2022年中考英语形容词、副词比较级和最高级 教学ppt课件.pptx

1、形 容 词副词比较等级 大多数形容词、副词都有原级、大多数形容词、副词都有原级、比较级和最高级三个等级。比较级比较级和最高级三个等级。比较级用于两者之间的比较；而最高级则用于两者之间的比较；而最高级则用于三者及三者以上之间的比较。用于三者及三者以上之间的比较。1.1.一般情况下，词尾一般情况下，词尾+er/est+er/est fast fast faster fastest high higher highest2.以不发音字母以不发音字母e结尾结尾+r/stfine finer finest late later latest3.重读闭音节词，且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写末重读闭音节词，

2、且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写末尾辅音字母，再尾辅音字母，再+er/estfat fatter fasttest big bigger biggestthin thinner thinnest4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为 i+er/estearly earlier earliest lucky luckier luckiest 原原 级级比较级比较级最高级最高级good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastbad/badlyworseworstfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthest1.肯定句中用“as+

3、adj./adv.“as+adj./adv.原级（或再加原级（或再加n./n.n./n.短语）短语）+as”,+as”,意为意为“和和.一样一样.”.”,表示两者之间在某方面相同两者之间在某方面相同。This movie isThis movie is as intersting as that one as intersting as that one.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。The tree isThe tree is as tall as the building as tall as the building.这棵树和那幢楼一样高。2.否定句中用“”,”,意为不意为不及及.”.”,

4、表示两者之间比较，一方在某方面不如另一方两者之间比较，一方在某方面不如另一方。My English isMy English is not as/so good as not as/so good as his.his.我的英语学得不如他好。You areYou are not as/so tall as not as/so tall as he.he.你没有他高。3.表示“是.的几倍”时，用“倍数倍数+as+adj./adv.+as+adj./adv.（或加（或加n./n.n./n.短语）短语）+as”+as”。He hasHe has four times as many books as

5、 four times as many books as I have.I have.他拥有的书时我拥有的四倍。My house isMy house is twice as large as twice as large as hers.hers.我的房子是她房子的两倍大。4.4.表示表示程度的副词程度的副词too,quite,rather,pretty,verytoo,quite,rather,pretty,very等修饰等修饰adj./adv.adj./adv.原级原级。The man isThe man is very tall very tall.这个人很高。这个人很高。The ex

6、am was The exam was rather difficultrather difficult.这场考试十分难。这场考试十分难。The hall isThe hall is quitequite quietquiet.大厅十分安静。大厅十分安静。为adv.”相当，非常”为adj.”安静的”1.”adj./adv.+than”,表示“在两者中一方比另一方更.”Tokyo is Tokyo is biggerbigger than New York.than New York.东京比纽约大。东京比纽约大。He made He made fewerfewer mistakes than y

7、ou mistakes than you(did)(did).他出错比你少。他出错比你少。The scenery here is The scenery here is more beautifulmore beautiful than than thatthat in our area.in our area.这里的风景比我们地区的更美。这里的风景比我们地区的更美。diddid指代前面已经提到指代前面已经提到的的”made mistake”made mistake”为避免重复，在从句中常用为避免重复，在从句中常用the the one,that,thoseone,that,those等词代替

8、前面出现过等词代替前面出现过的名词。的名词。在形容词、副词的比较级前可以用在形容词、副词的比较级前可以用much,even,far,still,a lot,a much,even,far,still,a lot,a little,a bit,a great deallittle,a bit,a great deal等修饰，以家强语气。等修饰，以家强语气。The patient is The patient is much bettermuch better today.today.病人今天好多了。病人今天好多了。The room isThe room is a bit lager a bit

9、lager than that one.than that one.这个房间比那个稍大一点。这个房间比那个稍大一点。2.2.“比较级比较级+and+and+比较级比较级”表示表示“越来越越来越.”.”Life is becoming Life is becoming better and betterbetter and better.生活正在越来越好。生活正在越来越好。It is getting It is getting warmer and warmerwarmer and warmer.天气变得越来越暖和了。天气变得越来越暖和了。3.3.”The+”The+比较级比较级+其他，其他，t

