where D.in whichA.when B.that C.where D.in which2.2.October 1October 1，1949 was the day_1949 was the day_the Peoples Republic of China the Peoples Republic of China was founded.was founded.A.which B.when

40、 C.where D.in whichA.which B.when C.where D.in whichB BB B3.Is this the factory_ a lot 3.Is this the factory_ a lot of students visited yesterday?of students visited yesterday?A.the one B.which C.who D.whomA.the one B.which C.who D.whom4.Is this factory_a lot of 4.Is this factory_a lot of students v

41、isited yesterdaystudents visited yesterdayA.the one B.that C.which D./A.the one B.that C.which D./B BA A5.This is the factory _ his 5.This is the factory _ his father worked three years agofather worked three years ago6.This is the factory_ his 6.This is the factory_ his father visited three years a

42、gofather visited three years ago7.This is the place _ the 7.This is the place _ the accident took place last night.accident took place last night.where/in whichwhere/in whichwhich/that/which/that/省略省略wherewhere.8.This was the place _ I visited8.This was the place _ I visitedlast year.last year.9.Ame

43、rica is a place _ all 9.America is a place _ all things are possiblethings are possible10.Yesterday LiMing went to the 10.Yesterday LiMing went to the village _ his family lived ten village _ his family lived ten years ago.years ago.which/that/which/that/省略省略wherewherewhere/in whichwhere/in which.11

44、.I love the school _ I have 11.I love the school _ I have studied in for three yearsstudied in for three years12.The house_ LuXun used to 12.The house_ LuXun used to live is a museum now.live is a museum now.13.-Where did you go last week?13.-Where did you go last week?-I went to Zhang Aipings -I went to Zhang Aipings hometown and visited the house hometown and visited the house_ he was born in_ he was born inwhich/that/which/that/省略省略where/in whichwhere/in whichwhich/that/which/that/省略省略.Thank youThank you