10、he+the+比较级比较级+其他其他.”.”表示表示“越越.,.,就越就越.”.”.The busierThe busier he is,he is,the happierthe happier he feels.he feels.他越忙就越感到高兴。他越忙就越感到高兴。The more The more you eat,you eat,the fatterthe fatter you will be.you will be.你吃得越多，就变得越胖。你吃得越多，就变得越胖。4.4.”more/less than“”more/less than“表示表示“不止，不到不止，不到”，more or

11、lessmore or less表示表示“差不多，或多或少差不多，或多或少”.I have known him for I have known him for more thanmore than 20 years.20 years.我认识他已经有二十多年了。我认识他已经有二十多年了。He left inHe left in less than less than two weeks time.two weeks time.不到两个星期他就走了。不到两个星期他就走了。Everybody felt Everybody felt more or lessmore or less thirsty.

12、thirsty.大家或多或少地感到有些渴。大家或多或少地感到有些渴。5.5.表示表示“A“A和和B B哪个更哪个更.”.”时，用句型时，用句型“Who/Which+be“Who/Which+be动词动词/实义动词实义动词+比较级，比较级，A or B?”A or B?”表示表示.Who is taller,Tom or Lily Who is taller,Tom or Lily？谁更高，汤姆还是莉莉？谁更高，汤姆还是莉莉？Which is more expensive,a bike or a computer?Which is more expensive,a bike or a compu

13、ter?哪个更贵，自行车还是电脑？哪个更贵，自行车还是电脑？6.6.表示表示“两者中较两者中较.的那一个的那一个”时，用时，用“the +“the +比较级比较级+of the two”+of the two”结构结构.Tom is Tom is the taller of the two the taller of the two boys.boys.汤姆是两个男孩中较高的那一个。汤姆是两个男孩中较高的那一个。7.7.用用“A+be“A+be动词动词/实义动词实义动词+比较级比较级+than+any other+than+any other+单数名词单数名词.”.”结构，表示结构，表示“A

14、A比任何一个人或物都比任何一个人或物都.”.”或或“A A最最.”.”,即用比较级的形式表示最高级的含义即用比较级的形式表示最高级的含义.China is China is larger than any other country larger than any other country in Asia.in Asia.=China is =China is the largest country the largest country in Asia.in Asia.中国比亚洲任何别的国家都大。中国比亚洲任何别的国家都大。8.8.表示表示“倍数倍数”时，可以用时，可以用“倍数倍数+比较级

15、比较级+than”than”结构。结构。Our school is Our school is three times larger thanthree times larger than yours.yours.我们学校比你们学校大三倍。我们学校比你们学校大三倍。1.that1.that代替前文中的单数名词或不可数名词。代替前文中的单数名词或不可数名词。The engine of your car is better than The engine of your car is better than thatthat of mine.of mine.你的车引擎要比我的（车的引擎）好。你的车

16、引擎要比我的（车的引擎）好。The population of China is larger than The population of China is larger than thatthat of America.of America.中国的人口数量比美国的更大。中国的人口数量比美国的更大。=The engineThe engine=The populationThe population2.2.thosethose代替前文中的代替前文中的人或物的复数名词人或物的复数名词.The girls in your class are more beautuful than The girl

17、s in your class are more beautuful than thosethose in yours.in yours.你们班的女生要比我们班的漂亮。你们班的女生要比我们班的漂亮。The ears of a rabbit are larger than The ears of a rabbit are larger than thosethose of a cat.of a cat.兔子的耳朵要比猫耳朵更长些。兔子的耳朵要比猫耳朵更长些。=the girlshe girls=the earshe ears1.1.表示表示三者或三者以上三者或三者以上（人或事物）的比较用（人或事

18、物）的比较用最高最高级级，后面可带，后面可带of/in/amongof/in/among等短语来等短语来说明比较的说明比较的范围范围。特别注意：特别注意：形容词最高级形容词最高级前一定要加定冠词前一定要加定冠词thethe.副词最高级前的副词最高级前的thethe可以省略可以省略。Shanghai is Shanghai is one of the largestone of the largest cities in the world.cities in the world.上海是世界上最大的城市之一。上海是世界上最大的城市之一。Lily does her homework Lily do

19、es her homework(the)(the)most carefully in her class.most carefully in her class.莉莉在她班里写作业最认真。莉莉在她班里写作业最认真。2.2.“the+“the+序数词序数词+形容词最高级形容词最高级+可数名词单数可数名词单数”表示表示“第几最第几最.的的.”.”.The Yellow River is The Yellow River is the second longestthe second longest river in China.river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。黄河是中国第二长河。

20、3.“one of+the+“one of+the+形容词最高级形容词最高级+可数名词复数可数名词复数”表示表示“最最.之一之一”.Shanghai is Shanghai is one of the largestone of the largest cities in the world.cities in the world.上海是世界上最大的城市之一。上海是世界上最大的城市之一。4.4.表示表示“A,B,CA,B,C哪一个最哪一个最.?”.?”用用”Which/Who+be”Which/Who+be动词动词/实义动词实义动词+the+the+形容词或副词最高级，形容词或副词最高级，A

21、A，B or C”B or C”结构结构.Which country is the largest,America,England and Russia?Which country is the largest,America,England and Russia?哪个国家面积最大，美国，英国还是俄罗斯？哪个国家面积最大，美国，英国还是俄罗斯？Who runs fastest in your class?Who runs fastest in your class?你们班谁跑得最快？你们班谁跑得最快？1.1.当当最高级前最高级前有有物主代词物主代词、指示代词指示代词、名词所有格名词所有格等修饰

22、时，前面等修饰时，前面不能再加不能再加定冠词定冠词thethe。This is This is our best our best offer.offer.这是我们最优惠的报价了。这是我们最优惠的报价了。2.2.当形容词当形容词最高级前没有定冠词最高级前没有定冠词thethe时，就时，就没有比没有比较较的意思，只用来加强语气，有的意思，只用来加强语气，有“很，非常很，非常”之意之意.This is This is a mosta most welcome opportunity.welcome opportunity.这是求之不得的机会。这是求之不得的机会。3.3.如果如果两个形容词最高级并列

23、修饰同一个名词时两个形容词最高级并列修饰同一个名词时，第二第二个形容词最高级前不加个形容词最高级前不加thethe.He is He is the youngest and cleverestthe youngest and cleverest boy in his class.boy in his class.他是班上年龄最小、最聪明的男孩。他是班上年龄最小、最聪明的男孩。at bestat best充其量充其量do/try ones bestdo/try ones best尽某人最大的努力尽某人最大的努力at least at least 至少至少most importantlymost

24、importantly最重要的是最重要的是last but not leastlast but not least最后但并非最不重要的是最后但并非最不重要的是例例1 My cousin has changed a lot.She used to be 1 My cousin has changed a lot.She used to be ，but but now she is tall.now she is tall.A.short B.thin C.pretty D.heavy A.short B.thin C.pretty D.heavy【解析】句意：我的表妹变化很大，她原来很矮，但是现

25、在她很【解析】句意：我的表妹变化很大，她原来很矮，但是现在她很高，高，butbut为转折连词，其前后两部分的意思相反为转折连词，其前后两部分的意思相反.由由butbut后面的后面的tall(tall(高的高的)可知前面应用其反义词可知前面应用其反义词short(short(矮的矮的)，故选，故选A.A.【答案】【答案】A A例例2 We should keep our eyes 2 We should keep our eyes while doing eye exercises.while doing eye exercises.A.close B.closed C.open D.opene

26、d A.close B.closed C.open D.opened【解析】句意：在做眼保健操时，我们应该闭着眼睛。解析】句意：在做眼保健操时，我们应该闭着眼睛。“keep+“keep+名词或代词名词或代词+形容词形容词”意为意为“保持保持处于处于状态状态”，形容词作宾语补足语，形容词作宾语补足语，closeclose是动词，意为是动词，意为“关上，关闭关上，关闭”；closedclosed是形容词，意为是形容词，意为“关着的关着的”；openopen既是动既是动词又是形容词，作动词讲意为词又是形容词，作动词讲意为“打开打开”；作形容词讲意为；作形容词讲意为“开着的开着的”；openedope

27、ned是动词是动词openopen的过去式的过去式.结合句意及结合句意及keepkeep短语可知应用短语可知应用 closed,closed,故选故选 B.B.【答案】【答案】B B例例3 How far is it from Tianjin to Changsha?3 How far is it from Tianjin to Changsha?Its a Its a flight from Tianjin to Changsha.flight from Tianjin to Changsha.A.2-hour-long B.2-hours-long A.2-hour-long B.2-ho

28、urs-long C.2 hours long D.2 hour long C.2 hours long D.2 hour long【解析】本题考查【解析】本题考查“数词数词+连字符连字符+名词名词(单数单数)+)+连字符连字符+形容词形容词”构成的复合形客词作构成的复合形客词作前置定语修饰名词前置定语修饰名词.B.B项中项中hourshours为复数为复数.故排除；故排除；C C项中项中2 hours2 hours为名词所有格，其后应为名词所有格，其后应跟名词，而跟名词，而longlong是形容词，故排除：是形容词，故排除：D D顶缺少连字符，故排除顶缺少连字符，故排除【答案】【答案】A A

29、例例 4 One day they crossed the bridge behind the palace.4 One day they crossed the bridge behind the palace.A.old Chinese stone B.Chinese old stone A.old Chinese stone B.Chinese old stone C.old stone Chinese D.Chinese stone old C.old stone Chinese D.Chinese stone old【解析】多个形容词修饰一个名词时，其排列顺序的顺口溜为：县解析】多个

30、形容词修饰一个名词时，其排列顺序的顺口溜为：县(同同“限限”，指限，指限定词定词)+)+官官(同同“观观”，表示观点的词，表示观点的词)+)+行行(同同“形形”，表示形状的形容词，表示形状的形容词)+)+令令(同同“龄龄”，表示年龄、时代的形容词表示年龄、时代的形容词)+)+宴宴(同同“颜颜”，指表示颜色的形容词，指表示颜色的形容词)+)+国国(同同“国国”，指表，指表示国家地区的形容词示国家地区的形容词)+)+才才(同同“材材”，指表示材料的形容词，指表示材料的形容词).).故选故选A.A.【答案】【答案】A A例例5 5 we saw the sun rise on top of Moun

31、t Tai.we saw the sun rise on top of Mount Tai.A.Lucky B.Luckily C.Unlucky D.Unluckily A.Lucky B.Luckily C.Unlucky D.Unluckily【解析】句意：幸运的是，我们在泰山顶上看到了日出【解析】句意：幸运的是，我们在泰山顶上看到了日出.luckily“.luckily“幸运幸运地地”，副词位于句首作状语，符合题意，副词位于句首作状语，符合题意，lucky“lucky“幸运的幸运的”，是形容词；，是形容词；unlucky“unlucky“不幸的不幸的”，是形容词；，是形容词；un-lu

32、ckily“un-luckily“不幸地不幸地”，为副词，由题，为副词，由题意知，应选意知，应选B.B.【答案】【答案】B B例例6 As a Grade Nne student,ore you still 6 As a Grade Nne student,ore you still to relax yourself and to relax yourself and have sports?have sports?A.enough active B.active enough A.enough active B.active enough C.enough actively D.activ

33、ely enough C.enough actively D.actively enough【解析】句意：作为一名九年级的学生，你仍然还能主动地去进行体育锻炼来放松自【解析】句意：作为一名九年级的学生，你仍然还能主动地去进行体育锻炼来放松自我吗？此空在句中作系动词我吗？此空在句中作系动词areare的表语，而的表语，而enoughenough作副词，用于修饰形容词、副词，作副词，用于修饰形容词、副词，总是放在被修饰语之后，即总是放在被修饰语之后，即“形容词形容词/副词副词+enough”.active+enough”.active放在放在bebe动词之后作表语，动词之后作表语，【答案】【答案】

34、B B例例7 Please be careful when you are driving.7 Please be careful when you are driving.in a in a heavy snow like this.heavy snow like this.A.usually B.exactly C.especially D.regularly A.usually B.exactly C.especially D.regularly【解析】句意：当你在驾驶的时候请小心，尤其是在这样的大雪天。【解析】句意：当你在驾驶的时候请小心，尤其是在这样的大雪天。usuallyusual

35、ly通常通常地地;exactly;exactly 确切地确切地;especially;especially 尤其尤其;regularly;regularly 有规律地，经常，根据句意可知有规律地，经常，根据句意可知C C项项正确正确.【答案】【答案】C C例例8 He works very 8 He works very .He .He has a rest on Sundays.has a rest on Sundays.A.hard;hardly B.hardly;hard A.hard;hardly B.hardly;hard C.hard;hard D.hardly;hardly C.

36、hard;hard D.hardly;hardly【解析】句意：他工作非常努力，周日几乎不休息，第一空，【解析】句意：他工作非常努力，周日几乎不休息，第一空，副词修饰动词，应用副词修饰动词，应用hard.hard.第二空应用第二空应用hardly.hardly.意为意为“几乎不几乎不”【答案】【答案】A A例例9 She did her homework 9 She did her homework .A.carefully B.careful C.care D.careless A.carefully B.careful C.care D.careless【解析】句意：她认真做作业，此处修饰

37、动词，所以要用副词，【解析】句意：她认真做作业，此处修饰动词，所以要用副词，careful“careful“小心的小心的”.”.是形容词；是形容词；care“care“关心，照料关心，照料”，是名词或，是名词或动词；动词；careless“careless“粗心的粗心的”，是形容词，故选，是形容词，故选A.A.【答案】【答案】A A例例10 His English is as 10 His English is as as his Chinese.as his Chinese.A.good B.better C.best D.the best A.good B.better C.best D.

38、the best【解析】句意：他的英语和语文一样好，【解析】句意：他的英语和语文一样好，“as+“as+形容词原级形容词原级+as”+as”意为意为“与与样样”、故选、故选 A.A.【答案】【答案】A A例例11 This coat is a bit too11 This coat is a bit too for me.Do you have a for me.Do you have a size size in blue?in blue?A.small;biggest B.small;bigger A.small;biggest B.small;bigger C.smaller;bigge

39、r D.small;big C.smaller;bigger D.small;big【解析】句意：这件外套对我来说有点太小了，你们有蓝色的【解析】句意：这件外套对我来说有点太小了，你们有蓝色的更大码吗？更大码吗？【答案】【答案】B B 例例 12 Who listens 12 Who listens .Tom,Jack or Bill?.Tom,Jack or Bill?A.the most carefully B.more carefully A.the most carefully B.more carefully C.the most careful D.more careful C.t

40、he most careful D.more careful【解析】句意：谁听得最认真【解析】句意：谁听得最认真.汤姆、杰克还是比尔？此处比较汤姆、杰克还是比尔？此处比较对象有三个人。故应用最高级；修饰动词需用副词对象有三个人。故应用最高级；修饰动词需用副词 carefully.carefully.故故选选 A.A.【答案】【答案】A A例例13 Lucy is a(n)13 Lucy is a(n)student.She answers the teachers questions student.She answers the teachers questionsin her class.

41、in her class.Amore active;more actively B.active;more actively Amore active;more actively B.active;more actively C.more active;the most actively D.active;the most actively C.more active;the most actively D.active;the most actively【解析】句意：露西是一个积极的学生，她在班里回答老师的问题最积极，结合句意【解析】句意：露西是一个积极的学生，她在班里回答老师的问题最积极，

42、结合句意可知，第一句没有比较对象，只是一个泛指的概念可知，第一句没有比较对象，只是一个泛指的概念.故应用形容词的原级来修饰名词故应用形容词的原级来修饰名词studentstudent；第二句的比较范围是；第二句的比较范围是in her class.in her class.且修饰的词为动词且修饰的词为动词answers.answers.故应使用副词故应使用副词的最高级的最高级(the)most actively.(the)most actively.【答案】【答案】D D例例14 After the rebuilding(14 After the rebuilding(重建重建),our sc

43、hool is becoming),our school is becoming .A.more and more beautiful B.more beautiful and beautiful A.more and more beautiful B.more beautiful and beautiful C.beautiful and beautiful D.the more beautiful C.beautiful and beautiful D.the more beautiful前缀”re”表示重新，再【解析】句意：重建后，我们的学校正变得越来越漂亮。表示【解析】句意：重建后，我

44、们的学校正变得越来越漂亮。表示“越来越越来越”含义时，含义时，用用“比较级比较级+and+and+比较级比较级”结构，或结构，或“more and more+“more and more+形容词形容词/副词原级副词原级(形容词或形容词或副词一般是多音节词副词一般是多音节词)结构结构”。而。而beautifulbeautiful为多音节词，故应用为多音节词，故应用more and more more and more beautiful.beautiful.【答案】【答案】A A 例例15 15 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空.(I)The mountain is

45、pretty(I)The mountain is pretty (beautiful)at this time (beautiful)at this time of the year.of the year.(2)Who works(2)Who works (careful),Mary,Linda or Alice?(careful),Mary,Linda or Alice?(3)An elephant is much(3)An elephant is much (heavy)than a horse.(heavy)than a horse.(4)My clothes are as(4)My

46、clothes are as (cool)as yours.(cool)as yours.【解析】【解析】(1)pretty(1)pretty用于修饰形容词或副词的原级，用于修饰形容词或副词的原级，beautifulbeautiful放在放在bebe动词之后作表语，故应动词之后作表语，故应使用形容词原级使用形容词原级beautiful.beautiful.(2)(2)此题的比较对象为三个人，故应使用最高级，修饰实义动词应用副词，此题的比较对象为三个人，故应使用最高级，修饰实义动词应用副词，“the”“the”可加也可不加，故应填可加也可不加，故应填most carefullymost care

47、fully或或 the most carefully.the most carefully.（3)much3)much用于修饰比较级，用于修饰比较级，heavyheavy放在放在bebe动词后作表语，故应填动词后作表语，故应填heavier.heavier.(4)“as+(4)“as+形容词或副词的原级形容词或副词的原级+as”+as”，表示，表示“和和一样一样”，形容词，形容词coolcool放在放在bebe动词后作表语，故应填动词后作表语，故应填coolcool的原级的原级.0.0【答案】【答案】(I)beautiful(2)(the)most carefully(3)heavier(4)

48、cool(I)beautiful(2)(the)most carefully(3)heavier(4)cool例例 16 It was terrible.It rained so 16 It was terrible.It rained so that people that people could could go out.go out.A.hardly;hard B.hard;hardly A.hardly;hard B.hard;hardly C.hardly;hardly D.hard;hard C.hardly;hardly D.hard;hard【解析】句意：太糟糕了，雨下得如此

49、大以至于人们几乎不能出去。【解析】句意：太糟糕了，雨下得如此大以至于人们几乎不能出去。hardhard作副词作副词.意思是意思是“努力地；猛努力地；猛烈地；大量地烈地；大量地”；hardlyhardly是副词是副词.意为意为“几乎不几乎不”，表示否定的意思。由题意知，雨太大，导致人们出，表示否定的意思。由题意知，雨太大，导致人们出不去，故选不去，故选B.B.【答案】【答案】B B例例17 The 17 The friends you have,the friends you have,the you will be.you will be.A.more;happy B.many;happy A

50、.more;happy B.many;happy C.more;happier D.many;happier C.more;happier D.many;happier【解析】句意：你拥有的朋友越多，你就会越开心，【解析】句意：你拥有的朋友越多，你就会越开心，“越越，越，越”用用“the+“the+形容词形容词/副词比较级副词比较级.the+.the+形容词形容词/副词比较级副词比较级”结构表示，所以第一空用形结构表示，所以第一空用形容词容词manymany的比较级修饰可数名词复数的比较级修饰可数名词复数friendsfriends；第二空用形容词；第二空用形容词happyhappy的比较级的